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Az önkéntes egyszerűsítők fogyasztói magatartása különös tekintettel a táplálkozási szokásokra

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Abstract

A tanulmányban bemutatásra került egy új fogyasztói csoport, az önkéntes egyszerűsítőké, amelynek tagjai szakítanak a fogyasztói társadalom logikájával, és valamilyen szinten önként, szabad akaratukból korlátozzák a fogyasztásukat, az élettel való elégedettségüket, boldogságukat nem anyagi javaktól remélik. Ezek a fogyasztók egyrészt környezetbarát alternatívát választanak vásárlásaik, közlekedésük, és energiafogyasztásuk során, másrészt igyekeznek minimalizálni vásárlásaik mennyiségét. Ez a fajta fogyasztói magatartás egyrészt ökológiai, társadalmi és gazdasági szempontból egy fenntarthatóbb alternatívát kínál, másrészt az eddigi kutatási eredmények szerint az önkéntes egyszerűsítők jobbnak ítélik meg szubjektív „jóllétüket”, elégedettebbek az életükkel, mint azok az emberek, akik a jelenleg uralkodó fogyasztási mintáknak megfelelően fogyasztanak. Az önkéntes egyszerűsítők táplálkozási szokásai is sajátosak, a szakirodalom alapján jellemző rájuk az önellátás, a vegetarianizmus, a komótos étkezés (slow food); illetve preferálják a helyi termelőket, termelői piacokat, a vásárolt élelmiszertermékek tekintetében pedig a helyi és az organikus termékeket, valamint az etikus termékeket. Primer kutatásunk során az önkéntes egyszerűsítők táplálkozási szokásainak legfőbb momentumait két magyarországi ökofalu honlapjának tartalomelemzése segítségével vizsgáltuk. Összességében elmondható, hogy a vizsgált ökofalvak lakóira a táplálkozással kapcsolatban is a természetesség, a természet közeliség jellemző. Azt az élelmiszert tartják jó minőségűnek, amit ők maguk termeltek meg vegyszer nélküli gazdaságukban. Bár a vizsgált ökofalvak esetében kifejezetten a lakosok táplálkozásával kapcsolatban kevés információ volt fellelhető a honlapon, összességében elmondható, hogy az önellátásra való törekvés, a helyi termelők, helyi termékek és a saját maguk elkészített élelmiszer preferálása jellemző rájuk. Kutatásunk feltáró jellegű volt, így a téma alapos körüljárása további kutatásokat igényel. További primer kutatást tervezünk az ökofalvak lakosainak mélyinterjús megkérdezésével kifejezetten a táplálkozási szokásaikkal kapcsolatban, illetve a későbbiekben az önkéntes egyszerűsítők más csoportját is el szeretnénk érni.
The Hungarian Journal Of Nutrition Marketing
Táplálkozásmarketing I. évfolyam, 2014/1-2. szám
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TEKINTETTEL A TÁPLÁLKOZÁSI SZOKÁSOKRA
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           
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     
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     
       
  
    
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      
      
  
  
      






     
       
      
      
     
     

  


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


      


     
    
       


      
     

     


   
      
      
       
  
       
 



 
       
 
       


    
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
   
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 
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     

 
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   

    

     
   


     



  
 
     
  
    
        
  
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    
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
   

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  
  


        
    
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
    



      
      







   


      
      
      
      


   

 
    
    
   

    
     

      




      

 

      

    
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Táplálkozásmarketing I. évfolyam, 2014/1-2. szám

   
      
 
      


   



 
    
      
  
    



      


  
    
     
     
    
     


   
     
     

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 

    
      

  






      


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 
      



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 -
 
    


      

     

 Fenntartható     
      
     





      
    
       


 
      
    
        

   
      
 

       
    


Results
     

   
    

   
    
     


   
 
       


    
  


       
     
 
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
Táplálkozásmarketing I. évfolyam, 2014/1-2. szám




  


      
       

