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Social Statistics in Use.
... Under these programs, and for the first time in American history, land use surveys of this scale were conducted. The Chicago Land Use Survey, for example, employed about 10,000 people during its operation and covered over 20,000 city blocks and 212 square miles of urban area [36] (pp. 239-240). ...
Although the tradition of surveying and analyzing urban land uses for town planning purposes dates back to the 19th century, the evolution of survey methods has not been studied in detail. With the intention of filling this gap, the present article reviews the pertinent Anglo-American literature on survey methods, published from the beginning of the 20th century to date, and highlights the key contributions. Additionally, it proposes a periodization of the methodological evolution in three phases and identifies the main discussions developed on survey methodology, so as to provide a basis for more structured research on the subject matter.
... Online or virtual communities have existed for more than 25 years, and nowadays 20 of them have more than 100 million active users (including Instagram, QZone, WeChat, QQ, LinkedIn, Whatsapp and Facebook). Facebook now has the highest population in the world with 1.5 billion users (Statista, 2015). DiMauro, Auditore, and Bulmer (2012) stated that nearly 80% of Internet users have already participated in a discussion on virtual communities using one of these social platforms. ...
Social media intelligence is a strategic knowledge source for decision and performance for firms, knowledge from customers, products and the market. From both information systems (IS) and marketing perspectives, an important issue is the understanding of the main factors that lead to disengagement of members in social media platforms or virtual communities. If engagement has been well studied, disengagement has been almost ignored. A literature review shows that so far only two studies have examined disengagement in a virtual community context. Given that such a major aspect of online firms’ success has so far been ignored, the following question is posed: what are the factors of disengagement within a virtual community? In order to answer the research question, we conducted a survey-based empirical study on actual members of virtual communities. We used component-based Partial Least Squares (PLS) method to analyse the 268 answers. Our results show that a lack of individual valorisation and affection influences disengagement within virtual communities. We also identified that a lack of links between the brand and the community members influences disengagement.
... One of the earliest efforts dates back to the American Statistical Association's reanalysis of the 1850 census data (cf. Hauser, 1975). This tradition has continued into the present as exemplified by the numerous reanalyses of the so-called Coleman Report (Coleman et al., 1966) dealing with the effects of desegregated education (Mosteller & Moynihan, 1972). ...
Argues that it is becoming increasingly important for psychologists to archive their research data so that it can be reexamined and reanalyzed by others. The utility of such secondary analysis rests on the growing cost, complexity, and social significance of psychological research; its value for the field has already been demonstrated. Nevertheless, it is often difficult or impossible to obtain research data. A number of contributory reasons involving research competence, subjects' privacy, proprietary rights, and costs are discussed. Recommendations for dealing with these problems and for the establishment of data archives are presented. (40 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
This article proposes a unifying theory, or Golden Rule, of forecasting. The Golden Rule of Forecasting is to be conservative. A conservative forecast is consistent with cumulative knowledge about the present and the past. To be conservative, forecasters must seek out and use all knowledge relevant to the problem, including knowledge of methods validated for the situation. Twenty-eight guidelines are logically deduced from the Golden Rule. A review of evidence identified 105 papers with experimental comparisons; 102 support the guidelines. Ignoring a single guideline increased forecast error by more than two-fifths on average. Ignoring the Golden Rule is likely to harm accuracy most when the situation is uncertain and complex, and when bias is likely. Non-experts who use the Golden Rule can identify dubious forecasts quickly and inexpensively. To date, ignorance of research findings, bias, sophisticated statistical procedures, and the proliferation of big data, have led forecasters to violate the Golden Rule. As a result, despite major advances in evidence-based forecasting methods, forecasting practice in many fields has failed to improve over the past half-century.
This paper attempts to discuss how the Singapore Education System is shifting towards student-centred designs and pedagogies, yet retaining a unique Singaporean orientation. It complements the McKinsey report by analysing directives and efforts to understand trade-offs, consequences, and insights for moving forward. The paper uses an ecological view to acknowledge that education systems are complex—historical, contextual, and cultural dimensions shape Singapore’s trajectory. Building on understandings of high-performing systems, Singapore’s trajectory, and informed by education research, the paper distils three shifts (from a systems level of analyses) which are currently on course: (1) hybridising pedagogies; (2) levelling up the base of lower achieving students; and (3) recognising diverse talents. The paper postulates a gradual, evolutionary stance and for continuing dialogue and alignments in the change process. The paper draws implications by proposing mitigating approaches in Singapore’s continuing journey of balancing high academic achievements and twenty first century, inquiry-oriented learning.
Studied child and single-parent functioning in 799 families following legalization of the adoption of a child with special needs. Ss completed a 15-page questionnaire addressing emotional, behavioral, educational, and ecological areas of functioning. Differences in ethnicity and in educational achievement were noted between single parents and couples. Most single mothers adopted female, older, non-White, and mentally retarded children. Children in single-parent homes experienced fewer emotional and behavioral problems than did children in 2-parent homes, although both groups showed serious difficulties in these areas. Children who had experienced group-home or psychiatric placement prior to adoption managed particularly well in single-parent adoptions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
The primary objective of this paper has been to provide a broadened framework for combining economic and demographic planning in a way which is also consistent with planning and accounting models developed and employed by both demographers and economists. In addition we also want to have this same framework available for extension to other types of multi-dimensional social-economic planning possibilities. One set of such examples may be found in the work by Stone [28], Wilson and Rees [34] and the United Nations' current program for developing systems of social and demographic accounts for possible use in new and improved approaches to country development planning. Another example, which, though broader, is also somewhat more theoretical may be found in [25] where explixit use is made of the E matrix for linking economic and demographic dimensions in planning applications.
In this paper we have focused on Leontief-type analyses, extended to provide demographic linkages, because we want to adapt some of the sharper concepts of economics (e.g., Pareto optimality) to provide additional assistance for guiding and coordinating eco-demographic planning interactions. To be sure, such concepts are of interest in their own right, as when, say, an improvement in conditions for fulfilling career aspirations may cause a wrosening in one or more components of final demand. They are also of interest for other reasons as well. In particular they are of interest as an alternative to only empirical extrapolations or predictions for long range plans especially when, as we show here, they can yield relatively stable guides for longer range plans.
The idea, of course, is to utilize these “stable” patterns in relatively flexible ways and not for the purpose of only imposing a supposedly coherent regimen on all subsequent activities in an economy-or other such social unit. This means that some idea of the significance of these guidelines and their potential alterations must also be available. It is to this end that our kind of theoretical underpinning is supplied. On the one hand, it provides access to a well thought over body of concepts, e.g., from the main body of welfare economics. On the other hand, it supplies access to manipulative and computational power which is readily available from demographic as well as economic analysis in ways that can be readily implemented via modern electronic computational facilities, etc.
Other extensions are also in order, of course, and may be effected via stochastic formulations to deal with items like labor turnover and considerations of inter-sectoral and occupational mobility and employment. Growth and other phenomena which relate to demographic as well as economic dimensions will also need to be essayed but these are best left aside for subsequent treatments which can consider them separately with more explicit attention to other “quality of life” dimensions to which they are evidently related25.
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