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لﻴﻠﺠﻟﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺀﺎﻴﻀ ﻥﺍﺩﺠﻭ
ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻟﺍ ،ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺩﻨﻫ ﻡﺴﻗ
Wijdan_wijdann@yahoo.com
ﺔﺼﻼﺨﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﺎﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺩﻴﻌﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﺭﻓﻭ
ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺨﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﻭﻼﻋ ،ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻭ .ﻴﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﺕﺭﻬﻅ ﻙﻟﺫﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥ
ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻪﻠﻜﻴﻫﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ . ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺩﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺕﻋﻭﻨﺘﻭ
ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﺨﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ . ﺀﺎﻔﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﻭﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﻨﺍﻭ
ﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘ .ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓﻭ : ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃﻭ .ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﺕﺩﺩﺤﺘﻭ: لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﺍ
لﻤﺎﻋ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺅﻤ .ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻑﺩﻫ ﺩﺩﺤﺘﻭ :
ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ .ﻲﻫ ﺕﺍﻭﻁﺨ ﺱﻤﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺍ :ﻭﺃ،ﻻ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ. ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ،ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺜ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ .ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ،ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺜ . ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ،ﺎﻌﺒﺍﺭ
ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ .ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ،ﺎﺴﻤﺎﺨ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺹﺤﻓ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ . ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ لﺼﻭﺘﻭ
ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻻ ﺩﻗ ،ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ . ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻀﻴﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﺫﺍ
ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻠﻜ ﻭﺃ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﻤﻀﺘﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻨﻤﻀﺘﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﻭ ،ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ.
ﺔﻴﺤﺎﺘﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ:ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ لﻜﺎﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ،ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ،،ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻟﺍ ﻙﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ،ﻲﻤﻗﺭﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ .
Generating Shape and Relationship to Structure in Digital Architecture
Abstract
Applications of digital technology in contemporary architecture provide new possibilities for the
creation of architectural form, structural design, production of components and construction, as well as
providing the potentiality to test architectural performance. As a result new relationships has been
appeared between architectural form and its structure, which varies depending on digital models
selected at the start of computing process and the different digital input parameters for the programs
chosen by the designer.The use of digital programs in architectural design is reflected on buildings
facades, where it varies in the appearance or disappearance of tectonic values. In light of this, the
problem of research is: The need to identify the methods of generating the shape and its relationship to
the structure in digital architecture and its impact on the availability of tectonic value in the digital
patterns of the facades
The research hypothesis is: the methods of generating the architectural form and its relation to
the structure in digital architecture are factors in the availability or unavailability of tectonic value in
the digital patterns of the facades.
The goal of the research is: to identify the methods of generating the shape and its relation to the
structure in the digital architecture and its effect on the availability or of tectonic value in the digital
patterns of the facades. The research follows a methodology with the five-step: first, the classification
of design processes in digital architecture. Second, identifying of the processes of the digital structural
design. Third, studying the impact of the relationship between the architectural design and structural
design of the building. Fourth, study the role of tectonic patterns in architectural facades. Fifth, analysis
of the impact of the type of digital design processes and the relationship between architectural design
and structural design of the building in the case studies. The research concluded that the integrative
digitizing process of the design of the and structure may not provide the tectonic value in the facade
patterns, because It also depends on the type of design process of the facades as well and if it is being
included or not included in the digital design process of the form or structure or both.
Key words: Digital design, Digital Structural Design, Tectonic, Digital Tectonic, Digital Patterns.
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ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻟﺍ:
ﺕﺎﻨﻴﺘﺴﻟﺍ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺏﻴﺴﺍﻭﺤﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺃﺩﺒ . ﺔﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘﻭ
ﺭﺎﻬﻅﻻﺍﻭ . ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍﻭ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻁﻁﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﺴﺭﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺍ ،ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺌﺯﺠ ﺕﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍﻭ
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟ .ﺴﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻟ ﺏﻴﺴﺍﻭﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺩﺘﻤﻴﻟ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﻌﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ لﻤﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻁ
ﺎﻬﻠﻤﻜﺄﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺩﺒ . ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺜﻼﺜ لﺎﻜﺸﻻﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﺒ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻭ
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻅﻭﺘﻟ . ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻟﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺒﻌﻟﻭ
لﺎﻜﺸﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻪﻴﻭﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻭﺍ ﻑﻠﻟﺎﺒ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻭ لﺎﻜﺸﻻﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤ ...ﺦﻟﺍ . ﺓﺩﻋ ﺕﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍﻭ
لﺜﻤ ﺽﺭﻐﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ)D studio Max3(،) Softimage( ،)Alias (ﻭ)Maya (ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ .
ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟ ﺔﻤﺩﺨ ﺎﻤﻨﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺀﺍﺩﺘﺒﺍ ﻡﻤﺼﺘ ﻡﻟ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺍ ﻡﻏﺭﻟﺎﺒﻭ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺌﺎﻁﻟﺍ
ﻲﻓ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺕﻔﻅﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻻﺍ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻑﺩﻬﺒ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﻭﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﻭﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹ
ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ)Lynn and Gage, 2010 .( ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻭﺯﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻸﻟ ﺢﺒﺼﺃﻭ
ﻋ ﺓﻭﻼﻋ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻟ ﺔﻤﺯﻼﻟﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻟﺎﺒ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘ ﻰﻠ
ﻲﻠﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻟﺍﻭ . ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺯﻴﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤ ﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺯﺭﻓﺃﻭ
ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻟﺍﻭ . ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﻭﻼﻋ ،ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﻬﻅ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ
ﻙﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ
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ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻙﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ
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١-ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ :
١-١-ﻥﻴﺴﺭﻻ ﺯﻠﻴﻨ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ )Niels Larsen(، ٢٠١٤ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ: Digital Tectonics
ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻠﻋﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﺒ ﺡﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻌﻓﺎﻨﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ
ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻤ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﻘﺘ ﻥﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺅﻔﻜ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻭﻠﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ
ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨﻭ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻭ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ. ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻡﺘﺘ ﺏﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﻘﺒﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ،ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺜﻼﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻭﺍ ﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘﻟ
ﻊﻗﻭﺘﻟﺍ .ﺔﺤﻭﺘﻔﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﺒ ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ . ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﺫﺍ
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- ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍTectonics: ﻕﺘﺸﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ Tekton ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺭﻏﻻﺍArchitekton ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﺘ ﺭﺎﺠﻨ ﻭﺃ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ .ﺎﻬﻟﻭ
ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻊﺴﻭﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺸﻤ ﻰﻟﺍ لﻌﻓ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ .ﺭﻬﻅﻭ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﻊﺴﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺸﻋ ﺎﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺎﺒ ﻑﺭﺤﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ) Four Elements of Architecture( ﻪﻔﻟﺅﻤﻟ )Gottfried Semper(، ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ
ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻀﺤﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻕﻴﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺡﺭﺸ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺎﺒ لﺼﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻟﺍ
،ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ .ﺭﺎﺸﺃﻭ ﺭﺒﻤﺴ)Semper (ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺫﺨﻻﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﺒ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ لﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻴﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ
ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺘ لﺎﻤﻋﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻴﺘﻭﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ، ﻻﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ﻪﻴﺃﺭﺒ ﺩﻘﻔﺘﺴ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﺯﻤﺭﻟﺍ )Frampton, 1995, p. 87(،
ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺎﻓ ﻯﺩﻟ ﺭﺒﻤﺴ ﻻ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍ – ،ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻨﺍﻭ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺀﺩﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁﻟﺍ) ،ﻲﺠﺎﻔﺨﻟﺍ٢٠١٥،
ﺹ١٢٧ .(ﺡﺭﻁﻭ ،ﻲﺠﺎﻔﺨﻟﺍ ٢٠١٥، ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒ) ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ (ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘ ﻯﻭﻘﻟﺍ
ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻓﻭﻴ ﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺱﻜﻌﻨﻴ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻪﺌﺍﺯﺠﺃ .لﺜﻤﺘﺘﻭ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﻭﻘﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻤﻟﺍ) ﺱﻭﻤﻠﻤﻟﺍ (ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻠﻟ
لﻜﺎﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﻤﻟﺍ) ﺭﻴﻏ ﺱﻭﻤﻠﻤﻟﺍ (لﺎﻤﺠﻟﺎﻜ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺯﻤﺭﻟﺍ) ،ﻲﺠﺎﻔﺨﻟﺍ٢٠١٥ ، ﺹ١٢٧-١٢٨.(
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- ﺍﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍDigital Tectonics :ﻗﺔﻤﻴ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘ ﻯﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻓﻭﻴ ﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘـﺴﺎﺒ
ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘﻟ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘ ﺏﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺀﺯﺠﻜ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ.
