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This study aims to investigate how the timing of review posting influences the associated hotel rating. Utilizing data collected from a major travel review website, the authors estimate a hierarchical linear regression that reveals a positive relationship between temporal contiguity (i.e., the closeness between check-in time and the time when a review is posted) and review extremity, as measured by deviation from the hotel’s average rating. Moreover, two moderating factors in this relationship are highlighted: experience valence and reviewer expertise. More specifically, the positive effect of temporal contiguity on review extremity is significant only for negative traveler experiences, and this effect decreases as reviewer expertise increases. The major empirical results are further confirmed through robustness checks that apply a different range of temporal contiguity, alternative rules defining positive/negative valence, different estimation methods, and correction for endogeneity bias, respectively. Lastly, theoretical and practical implications are provided based on the empirical findings.
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... Literature [17] holds that social factors, family factors, school factors, and their own factors, respectively, constitute the external and internal factors that affect contemporary college students' view of job selection. Literature [18] found that there are five main factors affecting college students' job selection in this area, namely, regional factors, salary factors, career development factors, ownership factors, and career cognition factors. ...
... In the information age, there are no more than active and passive ways to obtain data, but in this information overload age, it is extremely important for information filtering. Recommendation algorithm can well find the information that people crave, and collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm brings personalized service to people [18]. Single recommendation algorithm has its own disadvantages, and hybrid recommendation algorithm will avoid the disadvantages of single algorithm and make the recommendation effect better [20]. ...
As the pillar industry of tourism, the hotel industry plays an important role in the present and future development of tourism. Therefore, the industry’s demand for hotel management professionals is increasing. In this paper, the mixed personalized recommendation algorithm is used to carry out descriptive statistical analysis on the results, and the characteristics of the employment tendency of college students majoring in hotel management are preliminarily understood. In addition, the influence of human capital and social capital on college students’ employment tendency is discussed. The results show that, through experiments, the hybrid personalized recommendation algorithm proposed in this paper is compared with two traditional collaborative filtering recommendation algorithms based on users, Pearson similarity and cosine similarity. The algorithm in this paper has smaller MAE, which shows that the algorithm proposed in this paper has higher recommendation quality. Through this research, it is helpful to have a more comprehensive understanding of the actual situation and characteristics of the employment tendency of hotel management major college students, and it also provides the policy basis for the government and relevant departments to make employment decisions.
... A few other studies focused on temporal distance in different contexts on review ratings (Huang et al. 2016;Li et al. 2019;Stamolampros and Korfiatis 2018;Yang et al. 2018;Wu et al. 2021). For example, in the context of restaurants, Huang et al. (2016) found that the temporal distance of review and consumption has a positive effect on review rating. ...
... A few studies, more relevant to the present study, have focused on the effect of temporal distance on review ratings given to consumption experiences (Huang et al. 2016;Li et al. 2019;Stamolampros and Korfiatis 2018;Yang et al. 2018;Wu et al. 2021). All these studies found that temporal distance to consumption experience is positively associated with review rating. ...
Customers are increasingly using online reviews in their purchase decision-making processes. As sellers benefit from displaying several reviews with favorable ratings, many sellers solicit reviews from customers. When a customer places an order on an e-commerce platform, the seller gets a notification to fulfill the order, and the customer is notified of the estimated delivery date. Some customers receive their products on time, while others receive their orders either earlier or later than the notified delivery date. After customers receive their products, the sellers often solicit reviews. This research focuses on the impact of delivery performance on review ratings. Specifically, this study addresses two questions: (1) Do customers reward sellers for early delivery in the same way they penalize them for late deliveries? (2) What is the role of the temporal distance of rating in online ratings in the context of delivery performance? The study estimates ordinal logit models in the Bayesian framework. Findings of the study indicate that customers give much lower (a little higher) ratings to orders delivered late (early) than to orders delivered on time. Further, the findings indicate that temporal distance is positively associated with ratings for late deliveries. The study discusses the theoretical and managerial implications of these results.
... Consistently, we find that a tourist's expertise reduces the positive relationship between image congruence and the tourist's experience evaluation. This result suggests that tourists with a high level of expertise have higher standards and are emotionally numb when making evaluations (Yang et al., 2018(Yang et al., , 2022Z. Zhang et al., 2016). ...
Inaccurate promotional information about tourist destinations may result in tourists' negative evaluations. This study proposes a new approach to measure the congruence between projected and received images of a destination's attractions. Based on online textual data, this study investigates how image congruence influences tourists' evaluations of their destination experiences. Using promotional messages and reviews of attractions in Hainan, China obtained from a leading Chinese online travel agency (Ctrip) and a three-way fixed-effects regression model, this study demonstrates that image congruence positively affects tourists' appraisal of their destination experiences. External crises (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic), the readability of promotional messages, and tourists' expertise moderate this relationship, reducing the positive impact of image congruence on tourist experience evaluation. This study bridges theoretical and empirical gaps in destination image (in)congruence research, informing tourism marketing agencies of effective promotional strategies in different contexts.
