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A Guide to Artifacts of Colonial America
... Desde las fuentes escritas, el jesuita J. Cardiel ([1747Cardiel ([ ] 1940Cardiel ([ , [1748 1930) fue el primer europeo en recorrer el área estudiada a mediados del siglo XVIII documentando a los diversos grupos aborígenes que la habitaban. En la década de 1820, las expediciones militares de M. Rodríguez y J. Estomba circulan por la zona camino hacia Bahía Blanca, señalando el coronel P. A. García la existencia de grupos huilliches en el arroyo Claromecó y sobre la costa (García en De Angelis [1836] 1969 (Casamiquela 1982;Mandrini 1985; entre otros) sobre la ubicación de tolderías u otro tipo de asentamientos indígenas. Posteriormente, distintos trabajos de historia regional (p. ...
... Detalle de los diversos materiales recuperados.La distribución de los materiales, su variedad y la evidencia de alteraciones térmicas permite inferir que el sector excavado podría haber sido un área de descarte o basural adonde se redujeron los desechos mediante el fuego (Figura 5). Por otra parte, el hallazgo de fragmentos vítreos, latas de conserva, una olla de hierro y una pipa de caolín (típica de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX), posibilita establecer una cronología relativa para el sitio entre fines del siglo XIX y comienzos del siglo XX(Hume 1969; Montanari et al. 2013). Así, la presencia de fragmentos de botellas y precintos de plomo-estaño pertenecientes a cerveza Bieckert, Fernet Branca, Hesperidina, Cerveza Quilmes y ginebra PetersHermanos, indica que el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas nacionales primó sobre el de las importadas, a diferencia de lo que sucedía en sitios arqueológicos previos. ...
... Desde las fuentes escritas, el jesuita J. Cardiel ([1747Cardiel ([ ] 1940Cardiel ([ , [1748 1930) fue el primer europeo en recorrer el área estudiada a mediados del siglo XVIII documentando a los diversos grupos aborígenes que la habitaban. En la década de 1820, las expediciones militares de M. Rodríguez y J. Estomba circulan por la zona camino hacia Bahía Blanca, señalando el coronel P. A. García la existencia de grupos huilliches en el arroyo Claromecó y sobre la costa (García en De Angelis [1836] 1969 (Casamiquela 1982;Mandrini 1985; entre otros) sobre la ubicación de tolderías u otro tipo de asentamientos indígenas. Posteriormente, distintos trabajos de historia regional (p. ...
... Detalle de los diversos materiales recuperados.La distribución de los materiales, su variedad y la evidencia de alteraciones térmicas permite inferir que el sector excavado podría haber sido un área de descarte o basural adonde se redujeron los desechos mediante el fuego (Figura 5). Por otra parte, el hallazgo de fragmentos vítreos, latas de conserva, una olla de hierro y una pipa de caolín (típica de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX), posibilita establecer una cronología relativa para el sitio entre fines del siglo XIX y comienzos del siglo XX(Hume 1969; Montanari et al. 2013). Así, la presencia de fragmentos de botellas y precintos de plomo-estaño pertenecientes a cerveza Bieckert, Fernet Branca, Hesperidina, Cerveza Quilmes y ginebra PetersHermanos, indica que el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas nacionales primó sobre el de las importadas, a diferencia de lo que sucedía en sitios arqueológicos previos. ...
... Los catálogos, o sistemas equivalentes de registro, vienen a llenar precisamente ese vacío. Son relativamente comunes en la arqueología histórica, especialmente en el Reino Unido (Oswald 1951(Oswald , 1961Davey, 1985;Barker, 1991;Hook y Gaimster, 1995;Cherry, 1997;Gaimster, 1997;Staniland, 1997;Courtney, 1999;Egan y Michael, 1999;Redknapp, 1997) y en los Estados Unidos de América (Hume, 1970;Busch, 1981;Beaudry et al., 1983;Jones, 1986;Majewski y O'Brien, 1987;Sussman, 1997;Brauner, 2000;Karklins, 2001). Mientras que la tradición europea mantiene la conformación de catálogos con poco o ningún análisis, la escuela estadounidense incorpora menos documentación de base, pero más información y discusión (Crook et al., 2002). ...