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ﺭﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻗ،ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺒﻜﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻜ ﻊﻤ لﻤﺎﻌ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﻘﺘﺸﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻹﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ
ﻲﻀﺎﻴﺭﻟﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻪﻨﻷ ،ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻺﻟ لﺒﺎﻗﻭ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ لﻌﺠﻟ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀﻟﺍ)Larsen, 2014 .(
١-٢- ﻥﻴﻟ ﻎﻴﺭﻜ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ )Greg Lynn (ﻭ ﻙﺭﺎﻤ ﺞﻴﺭﻜ)Greg Mark( ،٢٠١٠ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ :
Composites, Surfaces, and Software: High Performance Architecture
لﻤﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﻌﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﻟ ﻲﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘ ﺹﺨﻷﺎﺒﻭ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﺼﺎﺼﺘﺨﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ.
١-٣- ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﻜﻨﺍﺭﺒ ﻙﻴﻔﻴﺭﻻﻭﻜ)Branko Kolarevic( ،٢٠٠٩ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ :
Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing
ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻟﺍ لﻭﺨﺩ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺼﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ
لﺎﻜﺸﻻﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻓﻭ ﻻ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ
ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻨﺘﻤ)لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺍ (ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﺩﻟﻭﺘﻤﻟﺍ . ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻙﻔﻴﺭﻻﻭﻜ ﻑﻨﺼﻭ
ﻤﻨ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻯﺭﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎ
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ . ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻡﺜ ،لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﺒ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﻱﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻴﻭ
ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺠﺘﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻤ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ . ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺍﺯﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺏﺒﺴﺘﻭ
ﻥﻤ)لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﺼ) (Kolarevic,2009 .(ﺃﻭ ﺩﻜﺎﻀﻴﺃ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻥﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻜﻤﻹﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘ ﻡﻴﻗ ﺩﻟﻭﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻕﺎﻓﺍ ﺢﺘﻓ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺅﺘ
ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺡﻭﻁﺴﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻁﻐﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻤ لﺼﻔﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻟﺍ .
١-٤- ﻥﻴﻟ ﻎﻴﺭﻜ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ )Greg Lynn( ،١٩٩٩ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ :Animate Form
ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻟ ﻪﻴﻭﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﻜﺅﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻭﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﻴﻭﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺩﻜﺍ
ﻪﻋﻭﺭﺸﻤ)(House Proto Typeﻲﻓ Long Island) .( ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﻪﻴﻭﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺫﺍ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ .ﻯﺭﻴﻭ :)ﺤ ﺞﺘﻨﺘ ،لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻩﻭﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺒﻊﻗﻭﻤﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﺭﻓﺎﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺫﺎﺠﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺩﺤﻨﻤ لﻘ( . ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻭﻘﻴﻭ
ﻰﻟﺍ ﺎﺒﻴﺠﺘﺴﻤ ،ﻪﻟ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻟﻭﺘﻴﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﻤﻨﻴ ﺫﺍ ،ﻪﺘﺎﻫﻭﺸﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟ ﻥﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘﺒ لﻘﺤﻟﺍ
ﻪﺘﺍﺭﻭﺎﺠﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻪﺒﺫﺎﺠﺘﺒ ﻭﻤﻨﻴﻭ ﻊﻗﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ )Lynn,1999(.
١-٥- ﻥﻭﺘﺒﻤﺍﺭﻓ ﺙﻴﻨﻜ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ )Kenneth Frampton(، ١٩٩٥ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ :
Studies in Tectonic Culture
ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﺒ ﺕﻤﺎﻗ . لﻭﻘﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻻﺍ لﻘﻨ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺡﺭﻁﻭ
ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻔﻟﺎﻜ ﻯﺭﺨﻻﺍ،ﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻻ . ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻟﺎﺒﻓ
ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻋﺎﺸ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺯﻜﺭ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻻﺍ ،ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻊﻗﻭﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ
Poetics of Construction . ﻥﻤ لﻜﻟ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﻥﺍﻭ
ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﺒﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍﻭ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ)Ibid,p.20 .( ﻲﻓ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻥﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻟ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ . ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍ ﺕﺭﻬﻅﻭ
ﺀﺎﺸﻨﺍﻭ ﻼﻜﺸ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ .
١-٦- ﻥﻭﺭﺨﺍﻭ ﺞﻴﻟ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ )Leach et.al. ( ،٢٠٠٤، ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ : Digital Tectonics
ﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘﺕ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻊﻤ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﺀﺯﺠﻜ ﺏﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨﻜ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ
،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻀﻗﺭ ﺭﺴﺠﻜ ﺏﻴﺴﺍﻭﺤﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﻓﻭ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺩﺠﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺍ
١٩٨
ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻴﻜﺄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ لﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ لﻼﺨ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻻﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﺩﺎﺒﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺴﺩﻨﻬﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺒﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ
ﺭﻭﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺄﺸﺒ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ
ﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻠﻟ ﻥﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﻼﻁﺍ ﻡﺜ ،لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻻﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺭﻭﻠﺒﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﻜ ﺞ
ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ)Leach et. al., 2004 .( ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﻜﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺹﺤﻔﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻤﺎﻗ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﻥﻤ لﻜ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺎﺼﺘﻠﻟ)Decoi( ،)FOA (ﻭ)UNstudio( لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍﻭ ،
ﻲﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻜﺎﺴﻟﺍ Leach, 2004)(.
١-٧-ﺔﻟﺎﻘﻤ ﺩﺭﺎﻨﺭﻴﺒﻪﻴﺸﺘﺎﻜ )Bernard Cache( ،٢٠٠٢ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﺒ )Digital Semper(ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ :
Rethinking technology: a reader in architectural theory
ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻊﻤ ﻥﻤﺍﺯﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻺﻟ ﺓﺭﻓﻭﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﻭﻠﺤﻠﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ،ﺭﺒﻤﺴ ﻪﺤﺭﻁ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ
ﻪﺒﺒﺴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻭ ،ﻙﺍﺫﻨﺁ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ
ﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻋﻭﻨ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺭﺒﺘﻌﻤ ،ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ ،ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ،ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜ .
ﺏﺴﺤﺘ ﺎﻤﻨﺍﻭ ،ﻡﻤﺼﺘ ﺩﻌﺘ ﻡﻟ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﻓ ﻪﻴﺸﺎﻜﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺒﻓ . ﺡﻭﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﺠﻻﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﻴﻭﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻴ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺒﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ . ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﻓﻭ ﺩﻘﻓ
ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺡﻭﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍﻭ ،ﻕﺒﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺅﺒﻨﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻻﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﺠﺎﺘﻨﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍCNC ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻻﺍﻭ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ ،ﻊﻁﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،
ﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺡﻭﻁﺴ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﻜ)Cache,2002.(
١-٨- ﺱﺭﻻ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻙﻴﻭﺭﺒﻴﺒﺴ )Lars Spuybroek( ،٢٠٠٤ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ،:
Machining Architecture
ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺒ ﺔﻀﺭﺘﻔﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻻﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻤﺎﻗ
ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﺩﻴﻋﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻙﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟﺍﺔﻨﺭﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻰﻟﺍ . ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍﻭ)ﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﻥﻓ .( ﻡﻴﻤﺎﺼﺘ ﺕﺯﻴﻤﺘﻭ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ لﻋ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻭﻁﺨﻟﺎﺒ ﻙﻴﻭﺭﺒﻴﺒﺴ
ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ)Spuybroek, 2004 .(
١-٩- ﻥﺎﺠﺭﺎﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﻴﻟﻭﻜ)Marjan Colletti( ،٢٠١٣ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ :
Digital Poetics: An Open Theory of Design-Research in Architecture
ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻀﻌﻤ ﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺡﺭﻁﺘ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﻬﺠﻭﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻫ
لﻭﻻﺍ ،ﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﻴﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ :ﺍﻭ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺍ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﺎﻀﺘﻟﺍﻲﻨﺎﺜﻟ :
لﺒﺎﻘﻤ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻨﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ لﺒﺎﻘﻤ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﺎﻀﺘﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻴﻬﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻟﺍ . ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺘﻴﻟﻭﻜﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ
ﻴﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻴﻟ ،ﺔﻴﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻌﻔﻟﺍ لﻭﺤﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻁ
ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻟﺍ لﻌﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ)Doing the thinking ( ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘ ﻰﻟﺍلﻌﻔﻟﺍ)Thinking the Doing(
)Colletti,2013( .
ﻡﺜ ،ﺎﻤ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺞﺘﻨﺘﺴﻨ
ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺍ ،ﺎﻴﻠﻜﺸ ﻩﺩﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺍ ﻡﺜ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻡﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﻪﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻠﻟ . ﻻﺍ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺎﻴﺍﻭﺯ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻔﻠﺘﺨﺍ ﻥﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺩﻻﺍ ﻥﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺹﺨﻠﻤﻭ
ﻜﺘﻟﺍ لﻭﺨﺩ ﻪﺒﺒﺴﺘ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺩﻜﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺍﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨ.
ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺙﻭﺩﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﺎﻔﺘﺍ ﺔﻤﺜ ﻥﻜﻟ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﺔﻁﻘﻨ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻟﺎﺒﻓ ﻕﺭﻁ ﻲﻓ
١٩٩
ﻪﺠﺘﻨﻴ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ
ﻫﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺍ ﻙﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻥﻤﺎ .
ﻊﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺩﻻﺍ ﺔﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﺘ
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﺜﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻙﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ)١.(
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠ)١ ( ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟ ﺙﺤﺒﻠﻟ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ ﺢﻀﻭﻴ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺄﻜﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ )ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻟﺍ :ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ (
ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ .
ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻔﻟﺍ
ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺅﻤ لﻤﺎﻋ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ.
ﻑﺩﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ
ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ .
ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ
ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ.
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ .
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ .
ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ
ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺹﺤﻓ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺕﻻﺎﺤ .
٢-ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ :
٢-١-ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻁﺨﻤﻠﻟ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﻨﺜﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ : ﺔﻴﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻁﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤ ﻡﺘﻴ
ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﺴﺭﻟﺍ ﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻭ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﺎﻤﻜﺍﻭ ،ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻨﺜﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺯﻬﺠﺄﺒ
ﺏﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ.
٢-٢-ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﻲﺜﻼﺜﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ : ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﻲﺜﻼﺜ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ
ﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻟ ﻁﺴﻭﻜ ﺱﻴﻟﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻠﻘﻨﻟ ﺎﻤﻨﺍﻭ ،ل . ﻁﺎﻘﻨ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻥﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ
ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ .ﻪﺤﺴﻤ ﻡﺘ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ لﺜﻤﺘ . ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺤﻨﻤ ﻕﻠﺨﻟ ﺎﻬﻤﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘﻴﻭ)NURBS (ﺭﺼﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻫﻭNon-
Uniform Rational B-Splines، ﻭ ﺡﻭﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻟ ﺎﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ
)Kolarevic,2009 .( ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺘﻴ ﺩﻗ ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ
ﺔﺒﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ)Larsen, 2014.( لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺎﺒ ﺕﺎﻴﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﺒ ﺓﺩﻟﻭﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺡﻭﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﺘﻭ
ﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒ لﺍﻭﺩﺒ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻭ ،لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﻨﻟﺍ) ،ﻱﺩﺠﺎﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺸﺭﻤﻟﺍ٢٠١٧(.
٢-٣-ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ : ﻡﻴﻤﺎﺼﺘ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﺘ
ﻙﺸﻟﺍ ﺱﻴﺴﺄﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻉﺎﺒﺘﺎﺒ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﻲﻠﻜﺸ ﻉﻭﻨﺘ ﺕﺍﺫForm-Based ﻡﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﺔﺴﻤﺨﻟ ﺎﻘﻓﻭ
ﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘ ﺞﺘﻨﺍ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺭﻤﻻﺍ ،ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻤﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘ ﻥﻤﻀ لﺨﺩﺘ ،ﺔ
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ﺔﻴﻭﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ لﺜﻤAnimated ﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍﻭ Parametri ﺔﻴﻠﻜﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،Isomorphic ،
ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍPerformable ﺔﻴﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍﻭ Evolutionary . ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ
ﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍﻲﺘﻻﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻗ:
٢-٣-١-ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ Biological : ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺩﺒ ﺔﻁﻘﻨﻜ ﻲﺠﻭﻟﻭﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ .ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻗ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻬﻋﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﻥﻤﻭ.
ﺃ- ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ Water Drop:ﻟ ﻡﺎﻬﻟﺎﻜ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ لﻜﺸﻠ
ﻕﺎﺼﺘﻟﻻﺍ ﺓﻭﻗ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺀﺎﻘﺘﻟﻻﺍ ﺔﻁﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻬﻫﻭﺸﺘﻭ ،ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺘﺭﻁﻗ ﺏﺍﺭﺘﻗﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻭ ،ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁﻟﺍ .ﻲﻤﻗﺭ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻭﺤﺘﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤ ﻡﺘﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ . ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟ ﺀﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻤﻤﺼ ﺩﻗﻭ
ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻟ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺜ ،ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻴﺯﺠﻟﺍ .لﺎﺜﻤﻜ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤ ﻡﻴﻤﺎﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ﺎﻤ
لﺜﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻤﺴﺘ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻘﻠﻁﻤ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤIsomorphic Poly Surfaces, Meta-Clayﻭﺃ Meta-Balls
Models ، ﺭﻬﺼﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻫﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺭﻁﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻁﻤﻨ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺙﻴﺤFusion ﻲﻨﺜﻟﺍ ﻭﺍ
Inflection ﺎﻬﺌﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﻁﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺫﺎﺠ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ )Lynn,1998 .( ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻴﻔﻴﺭﻻﻭﻜ ﺎﻬﻔﻨﺼﻴﻭ
ﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﻴﻁﻤﻨ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ : ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻻﺍAdditive) ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺠﻴﻻﺍ ( ﺡﺭﻁﻟﺍ ﻭﺃSubtractive) ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴﻟﺍ.( ﻰﻤﺴﺘﻭ ﺔﺠﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻠﻜﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺎﺒ . ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﻯﻭﻗ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺤﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺌﺎﻜﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻬﻴﺒﺸ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻭ
ﺏﺫﺠﻠﻟ)Kolarevic,2009 .(
ﺏ - ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍLiving Organisms : ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻭﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻠﻟ . ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﻡﺴﺠ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﺘﺎﺒﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﺍﻭﻴﺤﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﻭ
ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻸﻟ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻜ ﺫﺨﺘﺘ ﻥﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ .ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻻﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﺤﻻﺍ ﺕﻼﺜﺎﻤﻤﻟﺍ
ﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ لﻜﺎﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻭﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﺒﻨ)ﻭ ﻡﻟﺎﺴ،ﻱﺩﻬﻤ٢٠١٧ .(
٢-٣-٢- لﺎﺨﺩﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ )ﻱﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ (Parametric : ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ
ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﻜﻌﻨﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻤﺘﻴﺭﺎﻏﻭﻠﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺓﺩﻟﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ
ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ .ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻭ ﺓﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ،ﺢﻴﺭﻟﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺍ ،ﺱﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺍﻭﺯﺒ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ .
ﺔﻴﻘﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﻜﻌﻨﻴ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻱﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻥﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ .ﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻁﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺩﺤﺘ ﻙﻟﺫﺒﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴ
ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ لﺼﺎﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻭ ﻊﻗﻭﻤ ،ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍ ،ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺄﻜ ﻪﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻭ . لﻭﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﺠﺤﻟﺍ ،ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻷﺍ لﺜﻤ ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﻡﻴﻗ ﻥﻴﻴﻌﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩﺒﻭ
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻠﻟ)Burrows,2009(. ﺱﻠﺴﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﻴﻴﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ لﻘﻨﺒ ﻪﺠﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻭﻘﻴﻭ
ﺍﻭ ،ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻﺎﺒ لﺎﻜﺸﻻﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﺌﺍﺩﺒﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻀﺎﻴﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﺔﻴﻟ
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻡﺘﻴﻟ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﻤ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻡﺜ ،ﻲﻠﻜﺸﻟﺍ) . ،ﻱﺩﺠﺎﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺸﺭﻤﻟﺍ
٢٠١٧.(ﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ ﺔﺠﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻴﻭ . ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫﺭﻓﻭﺘ
ﻟﺩﻌﻤ ﺔﺨﺴﻨ لﺎﻜﺸﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨﻻ ﺕﻻﺎﻤﺘﺤﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﺒ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔ
ﻲﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻬﺒﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ)Kolarevic,2009.(
٢-٣-٣-ﺓﻭﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ Motion and Force : ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ
ﻪﺘﺌﻴﺒﻭ .ﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﺒ ﺫﺨﻷﺍﻭ ،ﻪﺘﺌﻴﺒ ﻊﻤ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻱ
ﺔﻴﺒﺫﺎﺠﻟﺍ ﺓﻭﻗ ،ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ،ﺱﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺍﻭﺯ ،ﺡﺎﻴﺭﻟﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺎﻜ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ... ،ﺦﻟﺍ
ﺏﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ .ﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴﻭ ﻯﻭﻘﻟ ﺔﻴ
ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍﻭ ﻡﻜﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺜﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍ . ﺢﻴﺭﻟﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻴ ﺩﻘﻓ
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ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻭﺍ ،ﺓﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﺴﻨﺍ لﻤﻬﻴﻭ
ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺎﺒ .ﻓ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻴﻟ ﻑﺭﻌﻴﻭ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻭ ﻪﻴﻭﺸﺘ ﺽﺭﻐﻟ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ لﻘﺤ ﻲ
ﺔﻴﻭﻴﺤAnimated Architecture . ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴﻭ
لﺜﻤKey Frame Animation ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻜ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺴﻭﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﻭ ،ﺔﻜﺭﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ
ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﻘﻠﻟ .ﻜﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘﻭ ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﻡﺴﺠ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﺓﺎ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺨﺩﺇ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻜ)Lynn,1999.(
٢-٣-٤- ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ Performance : ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ
ﻲﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ)ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ،ﻲﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻟﺍ ،...ﺦﻟﺍ (ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻜﻴﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺍ ،ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺍ ﻭﺃ .
ﺢﻴﺭﻟﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺍﻭ ﺱﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺍﻭﺯ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﺒ ﺫﺨﺅﻴ ﺫﺍ...ﺦﻟﺍ . لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻙﻟﺫﻜﻭ
ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ . ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ لﺜﻤ ﺔﺒﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﺏﺴﺤ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴﻭ)Finite
Element Method (FEM ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻭ ،ﺔﻗﺎﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﺌﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺎﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ Dynamics
Computational Fluid (CFD)ﺀﺍﻭﻬﻟﺍ ﻕﻓﺩﺘ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ . لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺎﻜ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻩﻭﺸﺘﻴﻭ
ﻲﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ)Kolarevic,2009(ﻀ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺔﺠﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﻻﺍ ﻥﺎﻓ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺒﻭ ،ﻪﺠﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ .
ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻴﻭ.
٢-٣-٥- ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ Evolution Based Models : ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ
ﺽﻤﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻜﺎﺤﻴ لﻜﺸﺒ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻟ ﺱﺎﺴﺄﻜ ﻲﺌﺎﻴﺤﻻﺍ ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺠﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺘﻴﺭﺎﻏﻭﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ
ﻲﺜﺍﺭﻭﻟﺍDNAﺔﻴﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺓﺍﻭﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ . ﺓﺭﻔﺸﻠﻟ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤ ﺔﺒﺎﺜﻤﺒ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺘﻭ
ﻲﺜﺍﺭﻭﻟﺍ ﺽﻤﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺜﺍﺭﻭﻟﺍ . ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ
ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ .ﺎﻌﺒﻷﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻭﺯﺘ ﺩﻨﻋﻭ ﻥﻭﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺩ
ﻲﻨﻴﺠﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺩﺤﻴ ﺎﻤﻟ ﻪﺒﺎﺸﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻲﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﻴﺴ ،ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ
ﻲﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﺌﺎﻜﻠﻟ)Ibid,P.11-28 .( ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﻫﺎﺴ ﺩﻗﻭ)CAM/CAD ( ﺔﻴﺩﺩﻋ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻲﻓ
ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺌﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻜ)،ﻲﺠﺎﻔﺨﻟﺍ٢٠١٥.( ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻴﻭﺔﻴﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺘﻟﺍ .
ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﻴﺠﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻔﺸﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﺘﻭ
)Kolaravic,2000 .(
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﺴ ﺎﻤﻟ ﻕﺒﺴﻤ ﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻠﺨﺘﺴﻨﻭ
ﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻟﺎﺒﻓ ،ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻅﻨﻴﻭ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻱﺭ
ﻱﺫﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﺌﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻻﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻗﻼﻋﻭ
ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ .
٣- ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ Digital Structural Design Process :
ﺎﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﺎﻘﻓﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ لﺜﻤ
ﺔﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﺍ لﻭﻠﺤ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﻹ ﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺞﺘﻨ . ﻥﻴﺴﺩﻨﻬﻤﻠﻟ ﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤ ﺫﺍ
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺜﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﺍ لﻭﻠﺤ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﻹ .ﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ لﻤﻌﻴ ﻥﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻰﻋﺩﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﻴﻭﺴ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﺩﻨﻬ
ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻠﻐﺘﻠﻟ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤﺒ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ . ﻙﻟﺫ ﺞﺘﻨﺍﻭ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ .ﺎﻤﻫﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﻥﻴﻬﺠﻭﺘ ﺕﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﺩﻘﻓ :لﻭﻻﺍ - ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺍ
ﻨﻻﺍ ﺱﺩﻨﻬﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻻﻭﺼﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﻲﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻲﺌﺎﺸ
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ﺏﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ .ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻟﺍ- ﻲﻓ ﺎﻘﺒﺴﻤ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﺒ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﺱﺩﻨﻬﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺍ
ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻺﻟ ﻼﺒﺎﻗ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺴﻭﻟﺍ .
ﻥﻴﺘﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻥﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﻴ .ﺍ ﻑﻨﺼﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ ﺕﺎﺌﻓ ﺙﻼﺜ ﻰﻟ) ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ (ﻲﻫﻭ:
٣-١-ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ :
ﻥﻼﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ . لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺫﺍ
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﺔﻴﻘﻓﺍﻭﺘﺒ لﻜﺸﻟﺍﻭ .ﻴﻭ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻕﺭﻁ ،ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ،لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ،لﻜﺸﻠﻟ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﻡﺘ
ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍﻭ . ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻓ ﻙﻟﺫﻟﻭ ،ﻪﻘﻠﺨ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻼﺨ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻼﻴﺩﻌﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻟﺎﺒ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺢﻤﺴﻴﻭ
ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﻨﻤﻀ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ)Kloft,2006,p.248-
255(، ﻰﻤﺴﻴﻭﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻠﻤﺎﻲﻨﺎﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺎﺒ
)BIM(Building Information Modeling ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺒ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﻓﺭﻌﻴﻭ ،)Pittman( ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ" ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ
ﻭﻼﻋ ،ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ لﻴﻐﺸﺘﻭ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻹﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﺭﺨﻻﺍ ﺭﻭﻤﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﻜﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺒﺴﺤﻟﺎﺒ ﺫﺨﺄﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓ
ﻪﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘ)"Pittman,2009 .( ﻲﻓ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ،لﻜﺸﻟﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﻭ
ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺕﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ . ﻥﻴﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ لﻜ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺓﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﺘﻭ
ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺅﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻤﻌﻟﺎﺒ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺩﺒ ،لﻤﻌﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒﻭ.
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻅﻓﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺼﺨﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻡﺘﻴﻭ
ﺎﻬﻴﻓ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺤﻟﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻭ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﻟ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ،ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻁﺘﻤﻟﺍ)Rappaport, 2010( ،لﺜﻤ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘﻭ)EifForm (ﻭ)MoSS (ﻭ)GENR8 (
ﺎﺘﺴﻴﺘ ﺭﺘﻴﺒﻟ )Peter Testa (ﺭﺴﻴﻭ ﻥﻔﻴﺩﻭ)Devyn Weiser ( ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ)Emergent Design
Group (EDG ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻊﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﺞﻤﺩﺒ
ﺍ لﺎﺨﺩﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺼﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ،ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻷﺍ ،لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﺎﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟ
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺎﺒ .لﺜﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻊﻤ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺘﻭ)Alias Wave Front
Studio (ﻭ)Maya Platforms (ﺭﺎﻬﻅﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ)Testa,2002 .(
ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻭ . ﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﻟﺎﻌﻤ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ
ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻠﻜﻟ لﺩﺎﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ . ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﻡﻬﻓ ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﻻﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﺘ ﺫﺍ- ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ
لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ.
٣-٢- ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ:ﻲﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﺭﻭﺤﻤﻜ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺘﻴ . ﺫﺍ
ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻠﻟ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﺘ . لﻜ ﻡﻴﻤﺎﺼﺘ لﺜﻤﺘﻭ
ﻥﻤ)Arup( ،)Buro Happold (ﻭ)Kristina Shea ( ﺩﻭﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ،ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﺃ ﻰﻟﺍ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ . لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﻡﺘﺘ ﻪﻨﺎﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﺒ ﺫﺨﻻﺍ ﻡﺜ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩﺒﻭ
ﺩﻭﻘﻴﻟ ﺡﻭﻀﻭﺒﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ . ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﺴﻜﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺘﻭ
لﺜﻤ)eifForm ( لﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻻﻭﺼﻭ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﻕﻠﺨﺒ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﺫﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻡﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻟ
لﻀﻓﻻﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻟﺍ)Shea,2002,P.42.( ﺔﺠﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﻭﺍ لﺴﻼﺴﻟﺍ لﺜﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﺯﻴﻓ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻡﺘﻴﻭ
ﺓﺩﻭﺩﺸﻤﻟﺍ)،ﻱﺩﺠﺎﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺸﺭﻤﻟﺍ٢٠١٧(.
