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Lasbela, U. J.Sci.Techl., Vol. VI, pp.186-189, 2017 ISSN 2306-8256
REVIEW ARTICLE
Comprehension Study on Phytochemicals and Antibacterial
Activity of Aloe Vera Barbadensis Found in Different Regions of
Balochistan
Sana Sadaf1, Muhammad Sharif Jamali1, Muhammad Hashim Jan1, Khalid Mehmood1,
Zahid Mehmood1, Muhammad Anwar1, Mudassir Israr2, Ali Akbar3*
1Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
2Department of Botany, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
3Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
Abstract: - Aloe Vera has been tremendous herb plant since history to the present world era.
Botanically Aloe Vera plant belongs to Liliaceae family, Aloe vera barbadensis. It is very well known for its
massive medicinal properties and wide application in skin care clinics. It has numerous biochemical activities
and phytochemical properties. Aloe Vera contains essential minerals and vitamins such as K, Cl, and Vitamin C
and E respectively. .It is very effective in many ways and much beneficial for human health. It has great
antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-fungal property. It has the best healing ability then other plant. It can
heal the wounds very rapidly. It also helps to reduce constipations. Many researchers have been declared about
the anti cancer property of Aloe plant. Other than that it can also used to treat against diabetes. In short it
provides countless benefits to the human with no adverse side effects. It plays vital role in an economy of a
country because of its much uses in cosmetics and medicine.
Keywords aloe vera, medicinal uses, antibacterial, food preservations.
INTRODUCTION
Aloe Vera has been very worthy
plant from its historical back ground it has
been reported as one of the oldest plant
because it has been used for skin diseases
treatment for its and anti-therapeutic
property for thousands of years. This
documentation has been revealed from 3500
BC in an Egyptian papyrus (Crosswhite and
Crosswhite et al., 1984). Medicinal effect of
aloe vera was enhanced by Greek
philosopher Artistotle, whereas Bible has
shown much of the references. It has been a
popular herb plant in Chinese and Ayurvedic
medicine. Aloe Vera is found to be cool and
best moisturizer for skin and its clear gel
assist to finish constipation. It has been also
used in Arabic folk medicines in order to get
rid from headache they used to rub aloe gel
and its leave on the for head and the gel was
used on body for releasing temperature, it
was the best remedy for them to use in the
treatment laxative and wound healing
(Ghazanfar et al., 1994). The aloe gel is
being used in cosmetics, skin care products,
sun blocks and in tooth paste (Grindlay and
*Corresponding author: aliakbar.uob@gmail.com
Reynolds et al., 1986). As far as the
physiology of aloe vera plant is concern it
has fleshy leaves full of gel, it has also
known for so many common names such as
plant of immorality, lily of the desert,
magical plant and so on (Cheesbrough et al.,
2000). Aloe vera leaf has two parts one is the
green bitter leaf and second is the clear gel
both contains numbers of biochemical (Tyler
et al., 1993). It also contains a yellowish
substance called alloin produces a bitter
taste. Whole gel leaf takes about 70 to 80 %
of the plant that comprises on full of water
and therefore known as plant of energy it
needs very less water to grow it grows in a
very warm area its indigenous plant of
Africa, Arabs and in India (Boudreaue and
Belanf et al., 2006).
Historical back ground
Aloe vera clay tablets has been
introduced by Egyptian papyrus which were
used to cured skin infections laxative and
wound healing (Shelton et al., 1990). The
ancient beauty queen Cleopatra loved to use
aloe gel to maintain her fitness and enhance
her beauty in order to look young and
beautiful she used aloe gel much as her
187
beauty products (Haller et al., 1990). Now a
day’s aloe Vera plant and its gel uses are
remarkable it’s being used throughout the
world as medicinal plant and as well as in
cosmetics, beauty products and skin care
treatment.
Chemical composition
Aloe Vera is much rich as
chemically it has countless bio compounds
bioactivity. It also contains essential
vitamins like vitamin C and E. The major
part of plant is gel and the gel is composed
of antioxidants, vitamin B12, and folic acid
(Coats et al., 1997).
Saponins
Aloe Vera gel naturally rich in soapy
material the gel is naturally much soapy
Anti-inflammatory and healing property of
aloe Vera is because of the hormones Auxins
and gibberellins present in gel.
Phytochemical composition Therefore, it
shows antiseptic and cleaning property
(Surjushe et al., 2008).
Hormones
Aloe Vera plant known for its
massive phytochemical activity and
composition. It contains enzymes such as
cellulase, amylase, allinase, and catalase.