This article discusses the manufacture and age of brass and other copper alloy ornaments, implements, and containers produced by the Akan of coastal Ghana, particularly mforowa (sg. forowa), distinctive sheet brass vessels used as containers for shea butter and associated with mortuary rituals. Archaeological excavations have recovered a variety of artifacts locally made from imported European brass in close association with European trade materials. Because the production ranges of many European manufactures are well known and can be closely dated—often within decades—they afford a means of more closely dating associated artifacts than is often possible on African archaeological sites of the past 500 years. This chronological control provides new insights into brass working traditions of the coastal Akan, particularly the use and reuse of imported brass. This article reviews current information on the origins of metallurgy and metal working in coastal Ghana, and the expansion of brass working with the advent of the European trade. Archaeological data from the African settlement of Elmina and other sites in the coastal hinterland support suggestions that mforowa production began during the 17th century and, further, that the stylistic origins of mforowa lie with the earlier nkuduo (sg. kuduo) brass casting tradition. The context of the archaeological finds also provides insight into the cultural settings in which mforowa functioned.
Este estudio es el resultado de las excavaciones arqueológicas en el sitio histórico de la Casa del Tesoro Real de Popayán. En el trabajo se analizan desde la arqueología histórica la importancia de la ceca para el Nuevo Reino de Granada (Audiencia de Quito). Allí se fundió moneda de oro y plata durante los siglos XVIII y XIX hasta su ocaso en la Independencia y República. El edificio fue ocupado por militares y policía hasta tener que demolerse por los estragos del sismo de 1983. Hoy se construye el conjunto arquitectónico del Centro de Convenciones de Popayán (CCP). En este estudio encontrarán aspectos históricos, detalles de excavación e interpretación de los resultados. Planos+fotos+diseños+ilustraciones.
Site 41BO184 is located within the right-of-way for the proposed expansion of State Highway 35 at the Oyster Creek crossing in southern Brazoria County. It was originally recorded as a multicomponent site in 1994 and was the subject of three distinct and limited archeological investigations by Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) staff. In 2003, TxDOT contracted with the Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio to test the National Register of Historic Places and State Archeological Landmark eligibility of the site. Systematic mechanical auger borings, ten hand-excavated 1-x-1-meter test units, and Gradall scrapings helped identify a very sparse Late Prehistoric, possibly Rockport, component at the site. Although it is possible that at least some of the prehistoric artifacts come from the shell-paved driveway that cross-cut the site, it is also possible that some of the prehistoric artifacts represent in situ finds. The historic component, rich in temporally diagnostic ceramic fragments, dates to the mid-nineteenth century. The lack of intact features, the small size of the artifact assemblage, and the reduced size of the available materials, severely limits the research potential of the site. Therefore, it is recommended that site 41BO184 is not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places nor does it warrant designation as a State Archeological Landmark.
Unlike many goods in the eighteenth century, which were wholly imported, utilitarian coarse earthenwares were also produced locally within the American colonies. In the Chesapeake region, it has been suggested that these local wares were primarily reserved for those unable to directly participate in the transatlantic credit economy fostered by the tobacco consignment system. Rather than relying on ambiguous visual attributes to identify these wares, this study utilized elemental analysis via LA-ICP-MS. Coarse earthenwares from domestic plantation contexts of varying social status were assigned to production zones based on shared elemental composition with a reference dataset. This reference dataset incorporated sherds from historic earthenware production sites across the mid-Atlantic and in Great Britain, representing 12 geologically distinct production zones. The results emphasize the diversity of coarse earthenware sources that Chesapeake residents accessed, both local and imported. There was a steady decrease in the use of imported wares in favor of domestically made products over time. There were no sharp differences among plantation households of different statuses, suggesting that these everyday wares were equally accessible to all, perhaps via plantation provisioning strategies. The omnipresence of local wares is evidence for the pragmatic and political strengths of local production.