     
      
     

  
      
     
  

  
  

     
 
     
      

  

     
      

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
      
     
      

    
    
    

 
      


      

       

     

 



     
    
    
    

       
       
      
  
     

       
   

       
  
  
 



      
       


  
 
    

       



 
 
      

 
 

     
    
     

      
     
         
     


    
     
    

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
Táplálkozásmarketing I. évfolyam, 2014/1-2. szám
   
 
  


       
       
     
    
     


    


      
 

 
      

        
     
 

          
     


     
     

         
       
    
      


  

    
     


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     
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
     
     
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
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   
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   
    
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   
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...  Environmental consciousness,  High expectations of quality and durability of products,  Support ethical consumption with our behaviour,  Self-sufficiency,  Used or second-hand product purchase, and  Share devices with common (Dudás and Szakó, 2014). ...
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Nowadays, the principle of sustainability has moved into more and more spheres of our life (eg.: food safety, marketing, environment – economy, education). The basis of this sustainability is the fact that we need to create a lifestyle, which does not endanger the life of either ours, or the next generation’s with not able to live in a free, welfare society, balanced with Nature. For reaching sustainability, international professionals expect the global reduction of overconsumption and pollution, together with the creation of a healthy nutrition attitude of the European sphere suggested by the international scientists. In this paper a review will be presented about the aspects and ways of sustainable consumption. I also would like to arrange them in a hierarchy, and define the phenomenon of sustainable consumption in general, which is worth examining in the field of food and the environmental influence as well.
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A nemvásárlás/nemfogyasztás okainak, motívumainak vizsgálata általános értelemben, de egyes piacok esetén, így a turizmus terén is, igen izgalmas értelmezési és kutatási kérdés. A nemvásárlás/nemfogyasztásnak két típusát különböztetjük meg a fogyasztók helyzetének, motivációinak szempontjából: a lemondást és a kimaradást. A kimaradás általában egy hiányhelyzethez kapcsolódik, míg a lemondás forrása koncepcionális, saját vállalt döntés. A nemvásárlás/nemfogyasztás turizmusban mutatkozó jelensége több tényezővel magyarázható, amiről nyilván elsősorban a kimaradás kategóriában vannak tapasztalatok. A tanulmányban a nemvásárlás/nemfogyasztás kategóriáinak általános érvényű feltárása mellett azt is vizsgálják a szerzők, hogy milyen jellemzők mutatkoznak a turizmusban a nemvásárlók/nemfogyasztók körében, miképp határozhatják meg és ezáltal rendszerezhetik e csoportok hátterét. Felismerve a témakör gyakorlati és szakmai aktualitását és fontosságát, jelen tanulmány célja a szakirodalomban kevéssé tárgyalt témakör felvezetése, elsősorban azzal a céllal, hogy új gondolkodási irányt indítson el a különböző tudományterületek, elsősorban a marketing és a turizmus szakma kutatói és képviselői számára. Koncepcionális gondolataikat egy, a szerzők által vezetett kutatócsoporttal végzett reprezentatív és egy másik nagymintás kérdőíves kutatás primer eredményeivel is alátámasztják.
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This paper addresses consumers' attitudes towards consumption, the extent to which excessive consumption is perceived as an environmental problem and what consumers perceive as their personal responsibility vs. that of marketing for this consumption. Findings from a focus group and a survey administered to lecturers of a university in Portugal are reported. A critical reflection upon the findings reveals that participants view consumption as excessive and mostly due to marketing, but do not associate high levels of consumption with environmental damage. The consumers surveyed did not accept personal responsibility for excessive consumption, and many of them do not perceive their actions to have a significant impact on the environment. The high educational level of our sample makes these findings of particular concern. This paper feeds the debate on sustainable marketing and expresses the need to address consumers', as well as marketing's, place in sustainability. Implications of this study are drawn and directions for future research are suggested.
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The concept of voluntary simplicity (VS) is taken as a starting point to investigate consumers' use of information sources when making purchases of sustainable technological products and services. Differences in information seeking and sources consulted and trusted are investigated with a view to increasing the uptake of sustainable domestic technologies such as energy efficient fridges and washing machines over more grey alternatives. Clear patterns both in sources used and the information seeking process were found between different groups of consumers and priorities for purchase were also identified. The results suggest different strategies for marketing sustainable technologies to these different consumer groups. The text of this article is available from; http://hdl.handle.net/10059/1046