Plenty of minerals are found in aloe gel and
its leaf the minerals are including as iron,
sodium, calcium, magnesium, s, and zinc..
Aloe composition also has some essential
amino acids too it
serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid,
asparagine, and arginine.
Antifungal activity
Aloe Vera has great resistance
against fungi. Aloe gel can inhibit the growth
of penicillium, development of mycelium
Rhizoctonia saloni and this proved that aloe
gel worked against as plant pathogenic fungi.
Wound healing property
Aloe Vera has the best healing
ability that no any other plant has it heals the
wounds and burn so quickly and rapidly.
Importance of aloe Vera as healing effect can
be determined by the historical example that
the Alexander the great need to cure his
injured soldiers in order to safe aloe vera
plant he captured the island of Socotra in the
Indian Ocean (Atherton et al., 1998). The
mechanism behind the healing wounds so
quickly is the acceleration that is followed by
the aloe gel that enhance the collagen
extension (Chithra et al., 1998).
Antibacterial activity
Like above all aloe Vera shows great
antibacterial activity against common
bacteria for example E.coli and
Staphylococcus aureus. Its gel contains best
antibacterial property therefore aloe Vera gel
is being used in antibacterial soap, tooth
paste, mouth wash, hand sanitizers, and in
many more products (Haggers et al., 1979).
Anti-aging effect
Aloe Vera called as magical plant in
dermatology because of its amazing beauty
results aloe vera is being used in 95% of the
skin care products because the gel itself
contain much moisturizer that can assist the
skin for being dry and also keep it fresh
healthy and glowing. It can also eradicate
aging effect dead skin cell and it keeps skin
less wrinkled (West and Zhu et al., 2003).
Anti-inflammatory
As like antifungal and antibacterial
activity aloe Vera shows good anti-
inflammatory activity too. Aloe gel has great
resistance in inflammatory bowel disease.
Anti-oxidants
Aloe Vera has massive antioxidants
effects. The enzymes include superoxide
dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase activity
and phenolic anti-oxidants. This can help to
transport blood oxygen and nutrients more
effectively to the body.
Uses and applications
Aloe Vera has grandly applications
in human’s welfare. Whether its
cosmetology, medicines, pharmaceutical
drugs, food preservations and much more.
Medicinal uses of aloe plant
From ancient history it is believed
that aloe Vera gel and plant was the best
remedy for any kind of treatment. Apart
from above mentioned benefits aloe also has
good medicinal effect it prevents
constipation very effectively. It helps to
reduce weight in case of obesity (Mehala and
Moorthy et al., 2008). It is very effective on
skin exposure aloe gel protect the skin from
UV rays and skin burn (Eshun and He et al.,
188
2004). Aloe gel contains anthraquinones
which is feasible in laxative effect and
enhance the intestinal peristalsis.
Food uses and preservations
Aloe Vera leaf and gel has been used
as an essential part of food factory it is being
used in many beauty drinks, juices and tea
(Gage et al., 1996). Aloe Vera food
supplements, nutrients supplements are
available in the market in order to bring
betterment in public health (Serrano et al.,
2006). Aloe gel or its pulp can be used to
preserve the food because the gel doesn’t
change the taste of the food and quality so
it’s very friendly, cheap and safe ingredient
for the preservation of food.
Cosmetology uses
Plant of immorality, beauty iconic
and magical plants are some of the names
given to aloe Vera plat because of its un
believable effects for skin and beauty. Aloe
Vera gel extract or whole leaf can be used.
(Davis et al .,1991). Aloe vera gel
commercial available in the market in the
concentrations up to 1 to 98%. (Henry et al.,
1979). Economically aloe Vera is very
important because of its wide applications in
terms of products.
CONCLUSION
Aloe Vera can promote large amount
of utilizations as aloe Vera is medicinal plant
so its growth is important in order to have its
plenty of supply. Aloe gel is so cool it keeps
the body temperature so down it has bitter
taste which is very effective in diabetic
patients. It is the friendly plant it can grow in
any type of soil therefore It can face the lack
of water and rain. Much aloe Vera
production means much investment in
economy of a country and much benefits out
of it. Further investigation must be
conducted in order to maintain its feasibility
and to know more about its benefits. It will
be very beneficial if its tissue culturing be
done on a high level to have the backup of
the plants when it’s not available. Indeed,
much efforts are needed by the researchers to
prolong its value and growth.
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Received July 15th, Accepted October 09, 2017
Manuscript can be viewed online at: http://www.lujst.com/