Numerous large, well-dated 18th- to 19th-century closed assemblages of domestic pottery, glass and other artefacts have recently been excavated in the London area. Discarded as a single deposit, these ‘clearance groups’ offer an invaluable opportunity to compare individual establishments across the social spectrum, allowing the evolving role of ceramics in a rapidly developing consumer society to be traced. This article is concerned particularly with clearances from inns and taverns, focusing on a fine assemblage of pottery, glass and clay pipes from the site of the King’s Arms in Uxbridge, deposited c. 1785–1800. The range of finds recovered, their sources and function, and their contribution to our understanding of inn society are discussed and comparison is made with clearances from other victualling establishments and households in London, Guildford, Leicester and the American colonies, examining in particular the availability of ceramics, choice, taste, social status and function, as demonstr...
This paper synthesizes analyses of Native American artifacts collected at Wallace Bottom (3AR179) from 1998 to 2006. These artifacts offer the prospect of identifying the archaeological signature of the Quapaw people in the early colonial era, a decades-old conundrum in lower Mississippi Valley archaeology. While this artifact assemblage appears to date to the early colonial era (A.D. 1650-1750), it contrasts markedly with the archaeological “Quapaw phase” (Phillips 1970:943-944). The Wallace Bottom site now seems a good candidate for the location of both the Quapaw village of Osotouy and the French Arkansas Post. The native material from Wallace Bottom exhibits a generalized midwestern character, consistent with Degiha Siouan traditional narratives of migration. The material from Wallace Bottom and the neighboring Lake Dumond site also reflect continental scale interaction during the era in which the Quapaws and contemporary native societies of the historic period were taking form.
Este estudio es el resultado de las excavaciones arqueológicas en el sitio histórico de la Casa del Tesoro Real de Popayán. En el trabajo se analizan desde la arqueología histórica la importancia de la ceca para el Nuevo Reino de Granada (Audiencia de Quito). Allí se fundió moneda de oro y plata durante los siglos XVIII y XIX hasta su ocaso en la Independencia y República. El edificio fue ocupado por militares y policía hasta tener que demolerse por los estragos del sismo de 1983. Hoy se construye el conjunto arquitectónico del Centro de Convenciones de Popayán (CCP). En este estudio encontrarán aspectos históricos, detalles de excavación e interpretación de los resultados. Planos+fotos+diseños+ilustraciones.
The fossil pollen contents found in the charred dottle residue from 20 clay pipe bowls recovered from a cesspit at a house in Amsterdam, the Netherlands (which was owned and used by the artist Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn), were collected and studied. The clay pipes date from approximately the same period when Rembrandt lived in the house and used the cesspit. We believe that some of the pollen in the dottle residue may have come from the tobacco, some possibly from airborne sources at Rembrandt's house and/or from debris in the cesspit in which the pipes were discarded. The results are compared with a similar study of pipe dottle from Native American clay pipes conducted more than 25 years ago. We also briefly review the origin and spread of domestic tobacco in an effort to determine potential sources of the tobacco imported and used in the Netherlands during the lifetime of Rembrandt and the period when he occupied the house. The pollen content of modern brands of commercial pipe tobacco is studied and the potential for using pollen found in tobacco products as evidence in forensic circumstances is reviewed.
Phase I and II archaeological investigations were conducted within the Texasgulf Chemical Company project area, Beaufort County, North Carolina. Two sites were identified, 31BF115 and 31BF117. Both contained prehistoric components and 31BF115 had an historic component. Surface and subsurface prehistoric cultural material deposits, including features, were located at 31BF115. No features were found at 31BF117. In-ground historic structural remains and three possible historic burials were identified at 31BF115. The prehistoric components in the two sites have settlement histories which are primarily affiliated with the Woodland period, circa 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1650. Both of the sites were mainly inhabited during the Late Woodland period, A.D. 800 to 1650, Colington phase. The 31BF115 historic component appeared to be primarily from the eighteenth century and was associated with early residences and plantations operated near the town of Bath. 31BF115 is recommended to have cultural significance and it is considered to have potential for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. Avoidance of adverse impact is recommended, or, if not possible, data recovery research should be undertaken.
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