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Abstract

Taxonomy of the Postia caesia complex is revised based on morphology and two genetic markers, ITS and tef1. In total, we recognize 24 species, multiplying the known species diversity in the complex. We provide descriptions for 20 temperate Northern Hemisphere taxa. Identity of the core species, P. caesia, is re-established, and a neotype from the type locality is selected. Four new combinations are proposed, and 10 new species are described: P. arbuti, P. auricoma, P. bifaria, P. comata, P. cyanescens, P. glauca, P. livens, P. magna, P. populi, and P. yanae.
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... Morphologically, they are also very similar, with bluish-greyish caps, hirsute pileal surface, and a white pore surface when fresh, with similar pore sizes, but C. caesius differs in having slightly lighter-colored basidiocarps and narrower basidiospores (4.1-5.3 × 1.3-1.7 µm, Q = 3.18-3.29, [40]). Cyanosporus tianshanensis is closely related to C. cyanescens (Miettinen) B.K. Cui & Shun Liu and C. caesiosimulans (G.F. ...
... Atk.) B.K. Cui & Shun Liu in phylogenetic analyses. Morphologically, C. cyanescens and C. tianshanensis both have initially white-to-cream-colored upper surfaces with slight bluish-greyish hues, and lack pubescence, but C. cyanescens has larger pores (5-6 per mm) and narrower basidiospores (4.7-6.1 × 1.1-1.6 µm, Q = 3.92, [40]). Cyanosporus tianshanensis and C. caesiosimulans both have white-to-cream-colored upper surfaces; however, C. caesiosimulans differs with thicker basidiocarps (context 1-3 mm thick, tubes 1-3 mm long), larger pores (5-7 per mm), and narrower basidiospores (4.2-5.5 × 1.1-1.4 ...
... Cyanosporus tianshanensis and C. caesiosimulans both have white-to-cream-colored upper surfaces; however, C. caesiosimulans differs with thicker basidiocarps (context 1-3 mm thick, tubes 1-3 mm long), larger pores (5-7 per mm), and narrower basidiospores (4.2-5.5 × 1.1-1.4 µm, Q = 3.93, [40]). ...
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Brown-rot fungi are an important group of wood-decaying fungi, but there has been limited research on the species diversity of brown-rot fungi in Xinjiang, China. During an investigation of brown-rot fungi in Xinjiang, from July 2018 to July 2023, five new species belonging to the family Postiaceae were discovered based on morphological and molecular evidence. Amaropostia altaiensis is characterized by a conchate pileus, circular pores (5–8 per mm), and growing on Populus. Amaropostia tianshanensis is characterized by a flabelliform-to-conchate pileus, angular pores (5–6 per mm), and growing on Picfea. Cyanosporus latisporus is characterized by a hirsute and dark greyish blue pileal surface with fresh, larger pores (3–6 per mm) and broad basidiospores (4.3–5.9 × 1.4–2 µm). Cyanosporus tianshanensis is characterized by a smooth and white-to-cream pileal surface with fresh, smaller pores (6–9 per mm). Osteina altaiensis is characterized by a light mouse-grey-to-honey-yellow pileal surface, smaller pores (4–6 per mm), and slightly wide basidiospores (5–6 × 1.7–2.2 µm). Each of these five new species form independent lineages in phylogenetic analyses based on the seven gene loci (ITS + nLSU + nSSU + mtSSU + TEF1 + RPB1 + RPB2). This research enriches the diversity of brown-rot fungi species, while also demonstrating the substantial discovery potential and research value of brown-rot fungi in Xinjiang.
... Cyanosporus (McGinty) V. Papp for including the complex (involved five species: P. alni, P. caesia, P. luteocaesia, P. mediterraneocaesia, P. subcaesia). Miettinen et al. (2018) studied the Postia caesia complex based on phylogenetic and morphological analyses, selected a neotype of P. caesia (LY BR-6776 collected from Germany) from type locality and described ten new species in P. caesia complex. A recent molecular study on Postia s.l. and related genera in Shen et al. (2019), considered Cyanosporus and Postia were two different genera. ...
... Morphological descriptions are based on field notes and voucher specimens. The microscopic analysis follows Miettinen et al. (2018) and Wu et al. (2022a). Sections were studied at a magnification of up to 1000× using a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope and phase contrast illumination. ...
