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An Investigation of Attention-Seeking Behavior through Social Media Post Framing
Abstract
The rise in the use of social networking sites (SNSs) and the very nature of a medium which provides users with a platform to create both a favorable image for ones’ self and the relationships that are perceived as valuable is worthy of investigating as these relationships are becoming as complimentary or as necessary as interpersonal or face-to-face contact. Social networking sites are a means of conveying ideas, dissent, comradery, and emotions all crafted by a user with the intent of emoting a specific response from their followers or friends. The current research suggests that SNS users seek various types of feedback as a result of the communication created by them in the form of social media posts. For the purpose of this research Facebook was used to a) collect data about social media usage b) analyze predictors of social behavior and c) look at the connection between attention-seeking behavior and social media.
... Social media platforms provide both immediate and continued interaction (Conroy et al., 2012). In fact, in today's age, online relationships have become as important as face-to-face communications (Edwards, 2016) and people have been preferring the use of social media platforms for interactions between family, friends, and acquaintances (Kuss & Griffiths, 2017). ...
... Social media addiction, a form of behavioral addiction, is related to a lack of self-esteem (Malik & Khan, 2015), hostility, depression (Widyanto & Griffiths, 2006), lower grade point scores in academics (Choi, 2018), among other mental health effects (Sujarwoto et al., 2019). Moreover, addiction is more possible when reinforcement is given immediately and this occurs with social media since it utilizes the behavior-feedback loop (Edwards, 2016). The impact of social media can vary based on the level of self-control a person has, the frequency with which one engages with social media platforms, and the time spent on the platforms once utilized (Grau et al., 2019;Martin et al., 2013). ...
... Therefore, when deciding to examine a defining aspect of narcissism for the paper, the question was retrieved from NPI-16. The NPI-16 assesses self-esteem, extroversion, dominance, and self-importance (Edwards, 2016;Corry et al., 2008). Research on narcissism mainly focuses on the two antagonistic traits of grandiosity and attentionseeking (Wright et al., 2013). ...
Social media platforms, utilized by many, is a topic of interest for researchers. Similarly, narcissism, which has a relationship with social media addiction is also of interest. The current study examined the relationship between perceived social media addiction, age/year, and a specific aspect of narcissism, attention-seeking desire. This is the first study to the best of the researcher's knowledge that has examined the variables in conjunction and has examined students from the Middle East, specifically, a Gulf country. Perceived social media addiction was divided into low, medium, and high. Although previous studies examined age with narcissistic tendencies, such as attention-seeking behavior, the current study looked at smaller age ranges, with each age range corresponding to a specific university year (Freshman, Sophomore, Junior, Senior). Results indicated that although perceived social media addiction was not a significant predictor of attention-seeking desire, Freshman students were five times more likely to define themselves as attention-seeking compared to Senior year students. This finding may be due to the age difference between the two years, or it may be related to the transitions that students in these years are experiencing.
... They spent more time in social network which leaves them unproductive. Being always engage in social media for constant attention they lack in potential and productivity which are essential for the psychological, social and economical well-being of an individual (Edwards, 2017) They become sedentary in their lifestyle which in turn makes them suffer from some physical ailments. They want others to envy them so they end up pretending to live luxuriously which in turn avert them to enjoy the resources and happiness existing in their real life. ...
Attention seeking acts as a barrier from experiencing inner happiness. Happiness is about more than simply the experience of a positive mood. Happiness is a subjective experience and there is no common factor which gives happiness to all. The search for happiness is unique for each and every individual and it is explained by each individual in their own frame of reference. People who are high in attention seeking find happiness only by capturing the attention of others. Most of the human beings strive for attention and recognition of others in one or another occasion. Enjoying the attention of others is socially acceptable in some situations. But the problem arises when the attention seeking tendency crosses the threshold. The extremity of attention seeking leads to complications in life. If the behaviours elicited by the attention seekers fail to grab the attention of others, it makes them feel frustrated. And it also makes them to engage in behaviours which can be both positive and negative, whether it is liked by them or not which in turn again fails to make them feeling happy if it again fails to meet the criteria of attention seekers. So for high attention seekers, they have to depend on others for their happiness which lacks in turn is dubious for experiencing happy. So high attention seekers are restricted to happiness what the average individuals enjoy in their life. This paper is an attempt to study how the trait of attention seekers limited themselves to the particular factor for experiencing happiness. Key words: Attention seeking, Behaviour, Happiness, Contentment, Frustration.