... Despite its essential role, posting day is less discussed in the literature than other metrics of online reviews, such as valence (Xie et al., 2014;Zhang et al., 2016), volume (Xie & So, 2018) and variance . One exception is Yang et al. (2018), which examines the impact of temporal contiguity on review extremity. Further research is needed on online posting day. ...
With the popularity of user-generated content (UGC), an increasing number of studies have investigated its impact on business performance. However, prior studies were limited to a single platform and showed the effects of UGC of a platform, for example, customer textual comments or customer numeral ratings, on sales/reservation of the same platform. In practice, users often refer to a UGC, for example, Instagram, and purchase it on other platforms. To incorporate the spillover effect, we considered the restaurant industry because it has active participation across various channels. Using topic modelling, we first identified from Instagram four topics of users’ interest regarding a restaurant, such as location, nightlife, food and celebration. From fixed effects models’ estimation, we found that (a) recommendation and mention of Instagram have positive effects, and (b) comments of location and food also have positive significant fixed effects, but (c) the impact of Instagram volume is curvilinear and positive significant effect the sales. Since the curvilinear effects may come from reverse causality, that is, higher reservation, might bring more customers and comments on social networking service (SNS) (echo verse effect in our paper). Therefore, we further analysed two-way Granger causality and panel vector autoregression to identify the endogeneity, and the results showed the existing Granger causality loop between OpenTable review and Instagram post volumes.
Purpose
More hotels are beginning to embrace green practices given increasing awareness of sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to examine factors contributing to hotels’ participation in TripAdvisor’s GreenLeaders program.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on a sample of 48,064 hotels from 328 destinations in 29 countries, the authors leverage a multi-level logit model to examine antecedents of GreenLeaders participation. A multi-level ordered logit model is then estimated to uncover factors influencing the ranking of this participation.
Findings
Empirical results indicate that hotels with a larger size, a higher class, a better online reputation, greater reliance on business travelers, fewer neighboring hotels and a more long-term-oriented culture are more apt to join the program. Online reputation factors, hotel size and the number of neighboring hotels explain GreenLeaders hotels’ rankings. A series of robustness checks reinforces the results.
Practical implications
The results shed light on green program design and promotion. These findings can help hotel practitioners identify ideal target markets and better use their organizational resources to establish green programs. Several strategies can be implemented to promote hotels’ commitment to sustainability and to encourage guests’ awareness of and involvement in green practices.
Originality/value
This study enriches knowledge of sustainable hospitality and tourism. The findings of this study also address corporate social responsibility by analyzing factors that can promote and inhibit GreenLeaders program participation. Further, as a complement to hotel- and location-specific factors, the authors scrutinize the effects of cultural features in shaping green strategies.
The proliferation of mobile devices allows consumers to post online reviews whenever they want, which has attracted increasing attention in the area of e-WOM. Combining social exchange theory with construal level theory, this research explores the impacts of mobile device usage and temporal distance on consumer post-consumption evaluations reflected by both review rating and text sentiments. We empirically analyzed 121,224 online reviews from TripAdvisor. The results show that the direct impact of mobile device usage on consumer evaluations is significantly negative, but temporal distance presents a positive effect. Moreover, temporal distance significantly alleviates the negative relationship between mobile device usage and consumer evaluations. Multiple robustness checks are conducted and support our conclusions. Additional subgroup analyses reveal that there is an asymmetric influence between the negative and positive rating extremity. Besides, the text sentiments from positive, negative, and moderate subgroups receive different effect sizes from our proposed treatments. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
This study aims to explore the impacts of temporal contiguity (i.e., time proximity between review writing and consumption) on review helpfulness. Integrating construal level theory and attribution theory, this study constructs a moderated mediation model to uncover the direct and indirect impact of temporal contiguity and the moderating effect of experience valence. Utilizing 140,578 hotel reviews collected from TripAdvisor, this study conducts the two-step analysis and demonstrates the findings as follows: (a) the main effect of temporal contiguity on review helpfulness is positive and significant; (b) temporal contiguity is associated with the strengthening of review extremity and review depth, which leads to a further increase in review helpfulness, moreover, the mediation effects are partial; (c) experience valence significantly moderates the mediation effects, but insignificant in the direct path. The mediation effects are stronger for negative experiences than for positive ones. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Spatial distance is crucial for understanding consumers' decisions and behavior. However, research has not addressed how the spatial distance between consumers and hotels influences online review generation. Based on online hotel review data from TripAdvisor, this study illustrates a positive relationship between spatial distance and consumers' review effort, while the marginal effect of spatial distance on review effort declines. Moreover, temporal distance and cultural distance negatively affect review effort and mitigate the effect of spatial distance. Specifically, distant consumers tend to exhibit less effort when writing reviews after a longer post-consumption interval and when having a greater cultural distance. Theoretical and practical implications are provided.