... Cyanosporus linzhiensis is phylogenetically related to C. magnus (Miettinen) B.K. Cui & Shun Liu, and both species have pileate basidiomata with white, velutinate and azonate pileal surface, almost the same size of pores (4-5 per mm in C. magnus vs. 5-6 per mm in C. linzhiensis, Miettinen et al. 2018), and they are recorded in China. However, the latter has distinct white pileal margin and narrower basidiospores (3.6-4.4 × 1-1.2 µm vs. 4-5 × 1.2-1.5 µm, Miettinen et al. 2018). ...
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Cyanosporus is a cosmopolitan genus characterized by effused-reflexed to pileate basidiomata with a bluish tint and allantoid to cylindrical basidiospores which are negative to weakly positive in Melzer’s reagent and Cotton Blue, causing a brown rot. Three new species of Cyanosporus, namely, C. linzhiensis, C. miscanthi and C. tabuliformis are described and illustrated. Phylogenies on Cyanosporus are reconstructed with seven loci DNA sequences including ITS, nLSU, nSSU, mtSSU, RPB1, RPB2 and TEF1 based on phylogenetic analyses combined with morphological examination. The description for the new species is given. The main morphological characteristics of all 38 accepted species in Cyanosporus are summarized.
... McGinty in some studies (Donk 1960;Lowe 1975). Subsequently, many species of the Postia caesia complex were discovered (David 1980;Miettinen et al. 2018). In recent years, phylogenetic studies proved that Cyanosporus contains Postia caesia complex, and many new Cyanosporus species were described (Shen et al. 2019;Liu et al. 2021aLiu et al. , 2022b. ...
... μm) and basidiospores (3.8-4.5 × 1-1.3 µm); C. yanae differs in having effused-reflexed or resupinate, pale ochraceous or bluish basidiomata, and smaller basidia (9-14 × 3.5-4.2 μm; Miettinen et al. 2018). ...
... More modern molecular studies have focused on phylogenetic relationships and species diversity of certain groups of polypores worldwide. Miettinen et al. (2012Miettinen et al. ( , 2018 Liu et al. (2023aLiu et al. ( , 2023b) explored the brown rot species diversity of the order Polyporales based on morphological, molecular, and divergence times evidence. updated the systematics of Trichaptum s.l., proposed two new families and twenty-eight combinations, and described ten new species. ...
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Polypores play a crucial role in energy recycling and forest regeneration in forest ecosystems. The majority of them are wood degraders; some are forest pathogens and others are ectomycorrhizal symbionts. The basidiocarps provide food and shelter for many organisms, mostly invertebrates, but also some vertebrates, as well as food and medicine for humans. Despite extensive research on the species diversity and phylogenetic relationships of polypores in recent years, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding of their distribution patterns and species composition at the large scale. Checklists of polypores from the tropical zone, including tropical Africa, tropical America, and tropical Asia, were analyzed for species diversity, distribution patterns, major taxa, and nutritional modes. A total of 1902 polypore species was found in the three regions, representing 8 orders, 46 families, and 250 genera of Agaricomycetes. The orders Polyporales (especially the family Polyporaceae) and Hymenochaetales (especially the family Hymenochaetaceae) had the most prolific taxa, with their species accounting for 93.4% of the total polypores listed. Each of 1565 (or 82.3%) of the total 1902 species were found in only one of the three regions studied, and we treat them temporarily as “regional endemic species”. Only 141 species were shared among all three regions, accounting for a mere 7.4%. Tropical Africa and tropical America had the greatest number of shared species and the highest Sørensen similarity index (SC) value. Tropical forests had a higher species richness compared with temperate to boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere, and in addition, also a higher proportion of white rot polypores compared to brown rot and ectomycorrhizal species. This study outlines the distribution patterns and species diversity of polypores in the world, shedding light on their ecological significance in diverse ecosystems.
... Morphological descriptions are based on field notes and voucher specimens. The microscopic analysis follows Miettinen et al. (2018) and Wu et al. (2022). Sections were studied at a magnification of up to 1000× using a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope and phase contrast illumination. ...
