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Guía ilustrada de los anfibios y reptiles del valle de Caracas, Venezuela
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En Caracas habita una extraordinaria diversidad biológica que, por lo general, pasa desapercibida. En esta guía se muestra parte de esa riqueza y, además, es el primer compendio de la fauna de anfibios y reptiles de nuestra ciudad, reuniendo información taxonómica, ecológica, riesgo de extinción y distribución de 89 especies, a través de fichas técnicas y fotografías que facilitan su reconocimiento. También se sintetizan los aspectos más relevantes de las clases Amphibia y Reptilia así como las características utilizadas para la identificación de sus miembros. Completan la obra capítulos sobre el
conocimiento biogeográfico regional, la conservación de las especies estudiadas y la fauna en parques recreacionales y zoológicos. Finalmente, se presenta información sobre los venenos de serpientes y qué hacer en caso de mordeduras. Esta obra, la segunda de la serie de Guías Ilustradas de Ediciones IVIC, es de consulta obligada para estudiantes, profesores, especialistas y público en general. La biodiversidad caraqueña nos invita a concebir otra forma de vivir y ser ciudad de cara a los grandes retos ecológicos y sociales que se derivan del crecimiento de la urbe. También nos ofrece oportunidades únicas para la educación, la investigación, la recreación y el turismo con miras a un futuro sustentable y sano a largo plazo.
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Tegus of the genera Tupinambis and Salvator are the largest Neotropical lizards and the most exploited clade of Neotropical reptiles. For three decades more than 34 million tegu skins were in trade, about 1.02 million per year. The genus Tupinambis is distributed in South America east of the Andes, and currently contains four recognized species, three of which are found only in Brazil. However, the type species of the genus, T. teguixin, is known from Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guyana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (including the Isla de Margarita). Here we present molecular and morphological evidence that this species is genetically divergent across its range and identify four distinct clades some of which are sympatric. The occurrence of cryptic sympat-ric species undoubtedly exacerbated the nomenclatural problems of the past. We discuss the species supported by molecular and morphological evidence and increase the number of species in the genus Tupinambis to seven. The four members of the T. teguixin group continue to be confused with Salvator merianae, despite having a distinctly different morphology and reproductive mode. All members of the genus Tupinambis are CITES Appendix II. Yet, they continue to be heavily exploited, under studied, and confused in the minds of the public, conservationists, and scientists.
Uma extensa revisao taxonomica das especies do grupo Rhinella granulosa foi realizada com base em caracteres morfologicos externos e caracteres morfometricos. Foram analisados 8700 exemplares depositados em 35 colecoes nacionais e estrangeiras, representando 865 localidades. Doze especies foram reconhecidas para o grupo, uma delas descrita como nova; sao elas: Rhinella granulosa (Nordeste do Brasil), R. pygmaea (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil), R. bergi (Paraguai, Noroeste da Argentina, e Mato Grosso, Brasil), R. major (Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguai, e Norte e Oeste do Brasil), R. mirandaribeiroi (Brasil Central e Bolivia), R. azarai (Provincia de Misiones, Argentina, Paraguai, e Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil), R. nattereri (Venezuela, Guiana e Roraima, Brasil), R. fernandezae (Argentina, Uruguai, Paraguai, e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil), R. dorbignyi (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Uruguai, e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil), R. merianae (Venezuela, Suriname, Guiana, e Amazonas e Roraima, Brasil), R. humboldti (Colombia, Venezuela, Suriname, Guiana e Trinidad), R. centralis sp. n. (Panama). Caracteres morfologicos externos, como formato da cabeca e do focinho, tipo de cristas cefalicas, tamanho do timpano, tamanho e formato das glândulas parotoides e granulacao cutânea, sao alguns dos atributos utilizados na identificacao das especies. Diagnose comparativa, descricao e sumario de distribuicao sao fornecidos para cada especie, assim como uma chave artificial para identificacao das especies do grupo. A distribuicao geografica das especies de Rhinella esta amplamente associada as formacoes abertas da America do Sul e Panama.
We describe a new species of diurnal gecko, Gonatodes rozei sp. nov., from tropical and premontane humid forests of north central Venezuela. The new species can be distinguished from other congeners by a combination of large size, sub-caudal pattern B (1'1'1''), three or four lateral scale rows on the digits, males with blue iris, scalation of the gular area, and aspects of color pattern in males and females. The new species is strongly sexually dichromatic and up to four different color morphs are observed in males.
We update the list of reptiles of Venezuela, reporting a total of 370 species from the country (four of these exotic), arranged in 122 genera (one exotic), 30 families and three orders. Introduced species and dubious or erroneous records are discussed. Taxonomic, nomenclatural and distributional comments are provided when required. Considering species of probable occurrence in the country (known to occur in Colombia, Brazil and Guyana at localities very close to the Venezuelan border) and still undescribed taxa, we estimate that the total number of species in Venezuela could exceed 400.
An addition to the diversity of dendrobatid frogs in Venezuela: description of three new collared frogs (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Mannophryne). Three new species of collared frogs of the genus Mannophryne are described from Venezuela. Two are newly discovered taxa from the Venezuelan Andes, whereas the third species, previously confused with M. trinitatis, is from the Caracas area in the Cordillera de la Costa. The call of the three new species and that of Mannophryne collaris are described. Taxonomic, zoogeographic, and conservation issues are discussed.
Phylogenetic relationships among the species of Mabuya present around the Caribbean Sea (Antilles, Central America, and northern South America) are proposed for the first time. The molecular phylogenetic analyses (based on cytochrome b and 12S sequences) give new insights into the diversification of the genus in the New World, its multiple instances of montane habitat colonization, and the multiple waves of colonization towards the Caribbean area. In addition to the molecular analyses, we propose hypotheses about the phylogenetic placement of some rare or possibly extinct species, based on a qualitative analysis of morphological characters. The present article also includes descriptions of two new species from northern Venezuela, Mabuya nebulosylvestrissp. nov. (from the highlands of the coastal range and the Andean Cordillera of Mérida) and Mabuya zuliae sp. nov. (from the lowlands of the Maracaibo lake basin). Mabuya luciaeGarman, 1887, a possibly extinct species endemic to St Lucia Island, is resurrected and diagnosed from its supposed sister species, Mabuya mabouya (Lacepède, 1788). © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 156, 598–616.
Apuntes sobre reptiles y anfibios de la región Baruta-El Hatillo. Memoria de la Sociedad de
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Estudio de Caracas. Volumen I. Ecología Vegetal y Fauna. Ediciones Biblioteca de la Universidad Central de Venezuela
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Crema M (Ed) (1968) Estudio de Caracas. Volumen I. Ecología Vegetal y
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