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A UPSO based optimal BEVs charging for voltage quality improvement

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Abstract

TThis paper examines voltage quality problems in Low Voltage (LV) Distribution Networks (DNs) due to high Photovoltaic (PV) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) penetration. The proposed methodology considers Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) along with the PV units in order to store the energy surplus that causes overvoltage during the high PV generation. This stored energy is utilized at night when the majority of the EVs is expected to be charged. Moreover, a Unified Particle Swarm Optimization (UPSO) algorithm is used in order to optimally schedule EVs charging during the night and under different charging modes. This scheduling is implemented under either an assumed continuous charging mode or an intermittent one. The objective function is set to be the optimal voltage profile. A real LV DN with real measured load data is examined. Variations have been taken into account about some EVs’ parameters and the results indicate that the voltage profile is significantly improved under the proposed charging schedule by the UPSO. If this charging schedule is combined with efficient exploitation of the BESS stored energy then the improvement is even higher. The proposed approach also improves energy efficiency towards the implementation of the Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) concept.
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... Logo, mitigar ou reduzir esses impactos negativos a consumidores e concessionáriasé relevante para consolidar este mercado em ampla expansão. Na literatura, os principais métodos aplicados com foco na qualidade da tensão e carregamento térmico de ativos da concessionária em RDBTs são: tarifação dinâmica (Huang and Wu (2019); Chandra Mouli et al. (2019)), reforço de rede (Kazerooni et al. (2019); Pillai et al. (2013)), Sistemas de Armazenamento de Energia a Bateria (SAEB) (Mohamed et al. (2021); Mexis et al. (2021);Bouhouras et al. (2018)), coordenação inteligente (Li et al. (2021); Su et al. (2020); Sun et al. (2021)) e o controle Volt-Watt (Zeraati et al. (2019); Reeves et al. (2013);Olivier et al. (2016)). Embora apresentem desempenho significativo no controle dos parâmetros elétricos demandados, estes métodos possuem custos elevados de implantação ou tendem a penalizar o consumidor financeiramente durante a sua operação. ...
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