٢٠٣
٣-٣-ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ : ﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻡﺘﻴلﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺀﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜ . ﻻﻭ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﻥﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻤﺴﻴ . ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ
ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﻤﺼﻴﺴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﺒ ﺫﺨﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﺒ . ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺎﻘﺤﻻ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻡﺜ
ﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺎﺒ ﻥﻴﺴﺩﻨﻬﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺎ)Kloft, 2006.(
٤ - ﺔﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ Tectonic Patterns : ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﺒ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﺘ
لﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺯﺠﻟﺍ .ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻭ ﻼﻜﺸ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻴ ﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻤﻭ ﺝﺭﺩﺘﻤ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻴ ﺫﺍ . ﻲﻓﻭ
ﺭﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻯﺭﺨﺍ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺏﺴﺤﻓ ﻲﻨﻴﻴﺯﺘ ﺽﺭﻐﻟ لﻜﺸﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻻﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ
ﺄﺒ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﻻﺍﻪﻠﻤﻜﺄﺒ ﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻨﺴﻹ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﻻﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻟ ،ﻪﻠﻤﻜ . ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺢﺒﺼﺘﻭ
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤﺒﻭ ﻪﻠﻤﻜﺄﺒ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ . ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺼ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﺘ ﺫﺍ
ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ لﻜ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﺒ ﻑﺼﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﺘﻟ لﺼﺎﻔﻤﺒ .ﺍ ﻲﻁﻐﻴ ﻉﺎﻨﻘﻜ لﻤﻌﺘﻭ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟ
ﺎﺴﻨﺎﺠﺘﻤﻭ ﺎﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﻪﺤﻨﻤﻟ . ﺩﻗ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻪﻨﻤﻀﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﻤﺴﺎﺤ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺍﺫ ﺀﺯﺠﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻭ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻲﻜﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ لﻌﺠﻴ . ﻲﻜﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻫ ﺢﺒﺼﺘﻭ
ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺩﺩﺤﻤ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟ ﺭﻭﻁﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺹﺎﺨﻭ ﺩﻴﺭﻓ)Moussavi & Kubo,1996 (. ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺒﺴﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﻌﻴﻭ
ﺭﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﺭﻓﻭ ﺎﻤ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺭﺨﻻﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤ ﻰﻨﺒﻤ لﻜ ﺯﻴﻤﺘ ﻰﻟﺍ
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﺩﺭﺠﻤﺒ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻲﻓ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻭﺩﺤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺤﺭﻁ ﻕﺒﺴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﺠﻤﺭﺒﻟﺍﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺍ . لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻭﺒﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﻟﻭ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ
ﻪﺘﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭ ﻭﺃ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﻐﻟ ﺔﻤﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺴﺎﻜﻌﻨﺍﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ.
٤-١-ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ :
ﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺩﻟﻭﺘﺘ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻟ
ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻪﻠﻜﻴﻫﻭ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻜ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻭ
)،ﻲﺠﺎﻔﺨﻟﺍ٢٠١٥ .( لﻜﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻌﻟ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ
ﺕﺎﺌﻓ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﻰﻟﺍ.
٤ -١-١ - ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﻲﻨﻴﻴﺯﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ.
٤ -١-٢ - ،ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﻥﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺍ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ.
٤ -١-٣ -ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻨﺴﻹ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺍ .ﻤﺼﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺫﺍ ﻊﻤ ،ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺜﻼﺜ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﻡﻴ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻨﺴﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻤﺘ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ . ﻯﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻅﻌﻤ ﻭﺍ لﻜﻟ ﺓﺩﻨﺎﺴ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺓﺭﺸﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ لﻜﺎﻴﻫ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺫﺍ
لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻤﻟﺍ . ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﺒ ﺎﻫﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻭ ،ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺭﺼﻨﻌﻜ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﻐﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺸﻘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﺘﻭ
ﺭﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺎﻜ ﻑﺩﻬﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﺘ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺘﺴﻼﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻁﺎﻁﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﻭﻏ
ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍﻭ . ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺓﺭﺸﻘﻠﻟ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ)Kolarevic,2003 .( ﻲﻓﻭ
ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ . لﻤﺸﺘﻭ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﻴﻫ ﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﻨﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻏﺭﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻗﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻁﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﺃ
ﻪﺴﻔﻨ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻟ ﻪﺘﺭﺸﻘﺒ)،ﻲﺠﺎﻔﺨﻟﺍ٢٠١٥.(
٤-٢-ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ :
٤ -٢-١ -ﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻹ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ :ﻰﻟﺍ ﻑﻨﺼﺘﻭ:
٢٠٤
٤ -٢-١ -١-ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ :ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻗ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻙﻠﺘﻤﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺩﺼﻘﻴﻭ.
٤ -٢-٢ -١-ﺔﻜﺭﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ :ﺔﻜﺭﺤﺘﻤ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﻴ ﻥﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺩﺼﻘﻴﻭ . ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴﻭ
ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﺽﺭﻐﻟ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ .ﻻﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻭ ،ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ لﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﺀﺍﺯﺠ
ﺥﺎﻔﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺩﻤﺘﻟﺍ ،ﺹﻠﻘﺘﻟﺍ ،ﻑﺎﻔﺘﻟﻻﺍ . ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻭﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻨﺎﻜﻴﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘﺒ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﺘﺘ ﻥﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ
ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﺯﻓﺎﺤ لﻌﻔﺒ ﻩﻭﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ . ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﺭﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ
ﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻴﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻰﻟﺍ لﻭﺤﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺝﺍﺭﺨﻻﺍﻭ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺕ
ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ)Moreno andCelani,2015.(
٤-٢-٢-ﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻟ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ :
٤-٢-٢-١- ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ Linearity ﻱﺭﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ Periodicity : ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﺘﻭ
ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺭﻜﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻟﺍ . ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻊﻤ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴ ﺭﻓﻭﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﺒﺜ . ﻱﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺍﺫﺍ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴ ﻲﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﺼﻴ
ﻯﺭﺨﻻﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﻲﺒﺴﺎﻨﺘ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺉﺯﺠ . ﻁﺨﺒ ﺔﻴﻀﺎﻴﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ لﻴﺜﻤﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ
ﻡﻴﻘﺘﺴﻤ)Runco,1999 .(
٤-٢-٢-٢- ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ Nonlinearity : ﺔﻟﺩﺎﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻬﻅﺘﻭ
ﻁﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ .ﻯﺭﺨﻻﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺯﺠ لﻜ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ . ﻥﻤ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺞﺘﻨﻴﻭ
ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓ . ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻪﻨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ
ﻥﻤﺯﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻜﻭﻠﺴ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻴ .ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺓﻭﻘﻟﺍ لﻌﻓ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻟﺎﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴﻭ . ﺭﻴﻏ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻭ
ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻟ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻯﺩﺤﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﻲﻁﺨ)لﻗﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ (ﺔﻴﻁﺨ ﺭﻴﻏ)Ibid,p.260.(
٤-٣-ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ :
ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﻕﺭﻁ ﻉﺎﺒﺘﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ . ﻡﻭﻘﻴ
ﺔﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘ لﻤﺍﻭﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﻏ لﻜﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﺜﻜ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘ،
ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﺍﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻅﻭ .ﺘﻴ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺒﻭ ﻡﺠﺤ ،ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺍ ﻥﺎﺸﺒ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍ ﻡﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺢﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﻥﻭﻜﻤ لﻜ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺍﻭ . ﻁﺒﺘﺭﺘ
ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺩﺤﻭ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻔﻠﻐﻤﻟﺍ ﺡﻭﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺩﻟﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ،ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﺎﻜﺸﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ .ﻜ ﺢﻁﺴﻠﻟ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ لﺎﺜﻤ
ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺌﻼﻤﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﺘﻴﺭﺎﻏﻭﻟ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﺜﻤﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻥﻭﺒﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻘﻔﻟ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ . ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﻕﺭﻁ ﻉﺎﺒﺘﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ
ﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟ .ﻲﺘﻻﺎﻜ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻫﺃ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺭﺼﺘﻘﻴﺴ:
٤-٣-١-ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ Self-Organisation : ﻥﻴﺒ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ
ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﺎﻴﺘﺍﺫ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ
ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﺭﺠﻴ . ﻲﻤﺘﻴﺭﺎﻏﻭﻠﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻴﺼﺤ ﺎﻤﻨﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺸﻋ ﺕﺴﻴﻟ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ
ﻲﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ(Moreno and Celani,2015) .ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺤﻨﻤ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺓﺩﻟﻭﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺎﻬﻋﺍﻭﻨﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ )NURBS( ،
ﻕﻴﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﻰﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍDeep Pattern ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ
ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻟﺎﺒ ﻑﺼﺘﻤ . ﺎﻬﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺍﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﻤﻜﺘﻭ)Larsen, 2014( ،
ﻴﻗ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﺎﻤﻤﻲﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻑﺼﺘﺘﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﺠ ﻡ . ﻥﻋ ﺔﻠﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ
ﻪﻌﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﻭﺍ ﺎﻬﻔﻠﺨ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ . ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺞﻤﺩﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﻭ
٢٠٥
ﻌﺘ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤ ﺏﻋﻭﺘﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﻜﻤﺈﺒﻭ ،ﺔﻓﺭﺨﺯﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺡﻭﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﺭ
ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ)Colletti,2013.(
٤-٣-٢- ﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ:Parametric ﻊﻤ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺡﻭﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘﻭ
ﻲﻓ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﻀﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﻟﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ
ﺎﻬﻌﻗﺍﻭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﺘﻟ ﺎﻬﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨﻭ ﺎﻬﺴﺎﻴﻗ . ﻑﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺢﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﺘﻭ
ﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻘﺒﺴﻤﺎﻬﺒ ﺩﻭﺯﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺞﻤ . ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﻻﻭ
ﻲﻓ ﺭﺒﻜﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﻀﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﻟﻭ ﻲﻁﺨ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻊﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ
لﻴﻜﺸﺘﻟﺍ)Larsen, 2014.(
٤-٣-٣- ﻉﺭﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﺒﻭﻁ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ Branching Topologies: ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﺒ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﺘﻭ
ﺎﻬﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﻀﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﻟﻭ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺜﻼﺜ ﺓﺭﺤ لﺎﻜﺸﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ، لﺜﻤ ﺎﻬﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻤﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘﻴﻭ
ﻡﺎﻅﻨ(L-system) ﺎﻴﻤﺘﻴﺭﺎﻏﻭﻟ ﺕﺎﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺭﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻟ .
٤-٣-٤- ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ Performance :ﺍ لﺨﺩﺘ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺍﻭ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻟ
ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺍ . ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺒﺭ ﻡﺘﻴﻭ
ﺎﻬﻴﻁﻐﺘ.
٤-٣-٥-ﺔﻴﻭﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ()Cell : ﺔﻴﻭﻀﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﻟﻭ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟ ﻪﻴﻜﺎﺤﻤ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ
ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻡﺘﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺎﻫ)Cellular Automation CA) (Moreno and Celani ,
2015.(
٥-ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﺹﻼﺨﺘﺴﺍ :
ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﺔﺘﺴ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺎﻬﺒﻴﻭﺒﺘ ﻡﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺎﺜﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺹﻼﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘ:
ﻻﻭﺍ:ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ لﻤﺸﺘﻭ ،ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ :١ -ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻁﺨﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ .٢ - ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻁﺨﻤﻠﻟ. ٣-ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ،ﻔﻤ لﻤﺸﺘﻭﺕﺍﺩﺭ :١ -ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ .
٢ - ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ)ﻱﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ .(٣-ﺓﻭﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ .٤- ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ .٥ -
ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ.
ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺜ: ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ . ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ لﻤﺸﻴﻭ١ - ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ .٢-ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋلﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ .٣-ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ.
ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺜ:ﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ لﻤﺸﻴﻭ ، :١-ﻥﻴﻴﺯﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ .٢ - ﻥﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ
ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ .٣- ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻨﺴﻹ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ.
ﺎﻌﺒﺍﺭ:ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ لﻤﺸﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻹ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ :١-ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ. ٢- ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ
ﺔﻜﺭﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ.
ﺎﺴﻤﺎﺨ:ﻟﻭﺘ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻟ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ لﻤﺸﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺩﻴ :١- ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ .
٢ -لﻤﺸﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ :١-ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ .٢ -ﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ .٣-ﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌ
ﻉﺭﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﺒﻭﻁ ﻰﻠﻋ .٤-ﻻﺍﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨ .٥-ﺔﻴﻭﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ .
ﺎﺴﺩﺎﺴ:ﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲ /ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ.
٢٠٦
٦-ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ :
ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻑﺩﻬﺒ ،ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﺘ
ﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺎﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺔ
ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻠﻜ .ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﻠﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻜﺭﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ.
٦-١-ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤ : ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺍﺩﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻡﺘ
ﻥﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺤﺭﺸ ﻕﺒﺴ.
٦-٢-ﻪﺘﻘﻴﺭﻁﻭ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﺍ : ﻰﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻲﻔﺼﻭﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ
ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﺭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ .ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟ ﺎﻬﻋﺎﺒﺘﺍ ﻡﺘﻴﺴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻟﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ.
٦-٣-ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ : ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺴﻠﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻕﺒﺎﻁﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻡﺘ
ﺎﻬﻨﻤ لﻜﻟ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻟﺎﺤ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺹﺨﻴ. ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻑﺼﻭ ﻡﺘﻴﺴ
ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﻠﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺠﺍ ﺽﺭﻐﻟ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺩﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ .ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻡﺘﻴﺴﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ
ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻗﺭﻤﻟﺍ لﻭﺍﺩﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﺨﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﻠﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ١ ﻰﻟﺍ ٩.
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ)٢ (ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺴﻭﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻁﺨﻤﻟﺍ لﻴﻭﺤﺘ .
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ
ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ)١(ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ، )Municipal Funeral Hall (ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻠﻟ )Toyo Ito ( ﻲﻓ
)Kakamigahara (ﻥﺎﺒﺎﻴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ) Detail, 2008.(
ﺭﻭﺼ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻁﻁﺨﻤ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﻉﻭﻨ ﺓﺭﻜﻓﻭ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﻭﻫﻭ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻐﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺸﻴ ﺩﻘﻌﻤ لﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻏﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﻤ ﻁﻴﺴﺒ ﻱﻭﺩﻴ ﻁﻁﺨﻤﺒ ﺕﺃﺩﺒ ،ﻡﺘﺂﻤ ﺔﻋﺎﻗ
ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﻕﻭﻓ ﻭﻔﻁﺘ.ﻊﻗﻭﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﺒﺠﻠﻟ ﻯﺩﺼ لﺜﻤﻴﻭ .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ
ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺴﻭﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻁﺨﻤﻟﺍ لﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﻡﺘ )Repeated Passes of
Pefinement Algorithm (لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻰﻠﻋﻻﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﻔﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﻘﺴﻟﺍ ﺢﻨﻤﻟ . ﺍﺫ ﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﺍﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﺍ
ﺓﺭﺭﻜﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺤﻨﻤ .لﺨﺩﺘ ﻥﻭﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﻟﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﻤﺘﻭ . ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘ ﻊﻗﻭﺘﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺎﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨ ﻼﻜﺸ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺞﺘﻨﺍﻭ
)Detail,2008.(
ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﻓﻭﺘﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ .ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﺫﺍﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﺱﺩﻨﻬﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﻘﺴﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﻓﻭﺘﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ .ﺕﺎﻘﺒﻁﻟﺍ ﺝﻭﺩﺯﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺠﺯﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﺘ ﺫﺍ
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺘ .
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ / ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ
)ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ( ﻥﺎﻓ ،ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻟﺎﺒﻓ
ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﻻ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ . ﻲﻓ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻻ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻭ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ.
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ)٣ (ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﻱﻭﺩﻴﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﻲﺜﻼﺜﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ
عوﺮﺸﻤﻟا ﻢﺳا
ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ)٢( ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ،)Marta Herford Museum (ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ )Frank Gehry( ﻲﻓ
)Herford( ﺎﻴﻨﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ)Marine et. al.,2008.(
٢٠٧
ﺭﻭﺼ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﻜﻓﻭ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﻥﻭﻨﻔﻠﻟ ﺕﻗﺅﻤ ﺯﻜﺭﻤ.ﺔﻴﺩﺩﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻅﻭﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﻓ .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻪﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ،ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﻲﺜﻼﺜﻟﺍ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻱﺭﺠﺍ ﻡﺜ ،ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﻱﻭﺩﻴ ﻲﻟﻭﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻊﻨﺼ ﻡﺘ
ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﺒ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺴﻭﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻪﻠﻘﻨ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻊﻗﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻭ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻟﺍCATIA .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ :ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﻐﻴﺼ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺕﺃﺩﺒ . ﻡﺎﻗ ﺙﻴﺤ
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﻭﺘﺤﻻ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﻟ ،ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﻐﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﺒ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ . ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﻙﻟﺫﺒ ﺩﺩﺤﻭ
ﺎﻬﻌﻤ ﺎﻤﺠﺴﻨﻤ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻹﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻟ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺓﺭﺭﻘﻤﻟﺍ . ﺩﻟﻭ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﺱﺩﻨﻬﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﺩﻟ ﺔﺒﻭﻌﺼ
ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺎﻬﻴﻘﺒﻴﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻨﺤﻨﺍ ﺩﻨﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ لﻘﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ)Marine et. al.,2008.(
ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا
تﺎﮭﺟاﻮﻠﻟ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ : ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘSPP 1542ﺘﻗﺅﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺎﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔ
ﺔﻴﺘﻴﺭﻜﻨﻭﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺩﺠﻟﺍ ﺏﺼﻟ)Hickertb,2015.(
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ.
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ / ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ
)ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ( ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺎﺼﻔﻨﻻﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ
ﻜﻴﻬﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟل.
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ)٤ (ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﺠﻭﻟﻭﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ -ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻗ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ)٣ (ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ)The Bubble, BMW Exhibition Pavilion( ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ)Bernhard
Franken and ABB Architects( ﺕﺭﻭﻔﻜﻨﺍﺭﻓ ﻲﻓ– ،ﺎﻴﻨﺎﻤﻟﺃ ١٩٩٩)Kolarevic,2000.(
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺼ
ﺓﺭﻜﻓﻭ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺴ ﺽﺭﻌﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ . ،ﻥﻴﺠﻭﺭﺩﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺠﻭﺭﺩﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻁﻟﺍ لﺎﺼﺤﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﻼﻟ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﻓ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻜ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻗ ﺕﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﻙﻟﺫﻟ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﻤﻴﻗ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ.
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒﻜ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻗ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍ ﻡﺘ .ﺭﻁﻘﻟﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﺫﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﻱﻭﺭﻜﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺓ
ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻟﻭ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻬﺼﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺘﺭﻁﻘﻟ ﻲﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺤﻁﺴﻟﺍ ﺩﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﻭﻗ
ﺓﺭﻁﻘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻟ ﻲﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ)Kloft,2006.(
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ
ﺀﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻡﺘ .ﻴﻭﻟﻭﻻﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺍ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ،ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻜﺤﺘ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ .ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺸﺒ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻭ)Franken,2009,p.125( .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ
لﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘ )NURBS( ﻋ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺎﺒ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻰﻠ.