... Both strategies play a role in maintaining social media users' egos and, as a consequence, nudge them to overuse social media platforms (Buffardi and Campbell 2008;Hawk et al. 2019;Panek, Nardis, and Konrath 2013). Findings by Edwards (2016) suggest that attention seeking narcissistic behaviour of social media users stems from the need for response-based social interaction, which encourages them to demonstrate behaviour similar to the one associated with FoMO. Previous work examined the impact of motivational variables on FoMO such as adjustment (Alt 2018), surface learning (Alt and Boniel-Nissim 2018b), general mood (Przybylski et al. 2013), envy (Yin et al. 2021), but little is know about the impact of attention seeking behaviour on FoMO. ...
The rise of social media platforms has changed human communication once and forever and consequently, has triggered an array of emotions such as fear of missing out (FoMO). In two different studies, this paper investigated individual differences, psychological and social media motivational variables as predictors of FoMO. The paper also sought to test whether FoMO will have a negative impact on academic performance above and beyond social media engagement and social media addiction. Using a structural equation modelling (SEM) along with multiple mediation analysis, the results indicated that perceived excessive social media content generation, attention seeking, and personality variables significantly predicted FoMO controlling for individual differences and social media activity such as Instagram followers, Twitter followers, as well as WhatsApp engagement level. Furthermore, the biological sex of the individual was found to moderate the relationship between attention seeking and FoMO. Findings also indicated that FoMO had a positive impact on both social media engagement and social media addiction. Parallel mediation analysis revealed that FoMO had a negative effect on academic performance above and beyond social media addiction.
... The world that we live in today depends on how we are judged by our social circle and by society at large seeking to be like the other (Baumeister and Leary 1995). Our opinions and our identity today depends on our reward driven obsessive system wherein our natural tendency to logical questioning gets discouraged and we are rewarded for actions that we often don't see the meaning of and become dedicated to seeking approval of others (Edwards 2017). Our whole purpose of life is the life of others, which comes with reward based conditioning at an early age. ...
... On the other hand, graphics and pictures are not readily available to contribute to a conversation. Wagner (2017) and Edward (2017) agree that texts are the major means of framing to motivate user interaction because they create a more dialogic context. Social media users have mastered the art of framing posts and know how the message posted can drive a narrative along their lines of thought and judgement. ...
Dance is a major form of bodily expression among communities and age grades and any society without dance could be dangerous for human habitation. It is from this perspective that this article appraises the symbols in the dances of the Anioma people of Delta State, Nigeria (Aguba of Ubulu-uku, Egwu Otta of Asaba, Okanga of Ibusa, Egwu Amala of Ndokwa and Ile Wonder of Umunede) to highlight their significance to the wellbeing of the people. The intention is to embark on an ethnographic journey into the semiotics and imageries of selected Anioma dances which in turn can be traced to the history of the communities they are located. The interviews and surveys will, hopefully, help to clarify some grey areas for researchers and traditional dance enthusiasts. The historical and sociological approaches of the qualitative method of research were employed in carrying out the study.
Keywords: Semiotics, Indigenous Anioma dances, Images and symbols, Communication art
Introduction
The diversity in Nigerian dances
The authors investigated the need for approval among the social networking users. A total of 100 participants participated in the study voluntarily. These subjects (50 males and 50 females) were divided into 4 age groups ranging from 20-40 years. This age range comprised of youth and middle-aged male and female who are the harbingers and most loyal users of social networking sites. These participants were administered Approval Motive Scale (Tripathi & Tripathi, 1980). The independent t-analysis revealed greater approval motive for participants who spent more time on social networking sites. The findings were discussed in the light of existing literature. The limitations and suggestions of the research study undertaken have also been discussed.
