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Formulation and characterization of fast dissolving tablets of ciprofloxacin

January 2016

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The present study deals with the formulation of fast dissolving tablets by direct compression method using Ciprofloxacin HCL. The influence of superdisintegrants on the croscarmellose sodium and sodium starch glycolate on dissolution time, wetting time etc were studied. The prepared tablets were evaluated for weight variation, content, hardness, friability, thickness, diameter and In vitro disintegrants such as croscarmellose sodium and sodium starch glycolate are used in combinations with the drug, and the combination containing 60 mg of croscarmellose sodium and 60 mg of sodium starch glycolate showed faster dispersion time and maximum drug release in 14 min. ï¿½ 2016, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy. All rights reserved.

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Quality assessment of nine brands of metformin hydrochloride tablets marketed in Abuja, Nigeria

December 2021 · Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources

Metformin is a drug of first choice in management of type II diabetes mellitus and the Nigerian market is flooded with many brands of metformin tablets. The aim of this study is to assess the pharmaceutical quality of nine brands of metformin tablets circulating in pharmacy outlets in Abuja. The brands were assessed for uniformity in weight, hardness, friability, disintegration time and in vitro ... [Show full abstract] dissolution using official methods. The content of active ingredient was also determined spectrophotometrically. All the brands had weights within the official limits, hardness was found to differ across the brands with values ranging between 1.20 and 11.50 kgF. Friability values were between 0.00 and 2.25%, disintegration time was between 2.06 and 10.36 min and within official specifications for film-coated tablets. Drug release within 60 min was between 93 and 103%, however, one of the brands fell outside the lower limit of the official specification and therefore, failed the dissolution test. Similarly, all but one of the brands were within the official specification of the percent content of active ingredient. The results highlight the need to routinely carry out market surveillance on drug products so as to safeguard the health of patients.

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STUDY OF EFFECT OF VARIOUS DISINTEGRANTS ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND DISSOLUTION BEHAVIOR OF THE...

January 2002

Nedhal Ahmad Aldouri

The objective of this work was to study the efficiency of certain disintegrants in low levels on the physical characteristics and dissolution behavior of directly compressed tablets containing theophylline as a model drug. A directly compressible formula based on !,1vicel PH 102/Emcompress 1:1 weight ratio was used in the preparation of theophylline laQ!ets after being efficiently mixed together ... [Show full abstract] in a turbula mixer with or without the addition of disintegrants. The used disintegrants namely were cross-linked carboxymethylcellulose sodium (Ac-Di-Sol), sodium starch glycolate (Exp/a/ab), crosspovidone (Po/yplasidone XLJ O) and Starch 1500, in low concentrations from 1 to 4 %w/ w. The physical properties and the dissolution behavior of the directly compressed theophylline tablets were evaluated according to USP XXJIJ (1995) limits. All the formulations of theophylline tablets showed good mechanical properties and complied with the standard requirementsfor uniformity of dosage units and friability. Directly compressed theophylline tablets without disintegrants (control) gave longer disintegration time which exceeds 30 min (outside the limits of USP), and slow dissolution rate. While the batches of tablets containing disintegrants exhibited rapid disintegration and faster dissolution rate except those tablets containing starch 1500. Mechanisms of the drug release were investigated from dissolution data of theophylline tablets according to zero-order, first-order and the matrix-diffusion controlled kinetics. The behavior of drug release from theophylline tablets (control) and those containing either Explotab or Starch 1500 occurred predominantly by diffusion mechanism, while the drug release from tablets containing either Ac-Di-Sol qr Pol;-p!asidone folloH•ed first-order kinetics.

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A Study on the Effect of disintegrants and Processing Methods on the Physicochemical and In Vitro Re...

January 2017 · Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

The present investigation attempted to study the effect of disintegrants and processing methods on the physicochemical and in vitro release characteristics of immediate release tablets of Bosentan Monohydrate. To achieve this goal various formulations of Bosentan Monohydrate were prepared by direct compression, wet granulation and fluidized bed granulation methods to achieve maximum drug content ... [Show full abstract] with reference to innovator. Varying proportion of disintegrants such as sodium starch glycolate, pregelatinised starch used to compare drug release profile with innovator. Different formulations were prepared and evaluated with respect to various precompression and post compression parameters. The results indicated that the superdisintegrants used have influenced on the disintegration time. The final selection of the formulation F8 (f2 = 71) containing sodium starch glycolate was based on highest f2 value among all formulations with reference to marketed product.

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Evaluating the Role of Celosia argentea Powder and Fenugreek Seed Mucilage as Natural Super-Disinteg...