This study aims to investigate the moderating effects of various distance measures on the relationship between relative pandemic severity and bilateral tourism demand. After confirming its validity using actual hotel and air demand measures, we leveraged data from Google Destination Insights to understand daily bilateral tourism demand between 148 origin countries and 109 destination countries. Specifically, we estimated a series of fixed-effects panel data gravity models based on the year-over-year change in daily demand. Results show that a 10% increase in 7-day smoothed COVID-19 cases led to a 0.0658% decline in year-over-year demand change. The moderating distance measures include geographic, cultural, economic, social, and political distance. Results show that long-haul tourism demand was less affected by a destination's pandemic severity relative to tourists' place of origin. The moderating effect of national cultural dimensions indulgence versus constraints was also confirmed. Lastly, a discussion and implications for international destination marketing are provided.
This paper investigates the performance changes of independent hotels due to the presence of nearby branded hotels in Texas. The moderating effects of these performance spillovers are also examined. Evidence from empirical analysis shows the existence and moderate significance of spillover effects from branded to independent hotels. Further analyses indicate that younger and higher-class independent hotels benefit significantly from performance spillovers from branded hotels. Higher-class branded hotels generate the vast majority of spillovers for their independent peers in the vicinity. Moreover, between the two types of branded hotels, franchised hotels generate the vast majority of spillovers, whereas contributions from chain-operated hotels are negligible. Suggestions are provided to independent hotels on how to improve their performance through spillovers from branded hotels.
In this article, we unveil determinants of guest satisfaction with urban hotel locations and disclose what types of locations are preferred by guests. Using data from 8,185 online reviews of 220 Los Angeles hotels checked in during a 1-year period, we apply a mixed-effect ordered logit model to investigate factors determining location evaluation scores. We classify all location-related factors into three categories: accessibility to points of interest, transport convenience, and surrounding environment. Our results suggest that a property’s accessibility to attractions, airports, universities and public transportation, as well as green spaces, bodies of water, and local businesses are significant determinants. Free parking and airport shuttle bus service could mitigate disadvantages related to inferior airport accessibility. Moreover, we underscore different hotel location satisfaction effects across travelers’ experiences and types of travel described in the online reviews. Lastly, different types of travelers demonstrate heterogeneous location preferences related to different tourist attractions.
This case study explores TripAdvisor in order to understand its role in social media within the tourism landscape and specifically, in relation to the “Open Innovation in Tourism” phenomenon. The key features, business model and innovation approaches of TripAdvisor are analysed and its value added services for travellers as well as businesses, are described. This study also examines TripAdvisor’s co-creation ecosystem that facilitates various exchanges and integrates resources for value co-creation. The key challenges for the future and insights for the tourism industry are highlighted and discussed.
Like many important theories that were originally tested in one domain, construal level theory has broadened the notion of temporal distance to psychological distance and examined the wide ranging implications of this construct on evaluation and behavior. This commentary seeks to take a step back to admire the “forest” that has been created and suggest additional extensions and implications along the different stages of consumer decision making: goal pursuit, evaluation by way of consideration‐set formation and receptivity, and finally choice influenced by context, comparability of options, and post‐choice happiness and regret.
Construal level theory (CLT) posits that temporal distance influences the evaluation and choice of future events by systematically changing the way they are construed. We propose that individuals form higher-level construals of distant future events than near future events. High-level construals are schematic, abstract, and include central features of events, whereas low-level construals are less schematic, more concrete, and may also include incidental, peripheral features of events. We argue, then, that judgment and choice regarding the more temporally distant events are based on higher-level construals of the events. Thus temporal distance affects level of construal, which in turn affects evaluation of future events. We first introduce in more depth the concept of construal level, discuss our research on the influences of temporal perspective on construal level, then turn to examine the implications of these findings for time-dependent changes in evaluation and choice. Finally, we discuss how CLT relates to theories of motivational gradients, dreading and savoring, intertemporal preference reversals, self-control, and magnitude effects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
The Internet, and in particular User Generated Content (UGC), has provided new ways through which consumers dissatisfied with hotel services can air their complaints. This research applied content analysis to one of the numerous hotel review websites available on the Internet (booking.com) to study the overall ratings given by travellers and the words used in their comments, in order to identify the most frequent complaints. In particular, this paper aims at investigating how consistent customer ratings and their complaint behaviour are with their socio-demographic characteristics (i.e., gender and culture/country of origin), with whom they are travelling (e.g., alone, with family, etc.), with the time of year when their stay took place (winter, mid-season and summer) and with several hotels operational/business indicators (i.e., hotel class and size). Implications for hotel managers are discussed and suggestions for further research are given.
With the continuing growth of online distribution channels how to inspire and support travellers in their online search and purchase process of the hotel product is an ongoing yet challenging task. While its importance to both the management and the consumer has been extensively documented, hotel location has been mostly treated as unidimensional construct within the literature on online travel information search and purchase of hotel product. In this study we mine a large quantity of online reviews associated with a sample of hotel properties in Manhattan, New York City in order to understand how hotel location is perceived by customers. The findings suggest that there are several value-related factors associated with hotel location and hotel properties can be distinguished using these factors. This study gains useful insights into the meaning of hotel location within a tourist destination and offers implications for recommender system development as well as for hotel marketing and promotion.