With the rise of social media in people’s lives, the tendency to donate through social media platforms has increased tremendously. The positive attitudes of social media users towards online charity initiatives, such as ALS Ice Bucket Challenge, are also gaining traction. Therefore, it is of great value for the charitable organizations to identify the motivational factors that encourage social media users to participate in blatant benevolence. Drawing on costly signalling and self-presentation theories, this study undertakes a multi-method approach with the aim to explore social media users’ motivation of posting prosocial behaviour on social media platforms by identifying the antecedents of blatant benevolence. Using the interview data from 126 social media users, the study first applies rigorous grounded theory analysis to identify factors that lead to blatant benevolence, and subsequently employs a survey method approach, comprising data from 342 social media users, to empirically test the factors identified. Our findings show that desire for social network enhancement and warm glow attainment are the significant drivers that motivate people to post prosocial behaviours on social media. Theoretical and practical implications of our findings for social media behaviour researchers and charity organizations are also discussed in the paper.
The aim of this research is to conduct a validity and reliability study of the Selfie Attitude Scale (SAS) in university students. In the study, data were collected from a total of 210 university students. The Selfie Attitude Scale and Selfitis Behavior Scale were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by Keiser-Meyer Olkin and Bartlett’s test of sphericity, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), independent samples t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient techniques. According to the CFA, the factor loads of 28 items of the SAS ranged from .27 to .88, and the error variances ranged from .22 to .93. The fit indices of the SAS are as follows: X2/df= 1.75, p= .00, RMSEA= .074, SRMR= .070, NFI= .93, NNFI= .97, and CFI= .97. It was observed that the correlation values calculated between the total and subscale scores of the SAS and the total and subscale scores of the SBS ranged between .63 and .88. It was also found that the scores obtained from the SAS decisively distinguish between those who have taken less selfies and those who have taken a lot of selfies. The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of the SAS was .93. This value was calculated to be .91 for the SAS-Positive Experiences on Selfie Subscale (PES), .90 for the SAS-Negative Experiences on Prevention (NEP). The test-retest correlation coefficients is .80 for SAS, .83 for SAS-PES, and .70 for SAS-NEP were found. The researchs findings were discussed according to literature and recommendations were given to researchers and practitioners.
Bu araştırmanın amacı Özçekim Tutum Ölçeği’nin (ÖTÖ) üniversite öğrencilerinde geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasını yapmaktır. Çalışmada toplam 210 üniversite öğrencisinden veri toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında ÖTÖ ve Selfitis Davranış Ölçeği (SDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Keiser-Meyer Olkin ve Bartlett küresellik testi, Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA), ilişkisiz örneklemler için t-testi ve Pearson korelasyon katsayısı teknikleriyle çözümlenmiştir. DFA sonuçlarına göre ÖTÖ’nün 28 maddesinin faktör yüklerinin .27 ile .88; hata varyanslarının .22 ile .93 arasında değiştiği görülmüştür. ÖTÖ’nün uyum indeksleri şöyledir: X2/df= 1.75, p= .00, RMSEA= .074, SRMR= .070, NFI= .93, NNFI= .97 ve CFI= .97. ÖTÖ toplam ve alt ölçek puanları ile SDÖ toplam ve alt ölçek puanları arasında hesaplanan korelasyon değerlerinin .63 ile .88 arasında değiştiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, ÖTÖ’nün az özçekim yapanlarla çok özçekim yapanları ayırt ettiği saptanmıştır. Ölçeğin 28 maddesinden alınan toplam puanın Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı .93’tür. Bu değer ÖTÖ-Özçekime Yönelik Olumlu Yaşantılar (ÖYOY) Alt Ölçeği için .91, ÖTÖ-Engellenmeye Yönelik Olumsuz Yaşantılar (EYOY) Alt Ölçeği için .90 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Test-tekrar test korelasyon katsayıları ise ÖTÖ için .80, ÖTÖ-ÖYOY için .83 ve ÖTÖ-EYOY için .70 bulunmuştur. Araştırma bulguları alanyazına bağlı kalarak tartışılmış ve araştırmacı ve uygulayıcılara öneriler verilmiştir.