January 2020 · International Journal of Current Research and Review

Objective: The objective was to formulate gliclazide (GLZ) fast disintegrating tablets (FDTs) by using fenugreek seed mucilage and Celosia argentea powder as natural disintegrating agents as well as sodium starch glycolate as a synthetic disintegrating agent. Experimental: An attempt was made to extract the fenugreek seed mucilage and prepare the C. argentea powder and evaluated both for various ... [Show full abstract] physicochemical characterizations. FDTs of GLZ were formulated by direct compression method using different concentrations (3-7% w/w) of fenugreek seed mucilage and C. argentea powder and compared with synthetic disintegrating agent sodium starch glycolate. The formulated tablets were evaluated for various physical tests like weight variation, friability, hardness, etc. and the complied results fall with the limits. Results: Among all the formulations, F9 containing 7% C. argentea powder produced the least disintegrating time of 19 sec resulting in a higher drug release rate of 98.13% at the end of 60 min. C. argentea powder as a natural disintegrant showed better disintegrating property than the most widely used synthetic disintegrant sodium starch glycolate in the formulations of FDTs. Conclusion: The study concluded that C. argentea powder will act as a good disintegrating agent and it may be believed to exhibit promising additive anti-diabetic activity with GLZ.

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Intragastric floating drug delivery system of metformin hydrochloride as sustained release component...

January 2012 · International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

The aim of present investigation was to design the concept of bilayered tablet containing Glimepiride as immediate release using sodium starch glycollate as super disintegrant and Metformin Hydrochloride as sustained release floating delivery system. The purpose of this investigation was to prepare a gastroretentive bilayer drug delivery tablet. Floating layer of Metformin Hydrochloride were ... [Show full abstract] prepared employing different grades of gel forming agent and by various gas generating agent. The floating tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, hardness, friability, drug content, in vitro buoyancy and dissolution studies. The prepared tablets exhibited satisfactory physico-chemical characteristics. All the prepared batches showed good in vitro buoyancy. The tablet swelled radially and axially during in vitro buoyancy studies. It was observed that the tablet remained buoyant for 6-10 hours. The drug release from the tablets was sufficiently sustained and non-Fickian transport of the drug from tablets was confirmed.

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Development of Orodispersible Tablets of Candesartan Cilexetil-β-cyclodextrin Complex

January 2013 · Journal of Pharmaceutics

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of inclusion complexation technique employing β-cyclodextrin in improving the dissolution profile of candesartan cilexetil, a BCS class-II drug, and to formulate the inclusion complex into orodispersible tablets. The inclusion complexes were formed by physical mixing, kneading, coevaporation, and lyophilisation methods. Inclusion complexes were ... [Show full abstract] characterized by FTIR, DSC, XRD, NMR, and mass spectral studies. Inclusion complexes prepared using kneading, and lyophilisation techniques in the molar ratio 1 : 5 with β-cyclodextrin were used for formulating orodispersible tablets by direct compression with different superdisintegrants like croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate, and low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose in varying concentrations. The directly compressible powder was evaluated for precompression parameters, and the prepared orodispersible tablets were evaluated for postcompression parameters. Drug-excipient compatibility studies showed no interaction, and characterization proved the formation of inclusion complex. In vitro disintegration time was found to be within 3 minutes, and all the formulations showed complete drug release of 100% within 20 minutes. The optimized formulation was found to be stable after 6 months and showed no significant change in drug content. This work proved β-cyclodextrins to be effective solubilizing agent in improving the solubility of poorly water soluble drugs.

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Improvement of dissolution of poorly soluble drugs by solid deposition on a super disintegrant. II....

March 1997 · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

It is demonstrated that the dissolution from capsules and tablets of poorly soluble, hydrophobic drugs can be strongly improved by solid deposition of the drug upon hydrophilic, strongly swelling carriers like the super disintegrants sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose sodium. As an effect of its lower swelling power, the super disintegrant crospovidone is far less effective than the other ... [Show full abstract] super disintegrants. Wet granulation of poorly soluble drugs with high concentrations of sodium starch glycolate resulted likewise in a strongly improved drug release and bioavailability from capsules and tablets. It was found, however, that granules containing a too high concentration of the super disintegrant slow down the drug release from tablets. This effect is caused by the formation of a viscous barrier of the super disintegrant in the granules during the dissolution process.

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Formulation and evaluation of fast dissolving tablets of amoxicillin trihydrate using synthetic supe...