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Phylogenetic and morphological analyses on Perenniporia s.l. were carried out. Phylogenies on Perenniporia s.l. are reconstructed with two loci DNA sequences including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the large subunit (nLSU). Two new species from Yunnan Province, southwest China, Perenniporia prunicola and P. rosicola in Perenniporia s.l., are illustrated and described. Perenniporia prunicola is characterised by the perennial and resupinate basidiomata with a clay pink pore surface when fresh, a trimitic hyphal system, the presence of clavate to fusiform hymenial cystidia, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 4.8–6.2 × 3.6–4.5 µm. Perenniporia rosicola is characterised by annual and resupinate basidiomata with a white pore surface when fresh, a dimitic hyphal system, the presence of dendrohyphidia, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores measuring 5–5.8 × 4–5.2 μm. In addition, Crassisporus is a genus in Perenniporia s.l., in which two new combinations Crassisporus minutus and C. mollissimus are proposed. Main morphological characteristics of species related to new taxa are also provided.
... Herbarium acronyms are given according to Thiers (2021). Morphological study (i.e., pore and spore measuring techniques) follows Miettinen et al. (2018). All structures were measured from microscopic mounts in Cotton Blue (henceforth CB), using phase contrast and oil immersion lenses (Leitz Diaplan microscope, ×1 250 magnification). ...
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Based on seven-and three-gene datasets, we discuss four alternative approaches for a reclassification of Fomitopsidaceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota). After taking into account morphological diversity in the family, we argue in favour of distinguishing three genera only, viz. Anthoporia, Antrodia and Fomitopsis. Fomitopsis becomes a large genus with 128 accepted species, containing almost all former Fomitopsis spp. and most species formerly placed in Antrodia, Daedalea and Laccocephalum. Genera Buglossoporus, Cartilosoma, Daedalea, Melanoporia, Neolentiporus, alongside twenty others, are treated as synonyms of Fomitopsis. This generic scheme allows for morphologically distinct genera in Fomitopsidaceae, unlike other schemes we considered. We provide arguments for retaining Fomitopsis and suppressing earlier (Daedalea, Caloporus) or simultaneously published generic names (Piptoporus) considered here as its synonyms. Taxonomy of nine species complexes in the genus is revised based on ITS, ITS + TEF1, ITS + TEF1 + RPB1 and ITS + TEF1 + RPB2 datasets. In total, 17 species are described as new to science, 26 older species are reinstated and 26 currently accepted species names are relegated to synonymy. A condensed identification key for all accepted species in the genus is provided.
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Abstract: Five field surveys were carried out in Wenshan area, Yunnan Province, China during 2017–2021, and 2 923 specimens of wood-decaying fungi were collected. A checklist of wood-decaying fungi with their hosts and substrates is given. The taxa were identified in the light of their morphology and molecular evidence. The sequences of ITS nrRNA gene region of the studied specimens were generated and the phylogenetic analyses were performed with the maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The paper summarizes the obtained results of investigation on the wood-decaying fungi of this area, consisting of 104 species belonging to 55 genera, 18 families and 5 orders. Polyporales is the dominant order (51.92% of the total orders found in this area), and Polyporaceae is the dominant family (24.04% of the total) and Xylodon is the dominant genus (12.50% of the total). Keywords: Basidiomycota; biological resources; diversity; molecular systematics; Wenshan
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Some interesting findings from my master's thesis project in northern Sweden during late summer of 2022 are presented and compared with findings from an inventory of the same forest patches in 2017. Findings of Skeletocutis delicata, S. exilis and Fibroporia norrlandica are particularly interesting and are presented with morphological characteristics and notes on their ecology and distribution. Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift 44 (2): 2-9 2023