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This article examines and extends the notion of voluntary simplifiers (VS). VS are individuals who have freely chosen a frugal, anticonsumer lifestyle that features low resource use and environmental impact. The article will begin by reviewing empirical work with VS and their mainstream counterparts, non-voluntary simplifiers (NVS). It will go on to identify and locate within this literature an intermediate group: beginner voluntary simplifiers (BVS). BVS may support some aspects of sustainability (such as buying fair-trade coffee or recycling domestic waste) without either embracing a complete lifestyle change like VS, or completely dismissing ethical or environ-mental features of products and services they consume, like NVS. Insight into the complex decision-making processes of BVS is crucial for the understanding of the concept of voluntary simplification and is therefore important for the advancement of sustainable consumption. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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The practice of voluntary simplicity is inextricably linked to consumer behavior and has attracted the attention of researchers in a number of disciplines, including psychology and marketing. Yet the daily practice of voluntary simplicity in the United States remains largely unexamined. The research presented here is the first to look at voluntary simplicity with the use of a nationwide sample of American consumers. A more refined application of Maslow's theory of human motivation to the understanding of this social phenomenon is proposed. The practices considered most important to this lifestyle are identified, as are key impediments to its consistent practice. Factor analysis is used to identify the underlying dimensions of U.S. voluntary simplicity: ecological and social responsibility; community; and maintaining a spiritual life. Findings indicate that people of moderate income are more likely to practice voluntary simplicity than was previously believed. This research also compares highly committed simplifiers to those who are less committed, finding that more committed practitioners are more likely to be consistent in practices requiring ongoing effort, such as composting. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Ethical considerations regularly demand references to the moral climate, which, as a form of grand narrative or regime of truth, provides direction for choices between right and wrong, good and bad, ethical and unethical. Yet from a postmodern perspective, the moral climate has scattered into countless narratives, such that what is good or ethical may no longer be certain everywhere and in every situation. In a postmodern world, no essential grand narrative, regime of truth, or foundational ethical direction exists, because the self has been rendered free and autonomous from traditional values. As an independent agent, the postmodern self confronts a plethora of possibilities. Although the confrontation of multiple narratives appears in radical postmodern theory as saturating and disorienting, this article posits that clear signs of ethical directions within postmodern pluralism remain. Copyright
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The research presented in this article investigates the relationship between adopting voluntary simplicity as a lifestyle and life satisfaction. More precisely, it seeks to understand the role that consumption desires and relative wealth play in the context of this relationship. A survey was conducted among a Canadian sample of 344 simplifiers and 267 non-simplifiers. A statistically significant positive relationship was observed between the adoption of voluntary simplicity and a measure of satisfaction with life. This research has also established that it is partially through one's control of consumption desires that simplifiers achieve a higher level of life satisfaction. However, this was shown to be the case only among consumers with limited financial resources. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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The idea that the over-arching goal of capitalist economies needs to be changed, and that achieving ever-higher levels of consumption of products and services is a vacuous goal, has followed a familiar tri-stage evolution—several times over. Radical rejections of the consumeristic goal have been followed by rejections of the rejections and new bouts of consumerism, leading to some kind of combination of an affirmation of the merits of a high level of consumption with a rededication to other purposes. This idea itself has been with us from the onset of industrialization. It often has taken the form of comparing the attractive life of the poorer pre-industrial artisan to that of the drudgeries of the more endowed industrial assembly-line worker.
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