This study discusses the actual role of the United States of America in the
Second Camp David Summit based on the United States’ role as a controversial
mediator. It also questions the reasons for the failure of the summit and the impact
of the absence of any supporting parties on the results of the summit. Moreover,
this thesis refers to the factors that led to the success of the first Camp
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Summit compared to the results of the second Camp David Summit which ended
with failure that the Palestinians had already expected.
This thesis tracks the course of the Camp David Summit, the introductions to
the summit and its consequences. As well, the thesis highlights the non-neutral
role the US played in the different stages of the summit, and also reveals the fact
that the US worked as an exclusive mediator in the peace process. The thesis
discusses the US foreign policy and the influence of the Zionist Lobby on forming
the US foreign policy.
Based on the situations and conditions that emerged during and after the
summit the study hypothesizes that the United States of America played a biased
role in the second Camp David summit. The US was highly influenced by the
interior American and Israeli affairs which in result led the summit to the
inevitable failure. This failure was inevitable because the negotiations were not
based on sound bases that should have referred to the basics of the peace process
like the UN resolutions and the international legitimacy resolutions. The
American role as an exclusive mediator had a negative impact that could have
been avoided if there was a joint mediation with another country or if the US was
a rightful mediator on both the political and procedural aspect. The talks also were
based on the assumption that the interior Palestinian situation and the international
situation will force Arafat to accept solutions that are beneath his usual demands.
The thesis is formed of five chapters, beginning with the first chapter that
contains the hypothesis of the thesis, explains the research problem, gives a
review of the related literature and the theoretical framework, explains the
objective of the study and discusses the importance of the study. The second
chapter, on the other hand, explains the details of the foreign policies from a
theoretical viewpoint and explains the details of forming the foreign policy of the
US and Israel in addition to the Palestinian foreign policy. The third chapter gives
a detailed description and analysis of the events of the second Camp David
summit, beginning with the preparations, moving to the arrival to Camp David
and ending with leaving Camp David. The fourth chapter of the study shows the
similarity between the American and the Israeli position after the summit and
compares it to the Palestinian position. The chapter also talks about the
subsequent attempts to reviving the peace process and the intervention of Egypt
and France in the peace process.