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Mapping National Internet Governance Initiatives in Latin America
Abstract and Figures
The MIGLAC project is both a research project and an online tool that seeks to organize and make publicly available information about Internet governance initiatives in the Latin American and Caribbean region at miglac.org. The MIGLAC platform provides accessible, up-to-date information about the different National and Regional IGF Initiatives (NRIs) in the Latin American (LAC) region. It aims to provide information on the evolution and status of the Internet governance agenda within different countries. In addition, it seeks to address the lack of systematized information on national Internet governance initiatives by promoting a comprehensive approach to these developments-based on the existing evidence and literature on the subject. A broader aim of the research is to enhance the value of National and Regional IGFs (NRIs) and Internet governance more generally in national public policy processes throughout the region, as a means to achieve fairer, more accountable and open societies.
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In this article, we are interested in examining the factors that drive cybernationalism and digital governance in media policies. As scholars with a long-standing interest in media industries and policies in Latin America, we start with a simple empirical observation: the curious absence of debates and strong efforts to regulate digital media in the region grounded on nationalistic arguments. It is not exaggerated to affirm that for the past two decades, the region has largely adopted a laissez-faire, deregulatory approach on fundamental issues about the structure and functioning of the Internet, including the performance of global digital platforms, content traffic, data ownership and access, and speech. We believe that understanding the decades-long transition from nationalistic media regulations to pragmatism in digital policies in Latin America yields valuable insights for theorizing the conditions that foster (and discourage) nationalism and sovereignty in digital policies.
In software engineering there are traditional and agile models. However, there is no consensus on what practices are required for a successful software engineering project. This work proposes to analyze the SEMAT model through a study case for the conception and requirements elicitation of an e-learning database education software. From this study case it was possible to verify the model applicability for the application, as well as to understand some restrictions and adjustments required for this specific area.
The growing technical uncertainties and complexities of problems of global concern have made international policy coordination not only increasingly necessary but also increasingly difficult. If decision makers are unfamiliar with the technical aspects of a specific problem, how do they define state interests and develop viable solutions? What factors shape their behavior? Under conditions of uncertainty, what are the origins of international institutions? And how can we best study the processes through which international policy coordination and order emerge? While a variety of analytic approaches have been used to address the problems of international cooperation, the approaches have yielded only fragmentary insights. At its core, the study of policy coordination among states involves arguments about determinism versus free will and about the ways in which the international system is maintained and transformed. Among the overlapping topics of debate are whether national behavior is determined or broadly conditioned by system-level factors, unit-level factors, or some complex interplay between the two; whether state policymakers can identify national interests and behave independently of pressures from the social groups they nominally represent; and whether states respond consistently to opportunities to create, defend, or expand their own wealth and power, to enhance collective material benefits, or to promote nonmaterial values.' A related question of
Local participation is the new democratic imperative. In the United States, three-fourths of all cities have developed opportunities for citizen involvement in strategic planning. The World Bank has invested $85 billion over the last decade to support community participation worldwide. But even as these opportunities have become more popular, many contend that they have also become less connected to actual centers of power and the jurisdictions where issues relevant to communities are decided.
With this book, Gianpaolo Baiocchi and Ernesto Ganuza consider the opportunities and challenges of democratic participation. Examining how one mechanism of participation has traveled the world—with its inception in Porto Alegre, Brazil, and spread to Europe and North America—they show how participatory instruments have become more focused on the formation of public opinion and are far less attentive to, or able to influence, actual reform. Though the current impact and benefit of participatory forms of government is far more ambiguous than its advocates would suggest, Popular Democracy concludes with suggestions of how participation could better achieve its political ideals.
The growing phenomena of regional and national Internet Governance Forum (IGF) initiatives offer an opportunity to look into how various interpretations of the multistakeholder model play out in different cultural, political, and economic settings. The variety of ways in which the multistakeholderism is enacted are expressed through the organizational structures and procedures of these events, their funding mechanisms, their agendas and formats, the kind of participation they attract and enable, and their potential influence on the national, regional, or global Internet governance debates. This article is a systematic attempt to map out regional and national IGF initiatives with an emphasis on how the multistakeholder model is playing out in various contexts. This analysis builds on existing dispersed documentation of these initiatives, transcripts from meetings (such as global IGF interregional dialogs), and interviews with individuals engaged in facilitation of regional and national IGF initiatives. The goal of this exercise is to offer an empirically grounded framework for thinking about the emerging models of multistakeholder governance.
Governance is often conceptualised as involving delegation to actors outside the state, but we have long understood that these actors function within a “shadow of hierarchy”. Although powers may be delegated to social actors, they can always be returned to the state. This article discusses three additional shadows – society, the market and the international system – and their effects on governance. These multiple shadows present an opportunity for would-be governors to select patterns of governing.
El concepto de gobernanza está siendo utilizado en diversas subdisciplinas de las ciencias sociales. A pesar de que hay numerosas diferencias en la manera en que es definido y utilizado, existen elementos comunes tales como el énfasis en las reglas y las cualidades de los sistemas, la cooperación para incrementar la legitimidad y la eficacia y la atención a nuevos procesos y acuerdos público-privado. El éxito aparente del concepto parece ser que reside en que refleja la necesidad social de nuevas iniciativas basadas en la realización de crecientes interdependencias sociales. El artículo contempla diferentes usos.
The full text is available at www.earthsummit2002.org this is a very old book you should be looking at the more recent Stakeholder Democracy in a time of fear
The Internet Governance Event Toolkit
ISOC (2015) The Internet Governance Event
Toolkit. Available at:
https://www.internetsociety.