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Abstract and Figures

We analyzed the distribution patterns of primates and their conservation status Alouatta caraya, Aotus azarae, Mico melanurus, Sapajus cay, and Callicebus pallescens in Paraguay. We employed a maximum likelihood estimator to understand species distributions based upon observational records. Threats and the presence of species in protected areas were analyzed. M. melanurus is limited to the extreme north of the Paraguayan Chaco. C. pallescens is a Chacoan species only, not passing 23° S latitude and is sympatric with A. azarae whose distribution is more widely austral. A. caraya and S. cay are fully sympatric. The north of the department of Alto Paraguay contains five species. Habitat loss or fragmentation from deforestation, hunting for consumption or trade, and finally emerging epidemics are the most important threats. However, we highlight the need for better information at the national level. Keywords: Atelidae, Callithricidae, Cebidae, Phiteciidae, wildlife diseases.
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*jlcartes@gmail.com
Figura 1. Especies de primates de Paraguay, en sentido horario desde el centro arriba: a) Sa pajus cay (Foto: N. Aguilar); b) Mico melanurus
(Foto: H. Cabral); c) Aotus azarae (Foto: W. Mc Bride); d) Alouatta caraya (Foto: Pierronimo); e) Callicebus pallescens (Foto: J.L. Cartes).
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Figura 2. Remanentes boscosos de Paraguay. Mapa de cobertura forestal, año 2011. Fuente:
Instituto Forestal Nacional (PNC ONU -REDD Py) http://ww w.infona.gov.py/
Figura 3. Imagen aérea del sistema de habilitación de pasturas sobre la tala rasa del bosque
chaqueño en Alto Paraguay (vuelo realizado el 31 de julio de 2007). Nótese los paleo cauces
cortados por la deforestación y las franjas de separación de 100 m de bosque nativo afecta-
do por el fuego y el viento norte (norte hacia la derecha). Foto: J.L. Cartes.
Figura 4. Distribución estimada para las cinco especies de primates en Paraguay. El área sombreada
representa el área de probabilidad de ocurrencia (≥10 %). Los puntos rojos representan las localidades
de registros obtenidos. Elaboración propia.
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