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A survey of trametoid fungi species from Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), located in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil (23o38’00”S-23o40’18”S, 46o36’48”W-46o38’08”W), was carried out. Fifteen species belonging to six genera were identified from the analysis of macro and micro morphology in which the dimensions of the basidiomata, texture, color, as well as, the size of hyphae, basidia, basidiospores and cystidia, were evaluated. The species are distributed in: Cerrena Gray (uma sp.), Funalia Pat. (1 sp.), Hexagonia Fr. (duas spp.), Lenzites Fr. (uma sp.), Podofomes Pouzar (duas spp.), Pycnoporus T. Karst. (uma sp.), and Trametes Fr. (sete spp). Trametes lactinea (Berk.) Sacc. was found as a new record for the State of São Paulo; Podofomes mollis (Sommerf.) Gorjón, P. stereoides (Fr.) Gorjón, Trametes cubensis (Mont.) Sacc., T. decipiens Bres. and T. neovillosa Fernandes & Gugliotta are reported for the first time from the locality. Identification key, descriptions and comments of the taxa studied are provided herewith. Keywords: Atlantic Forest; biodiversity; polypores; taxonomy
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Eight remarkable specimens of hydnoid corticioid fungi from the genus Steccherinum were collected in the Black Forest National Park, Southern Germany. After preliminary attributing these specimens to either Steccherinum tenuispinum or S. gracile, two other possible names for this species were identified after literature and type specimen studies. The oldest of the four available names is Hydnum pudorinum introduced by Fries in 1828. In this paper the new combination Steccherinum pudorinum (Fr.) Spirin & Popa comb. nov. is proposed for the species under focus, and three other names are put to its synonyms. Additionally, we succeeded in cultivating a strain that produces fertile fruiting bodies. The German vernacular name "Zarter Resupinat-stacheling" is proposed for the new combination and morphology and ecology of the species are discussed. The species has a wide distribution, but is overall rare and restricted to old-growth forests. In Germany, there is currently only a single record outside the Black Forest National Park and the Swabian Alps, which are also the westernmost records known to date, namely from the Bavarian Forest National Park. The latter record is also the earliest record of the species in Germany.
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Polyporales is strongly supported as a clade of Agaricomycetes, but the lack of a consensus higher-level classification within the group is a barrier to further taxonomic revision. We amplified nrLSU, nrITS and rpb1 genes across the Polyporales, with a special focus on the latter. We combined the new sequences with molecular data generated during the PolyPEET project and performed Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. Analyses of our final 3-gene dataset (292 Polyporales taxa) provide a phylogenetic overview of the order that we translate here into a formal family-level classification. Eighteen clades are assigned a family name, including three families described as new (Cerrenaceae fam. nov., Gelatoporiaceae fam. nov., Panaceae fam. nov.) and fifteen others (Dacryobolaceae, Fomitopsidaceae, Grifolaceae, Hyphodermataceae, Incrustoporiaceae, Irpicaceae, Ischnodermataceae, Laetiporaceae, Meripilaceae, Meruliaceae, Phanerochaetaceae, Podoscyphaceae, Polyporaceae, Sparassidaceae, Steccherinaceae). Three clades are given informal names (/hypochnicium,/climacocystis and/fibroporia+amyloporia). Four taxa (Candelabrochete africana, Mycoleptodonoides vassiljevae, Auriporia aurea and Tyromyces merulinus) cannot be assigned to a family within the Polyporales. The classification proposed here provides a framework for further taxonomic revision and will facilitate communication among applied and basic scientists. A survey of morphological, anatomical, physiological and genetic traits confirms the plasticity of characters previously emphasized in taxonomy of Polyporales.
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Polyporoid and corticioid fungi are among the most important wood-decay fungi. Not only do they contribute to nutrient cycling by decomposing wood debris, but they are also valuable sources for natural products. Polyporoid and corticioid wood-inhabiting fungi were investigated in Odaesan National Park. Fruit bodies were collected and identified based on morphological and molecular analyses using 28S and internal transcribed spacer regions of DNA sequences. As a result, a total of 149 species, 69 genera, 22 families, and 11 orders were recognized. Half (74 species) of the species were polypores, and the other half (75 species) were corticioid fungi. Most of the species belonged to Polyporales (92 species) followed by Hymenochaetales (33 species) and Russulales (11 species). At the genus level, a high number of species was observed from Steccherinum, Hyphodontia, Phanerochaete, Postia, and Trametes. Concerning distribution, almost all the species could be found below 1,000 m, and only 20% of the species were observed from above 1,000 m. Stereum subtomentosum, Trametes versicolor, T. hirsuta, T. pubescens, Bjerkandera adusta, and Ganoderma applanatum had wide distribution areas. Deciduous wood was the preferred substrate for the collected species. Sixty-three species were new to this region, and 21 species were new to Korea, of which 17 species were described and illustrated.
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