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺘ.
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ
/
ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ
)ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ( ﺩﻨﺎﺴﻟﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﺘ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻟ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ،
٢٠٨
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﺴﻘﺘﻠﻟ
ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ .
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ)٥ (ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍﻲﺠﻭﻟﻭﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ -ﺔﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﻀﻌﻟﺍ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ)٤ ( ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻀﺎﻴﺭﻟﺍ ﺭﻁﻗ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﻤﺘﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ لﺨﺩﻤ)Arata
Isozaki( ،ﺭﻁﻗ ،ﺔﺤﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ٢٠١١) Burry,2010.(
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺼ
ﺓﺭﻜﻓﻭ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻠﻟ ﺫﻼﻤﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﺍﺭﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺯﻤﺭ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺭﺠﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﻓ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺕﺍﺭﻤﺘﺅﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻨﻁﻭ ﺯﻜﺭﻤ
ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺎﺸﺘﻠﻟ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﺼﻏﺍ ﺕﺤﺘ ﻥﻭﻌﻤﺠﺘﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻤﻴﺩﺎﻜﻻﺍﻭ.
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﻏﺭﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻀﺭﻷﺍ ﻕﺒﺎﻁﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﻀﺭﺃ ﻥﻴﺩﻨﺴﻤ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒ
ﻱﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻑﻘﺴﻟﺍ . ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ لﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﻡﺘEESO Extended
Evolutionary Structural Optimization ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﺤﻻﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﺒ ﺫﺨﻻﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺠﺸﻟﺍ لﻜﺸ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗﻭ .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ
ﺍ ﻲﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻺﻟ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻕﻁﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﻘﺘ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻉﺎﺒﺘﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋ
ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻨﺴﻻﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﻅﺎﻔﺘﺤﻻﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ)Burry,2010.(
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ :ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ.
ﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ.
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ / ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ
)ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ( ﻲﻓ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﻴ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻥﻻ
لﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﺝﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ)٦ (ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍﻱﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ
ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ )٥ (ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ)Beijing National Aquatics Center ( ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ)PTW
Architects (ﻥﻴﻜﺒ ﻲﻓ- ﻥﻴﺼﻟﺍ )Burrows and Simpson,2009.(
ﻁﻁﺨﻤ
ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻭ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﻜﻓﻭ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﺒﻤﻟﻭﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺒﺎﺴﻤﻠﻟ ﺯﻜﺭﻤ. ﺭﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺤﻭﺘﺴﺍﻥﻤ ﺓ ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﻐﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻟﺍ
ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁﻟﺍ لﻜﺎﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘﻟ ﻥﻭﺒﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻘﻔﻟ.
ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻴ . ﻭﺴﺩﻨﻬﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻤﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ
ﺔﻜﺭﺸ)Arup( ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﻏ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹ)Parametric Design Platform of CATIA.(
ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻠﻜﯿﮭﻟا
ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا
ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﻭﻭ لﻜﺸﻭ ﻡﺠﺤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘ . ﻲﺌﺎﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﻲﺌﺎﻀﻔﻟﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜﻟ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﻤﻭ لﻜﻴﻫ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻟ ﻲﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﺃﺩﺒﻤﻜ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻻﺍ ﻲﺜﻼﺜ
ﺎﻌﻤ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍﻭ)Leach et. al.,2004.(
ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ :لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ.
٢٠٩
تﺎﮭﺟاﻮﻠﻟ
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻊﺒﺘﺘ.
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ / ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ
) ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ (ﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻻ
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ)٧ ( ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ- ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍﺓﻭﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ )٦ (ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ )BMW Frankfurt Motorshow Pavilion (ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ
)Bernhard Franken( ،ﺎﻴﻨﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ٢٠٠١ )Liu and Lim,2006(.
ﻭ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﻜﻓﻭ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺴ ﺽﺭﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﻓ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺒﺴﺘ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻗﻭﻤ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ لﻭﺨﺩ ﺔﻅﺤﻟ ﺭﻭﺼﺘ
ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻋﺭﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻟ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﻌﺒﻨﺎﺒ ﺍﺭﺜﺍ ﻙﺭﺘﺘﻭ ،ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ(Liu and Lim,2006) .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺤﺄﻜ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﻁﻴﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻗﻭﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﺘﺴﺍ)Key-
Frame(ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻙﻟﺫﻜﻭ ،)CAD/CAM( ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻥﻋ ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﺩﺸﻟﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﻲﺌﺎﻀﻔﻟﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻬﻅﻹ
ﻊﻗﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ لﻭﺨﺩ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺍ لﻴﺠﻌﺘﻟﺍ)Ibid,p.295.(
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻟﺍﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻤﺼﻭ ،ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻁﻘﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﻘﺘﺸﺍ ﻡﺘ.
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ
لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻠﺼﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻻﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺕﻤﻤﺼ .ﺎﻤﻋﺎﻨ ﺍﺭﻬﻅﻤ ﺕﺫﺨﺘﺍﻭ )Ibid,p.294.(
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺘ.
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ / ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ
)ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ( ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﻻ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺎﻓ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻟﺎﺒ ،ﺩﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍ
ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ.
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ)٨ ( ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ-ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ)٧ ( ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ،)Kunsthaus Graz( ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ)Peter Cook and Colin
Fournier( ﻲﻓ)Graz ( ﻲﻓﺎﻴﻟﺍﺭﺘﺴﺍ ،٢٠٠٣) Liu and Lim,2006.(
ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻭ ﻁﻁﺨﻤ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﻜﻓﻭ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﻥﻔﻠﻟ ﻑﺤﺘﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻁ ﻥﻭﻟﺎﺒﻜ ﺏﻴﺭﻏ لﻜﺸ ﺍﺫ ﻰﻨﺒﻤ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻏﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﻓ ﻡﻭﻘﺘﻭ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ لﻘﺘﺴﻤ)Fournier and Peter,2003,p.1.(
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﻊﻤ ﺔﻌﻁﺎﻘﺘﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻀﺭﻌﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﻁﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﺴﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺕﻤﺘ
ﻪﻠﻜ لﻜﻴﻬﻠﻟ ﻲﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﺜﻠﺜﻤ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺎﻬﻀﻌﺒ)Kloft,2006 .(
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺫﺨﺘﺍلﻜﻜ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ . ﺀﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺴﺤﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻪﻠﻜﺸ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ
٢١٠
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻡﺘ ﻑﻘﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺜﺍ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹﺎﺒ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﺒﺜ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯﻜ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ
ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹ ﺕﺎﺘﻭﺒﻭﺭﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻘﻨﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﻏ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﻡﺘ)ﻑﻘﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻠﺼﺎﻓ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﻻ ﺙﻴﺤ ( ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺎﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ
ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺎﻤﺠﺤ ﺭﻐﺼﺍ ﺔﻴﺜﻠﺜﻤ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭ ﻰﻟﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ(FEN) Finite-Element Method ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ
ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺎﺴﺄﻜ ﻲﺌﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘﻟﺍﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ )Kolarevic,2009.(
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺘ.
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ / ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ
)ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ( ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻟﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ
ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ ﻪﻗﺎﻘﺘﺸﺍ ﻡﺘ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ . ﺏﻌﻠﺘ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻓ ﻙﻟﺫﺒﻭ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ لﻤﺎﺤﻟﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ.
ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ)٩ ( ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ-ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ ﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔ)٨( ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ،)Iidabashi Station ( ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ)Makoto Sei Watanabe ( ﻲﻓ
ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻁ- ،ﻥﺎﺒﺎﻴﻟﺍ ٢٠٠٠ )Liu and Lim,2006.(
ﺭﻭﺼﻭ ﻁﻁﺨﻤﺓ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﻜﻓﻭ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ
ﻕﺎﻔﻨﺃ ﻭﺭﺘﻤ ﺔﻁﺤﻤ . ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﺍ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻠﺜﺎﻤﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ"ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺫﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﻤﻨ "The
Architectural Seed ﻰﻟﺍ لﻭﺤﺘﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻗﺍﺭﻭﺍ ﻭﻤﻨﺘﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺫﺠ ﺩﻤﺘﻭ ﻭﻤﻨﺘﺴ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺀﻭﻀﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺒ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ
ﺓﺭﻫﺯ.
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻟﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ : ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﻫﺯﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺸﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻕﺍﺭﻭﻸﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﺒ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻡﺘ
ﻲﻋﺎﻨﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﻜﺫﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ)An Artificial Intelligence (AI ﺕﻨﻤﻀﺘﻭ ،
ﻥﻴﺘﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ :ﻀﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻁﺘﻤﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﻰﻟﻭﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺎﺒ ﻯﺭﺨﻻﺍﻭ ،ﻲﺌﺎ
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ .
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ
ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻭﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺎﻴﺒﻭﺴﺎﺤ ﻪﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ لﺠﻷ ﻲﻜﺒﺸ لﻜﻴﻫ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻡﺘ
ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﻭﻐﻀﻠﻟ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ لﻜﻴﻬﻠﻟ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻜﺎﻤﺴ ﺕﻤﻤﺼ )Liu and Lim,2006.(
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ :
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻲﻓ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ.
ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ
ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺘ.
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ / ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ
)ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ( ،ﻥﺍ ﺫﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺭﻬﻅﻴﻭ ﻥﻼﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ.
٦-٣- ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤ:ﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻡﺘ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤ
ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻟ ﺎﻘﺒﻁﻭ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ لﻜﻟ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺩﻻﺍ ﻑﺼﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ،ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻟﺎﺤ لﻜﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﻠﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ
ﻥﻤ لﻭﺍﺩﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺤﻴﻀﻭﺘ ﻡﺘ ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻻﺍ٢ ﻰﻟﺍ ٩ ،ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻐﻟ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﻤﻀﺘ ﻡﺜ ،
ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻜﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻭﺌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ لﺎﺼﺤﺘﺴﻻ ﻡﻗﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ١٠.
٢١١
ﻢﻗر لوﺪﺟ)١٠ ( سﺎﯿﻘﻟا ةرﺎﻤﺘﺳا ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﺨﺘﻨﻤﻟا ﻊﯾرﺎﺸﻤﻟا ﻖﯿﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻧرﺎﻘﻣ ﺢﺿﻮﯾ)رﺪﺼﻤﻟا :ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟا(
ﺔﯿﺳارﺪﻟا تﻻﺎﺤﻟا ﻢﻗر ةدﺮﻔﻤﻟا
ﺔﯿﺴﯿﺋﺮﻟا
ﺔﯿﻋﺮﻔﻟا تادﺮﻔﻤﻟا
١ ٢ ٣ ٤ ٥ ٦ ٧ ٨
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟا
ﺔﯾﻮﺌﻤﻟا
راﺮﻜﺘﻠﻟ
تﺎﻄﻄﺨﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا ﺢﺴﻤﻟا
ﺔﯾوﺪﯿﻟا.
12.5%
جذﺎﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا ﺢﺴﻤﻟا
ﺔﯿﻟوﻻا ﺔﯾوﺪﯿﻟا
12.5%
ﺔﯿﺟﻮﻟﻮﯿﺒﻟا
25%
يﺮﺘﯿﻣارﺎﺒﻟا
12.5%
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻢﺋﺎﻘﻟا
ةﻮﻘﻟاو ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟا
12.5%
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻢﺋﺎﻘﻟا
ﺔﯿﺋادﻷا
12.5%
تﺎﯿﻠﻤﻋ
ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺘﻟا
ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا
ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا
جذﺎﻤﻧ
ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺘﻟا
ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻢﺋﺎﻘﻟا
رﻮﻄﺘﻟا
12.5%
ﺔﺒﻛﺮﻤﻟا ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟا
50%
ﻞﻜﯿﮭﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟا
25%
ﻦﯿﺑ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟا
ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺘﻟا
ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا
ﻞﻜﺸﻠﻟ
ﻞﻜﯿﮭﻟاو
ﺔﯿﻄﺨﻟا ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟا
25%
ﻲﻨﯿﯾﺰﺘﻟا روﺪﻟا 0%
ﺔﮭﺟاﻮﻠﻟ نﻮﻜﻤﻟا ﻞﻜﯿﮭﻟا
37.5%
رود
طﺎﻤﻧﻷا
ﺔﯿﻜﯿﻧﻮﺘﻜﺘﻟا
ﻲﻓ
تﺎﮭﺟاﻮﻟا
دﺎﻨﺳﻹ ﻲﺳﺎﺳﻻا ﻞﻜﯿﮭﻟا
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟا
37.5%
ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟا طﺎﻤﻧﻻا
100% طﺎﻤﻧا
تﺎﮭﺟاﻮﻟا
ﺎﻌﺒﺗ
ﺔﯿﻧﺎﻜﻣﻹ
ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟا
ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻤﻟا طﺎﻤﻧﻻا 0%
طﺎﻤﻧﻷا
ﺔﯿﻄﺨﻟا
12.5%
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺘﻟا تاذ
ﻲﺗاﺬﻟا
12.5%
ﺔﯾﺮﺘﯿﻣارﺎﺒﻟا
37.5%
ﻰﻠﻋ ةﺪﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟا
ﺎﯿﺟﻮﻟﻮﺑﻮﻃ
عﺮﻔﺘﻟا
12.5%
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟا
ﺔﯿﺋادﻷا
25%
طﺎﻤﻧا
تﺎﮭﺟاﻮﻟا
ﺎﻌﺒﺗ
ﺔﻘﯾﺮﻄﻟ
ﻂﻤﻨﻟا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
ﺎﯿﻤﻗر
طﺎﻤﻧﻷا
ﺮﯿﻏ
ﺔﯿﻄﺨﻟا
ﺔﯾﻮﻠﺨﻟا 0%
ﺔﯿﻤﻗﺮﻟا طﺎﻤﻧﻷا ﻲﻓ ﻚﯿﻧﻮﺘﻜﺘﻟا ﺔﻤﯿﻗ ﺮﻓﻮﺗ
تﺎﮭﺟاﻮﻠﻟ
0%
٧-١ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ :
ﻲﺘﻻﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ :
ﺔﻴﺠﻴﻭﻟﻭﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟ ﻰﻠﻋﻻﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ .
ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺒﺘﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻠﻟ ﻰﻠﻋﻻﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ.
ﻥﻭﻜﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻟ ﻰﻠﻋﻻﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻨﺴﻹ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ.
ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻹ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﻰﻠﻋﻻﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ.
ﻰﻠﻋﻻﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﻻﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺓﺩﻟﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺔﻴﺭﺘﻴﻤﺍﺭﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎ.
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺒ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﺔﺒﺴﻨ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ٥٠.%
٢١٢
٧-٢-ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ :
لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻟ ﺏﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﻅﻭﺘ ﻥﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ
ﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻜﻌﻨﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻗﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕ)٨ ( ﻭ)٧ .( ﻻ ﺩﻗﻭ
ﻻ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺒﻭ ،ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻲﻓ لﺍﻭﺤﻻﺍ لﻜ ﻲﻓ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ
ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ)١ ( ﻭ)٦( ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻟﺎﺒﻓ ،
ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺍ ﻻﺍ ،ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ .
لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻻﻭﺍ ﻡﻤﺼ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﻴ
ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ . ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﺎﻫﺩﻨﻋ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﻴ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺎﻓ
ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ)٥ ( ﻭ)٤ .(
ﻲﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻻﻭﺍ ﻡﻤﺼ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﻴ . ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﻻ ﻙﻟﺫﺒﻭ
ﻰﻨﺒﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﻻ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻻ ،ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ )٢ (
ﻭ)٣.(
٧-٣-ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﻻﺍ :
ﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ لﻭﺤﺘ ﻩﺩﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﻡﺜ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻭﺎﻌﻤﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼ)ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ( ﻰﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻨﻫﺫﻟﺍ ﻡﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻁﺒﺭ ﻡﺜ ﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ.
ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ لﺜﻤﺘ
ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻭ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ.
لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺎﻤﺠ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ
ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﺎﻓ ﺎﻫﺀﺎﻔﺨﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺍ ،لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻟ ﻯﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤ ﺭﺎﻬﻅﺈﺒ ﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺍﻭ
ﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺅﻴﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭ.
ﻤﺼﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻻ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﻴ
ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﻭ ،ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﺍﻭﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻀﻴﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻨﺍﻭ ،ﺏﺴﺤﻓ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻻﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ
ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻠﻜ ﻭﺃ لﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ لﻜﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﻤﻀﺘﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻨﻤﻀﺘﻤ.
٨-ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻟﺍ :
ﻥﺴﺤﻤ ﻲﻠﻋ ،ﻲﺠﺎﻔﺨﻟﺍ، ٢٠١٥،ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻴﻨﻭﺘﻜﺘﻟﺍ . ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻟﺍ ،ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟ ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻟﺍ ٣٠ ﺩﺩﻌﻟﺍ ،
)١ -٢.(
ﻡﻟﺎﺴ .ﻥﺯﺎﻤ ﺎﻨﺭ ،ﻱﺩﻬﻤ ؛ﺱﺎﻨﻴﺍ،٢٠١٧،ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﺤﻻﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤ .لﺒﺎﺒ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ /
ﺩﺩﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻟﺍ٣ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻟﺍ ، ٢٥ .
ﻱﺩﺸﺭﻤﻟﺍ،ﺴﺎﺒ ،ﻱﺩﺠﺎﻤﻟﺍ ؛ﻡﻅﺎﻜ ﺭﺎﺒﺠ ﺝﺍﺭﺴ ﻡﺸﺎﻫ ﻥﺴﺤ ﻡ،٢٠١٧، ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻟﺍ لﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤ ﺭﺜﺃ
ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ .لﺒﺎﺒ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ/ ﺩﺩﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺴﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻟﺍ )٦( ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻟﺍ ،)٢٥ .(
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