Advances in digital technology, especially social media, have brought
changes to human life. One of the impacts of social media is the
practice of sharing, which is the publication of photos or videos about
caring for their children on social networks. This sharing practice raises
various opinions and further studies, one of which is sharing from an
Islamic perspective whose studies are still limited. Therefore, this study
examines the practice of sharenting through an Islamic perspective,
which includes parenting in Islam, sharing as a means of da'wah, 'ain in
sharing, sincerity in sharing, and friendship in sharing. The method used
in this study is a literature review. The results of data analysis concluded
that sharing from an Islamic perspective is allowed by considering the
concept of parenting in Islam, allowed by considering sincere attitudes,
sharing has the potential as a means of da'wah, a medium of friendship
but also has the potential to cause 'ain disease.
A reasons for Internet Use Questionnaire was developed to examine the relationship between internet use, social anxiety, general anxiety, and depression. Research suggests that socially anxious individuals may find it easier to interact online where anonymity can be maintained rather than engage in face to face interaction where being observed by others might induce a fear of negative evaluation. In line with the self-regulation model, it was hypothesised that social anxiety, low ego strength, anxiety and depression, would be related to use of the internet to cope with social fears. The results were partially in line with the hypothesis. Implications of these findings are discussed.
The preponderance of social networking sites such as Facebook, Youtube and others, have altered the way in which people interact socially in the real world. In fact, much more can be said about the impact of these modern technologies on the basic structure of human personality: the id, ego, and super-ego. The paper proposes a psychosological theory that modifies Sigmund Freud's (1923) basic relationships and interactions of the id, ego and super-ego in his Psychoanalytic Theory. It is claimed that an individual's engagement with virtual reality (social networking) portends a segregation of the super-ego from the id and ego. In a virtual world, social interactions are not constrained by societal norms and standards (super-ego) so that the tendency is for the id (instincts and drives) to merge with the ego (what is real) and they become indistinguishable. The sociological implications of this theory are also explored in this paper.
This study reexamined the concept of interactivity and proposed that interactivity be defined as the extent to which the communicator and the audience respond to each other's communication need. Interactivity was construed as consisting of five dimensions: 1) playfulness, 2) choice, 3) connectedness, 4) information collection, and 5) reciprocal communication. Web sites for products, services, and retail outlets appeared to differ significantly in terms of connectedness, information collection, and reciprocal communication.
In this study, we examined the prevalence of recording and posting illegal material among 442 young adult undergraduates (aged 18-27) and the relationship between the frequency of this behavior, social media use, antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Overall, 13% of the sample had posted illegal activity (underage drinking, lewd behavior, or other illegal activity) and 28% had recorded (or been present when someone else recorded) lewd or other illegal activity. Prevalence rates were higher among those who used social media excessively and those who met criteria for ASPD or BPD. However, in logistic regression analyses, only social media use and ASPD emerged as unique predictors of posting and recording illegal material. Thus, there appear to be at least two separate routes to recording and/or posting illegal material. One fairly innocuous route is the excessive use of social media, which may desensitize individuals and hinder their ability to apply appropriate filters. Another more ominous route is a pervasive psychological disorder (ASPD), which is associated with lifelong recklessness, impulsivity, and lack of empathy. For either route, education on the lifelong ramifications of digital media is imperative.
In what ways do online groups help to foster political engagement among citizens? We employ a multi-method design incorporating content analysis of online political group pages and original survey research of university undergraduates (n = 455) to assess the relationship between online political group membership and political engagement—measured through political knowledge and political participation surrounding the 2008 election. We find that participation in online political groups is strongly correlated with offline political participation, as a potential function of engaging members online. However, we fail to confirm that there is a corresponding positive relationship between participation in online political groups and political knowledge, likely due to low quality online group discussion.
This paper explores the role played by habit in shaping audience behavior through an analysis of Nielsen audience data. Through the use of a structural equation model, comparisons, are made between individuals’ weekday and weekend viewing patterns to determine if similarities persist despite the structural and programmatic differences in those time periods. Results indicate that habit plays a significant role in viewing behavior.
This study explores two major theoretical positions concerning social and parasocial interaction. The Deficiency paradigm predicts that individuals most likely to engage in high television consumption and. high parasocial interaction are those who seek compensation for an impoverished social life resulting from certain personality characteristics. The Global‐Use paradigm posits that media use behavior need not be governed by such a compensation motive. The results of an empirical test indicated that the Deficiency paradigm prevailed when sheer amounts of viewing were considered. When it came to parasocial interaction, the Global‐Use paradigm received more support. Theoretical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.