January 2013 · International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences

In present study, the fast dissolving tablets of Amoxicillin Trihydrate were prepared by direct compression technique using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as direct compressible diluents. Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and croscarmillose sodium (CCS) used as synthetic superdisintegrants. The swelling indices of the superdisintegrants were also compared. Among both the superdisintegrants, ... [Show full abstract] croscarmillose sodium showed the highest swelling index. The blends showed satisfactory flow properties. Eight formulations were prepared using different concentrations of Superdisintegrants and were investigated for their effect on the disintegration time and dissolution rate of the tablets. Tablets were also evaluated for weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability and drug content. All the tablets exhibited acceptable pharmaco-technical properties. Tablets prepared with the blend of CCS (60mg) exhibited quicker disintegration. According to the present study, it was found that tablets of batch F8 (blend containing CCS 60mg) showed better disintegrating property as well as % drug release (99.78% within 25 min.) than the most widely used synthetic superdisintegrants like SSG in the formulations of FDTs.

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Formulation and evaluation of orodispersible tablets of baclofen

January 2009 · International Journal of ChemTech Research

The aim of this investigation was to prepare orodispersible tablets of baclofen using various concentrations of superdisintegrant agents like Ac-Di-Sol, crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate by direct compression method. Nine formulations having superdisintegrants at different concentration levels were prepared. These tablets were evaluated for drug content, weight variation, friability, ... [Show full abstract] hardness, wetting time and invitro disintegration time. Among the formulations tablets of batch F3 containing Ac-Di-Sol showed superior organoleptic properties along with excellent in-vitro disintegration time and drug release as compere to other formulations. It was concluded that superdisintegrants addition technique is a usuful method for preparing orodispersible tablets by direct compression method.

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Formulation and evaluation of bilayer tablets of propanolol hydrochloride

July 2009

Propranolol hydrochloride bi-layer tablets were formulated consisting of two layers such as fast releasing layer and sustaining layer. Fast releasing layer was prepared using super-disintegrant such as sodium starch glycolate and sustaining release layer was prepared using hydrogels like Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMCK4M) and Sodium Carboxy methyl cellulose (high viscosity grade) alone and ... [Show full abstract] in combination with an aim to attain zero order release after the initial burst of release. Selected formulations were subjected to Invitro drug release in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid which revealed that dissolution kinetics followed a first order release for formulations containing HPMC or NaCMC alone where as formulations containing combination of polymers followed a zero order kinetics. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in drug release among the formulations. Therefore hydrogels in appropriate proportions are suitable for formulating controlled release tablets to have a zero order release for watersoluble drugs like propranolol hydrochloride.

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Razvoj i vrednovanje dvoslojnih tableta propranolol hidroklorida

January 2007

The objective of the present research was to develop a bilayer tablet of propranolol hydrochloride using superdisintegrant sodium starch glycolate for the fast release layer and water immiscible polymers such as ethyl cellulose, Eudragit RLPO and Eudragit RSPO for the sustaining layer. In vitro dissolution studies were carried out in a USP 24 apparatus I. The formulations gave an initial burst ... [Show full abstract] effect to provide the loading dose of the drug followed by sustained release for 12 hrs from the sustaining layer of matrix embedded tablets. In vitro dissolution kinetics followed the Higuchi model via a non-Fickian diffusion controlled release mechanism after the initial burst release. FT-IR studies revealed that there was no interaction between the drug and polymers used in the study. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) showed no significant difference in the cumulative amount of drug release after 15 min, but significant difference (p  0.005) in the amount of drug released after 12 h from optimized formulations was observed.

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Design, formulation and evaluation of sustained release bilayer tablets of ciprofloxacin hydrochlori...

January 2019 · Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics

The present research work involve the development of a bilayer tablet of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride using a superdisintegranting agent (sodium starch glycolate) for the fast releasing layer and hydrophobic polymers like ethyl cellulose, acrycoat L100 and acrycoat S100 for the delayed releasing layer. Ciprofloxacin was used as a model drug. Tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. The ... [Show full abstract] prepared bilayer tablets were evaluated for angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio at the precompression stage and thickness variation, weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, disintegration time, in vitro drug release study at the post compression stage.. In vitro dissolution studies were carried out in a USP 24 apparatus I. In vitro dissolution kinetics followed the Higuchi model via a non-Fickian diffusion controlled release mechanism after the initial burst release. FT-IR studies revealed that there was no interaction between the drug and polymers. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) showed no significant difference in the cumulative amount of drug release after 15 min, but significant difference (p < 0.05) in the amount of drug released after 12 h from optimized formulations was observed. Present research work involves the development of a bilayer tablet of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride using a superdisintegrant for the fast releasing layer and hydrophobic polymers for the delayed releasing layer. There was the initial burst effect from the formulations to provide the loading dose of the drug, followed by sustained release to provide maintenance dose of the drug. Keywords: Superdisintegrants, Burst release, Wet granulation, non-Fickian, Sustained release