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Saurogobio punctatus sp. nov., a new cyprinid gudgeon (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from the Yangtze River, based on both morphological and molecular data
Journal of Fish Biology
Abstract and Figures
A new cyprinid gudgeon, Saurogobio punctatus sp. nov., is described based on specimens collected from the Yangtze River, China. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by differences in both morphology and the cytochrome b (cytb) gene sequence. Numerous minute blackish spots are scattered on dorsal and caudal fins in S. punctatus sp. nov. v. absent in the other seven valid Saurogobio species. The new species can be further distinguished from its congeners by the following unique combination of characters: a dorsal fin with eight branched rays; absence of scales in chest area before pectoral origin; upper and lower lips thick, covered with papillae; and a papillose mental pad approximately triangular. Morphologically, the new species most resembles the Chinese lizard gudgeon Saurogobio dabryi, but the new species lays yellowish adhesive eggs v. white pelagic eggs in S. dabryi. A phylogenetic analysis of all Saurogobio species based on cytb gene sequences indicated that S. punctatus sp. nov was distinctly separated from its congeners, with mean sequence divergence ranging from 12·6 to 21·0%. Therefore, molecular data further supported the distinctiveness of the new species.
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... on the node involving Pseudogobio and Biwia complex, we suggest that further work is needed to resolve these relationships. Our phylogenetic relationships of the genus Saurogobio were congruent with the molecular evidence [53] in which the phylogeny was revealed by the mitochondrial Cyt b gene and strongly supported the monophyly of the genus Saurogobio. ...
... For example, the Abbottina branch and Biwia complex subbranch mainly lives in lakes (standing water) spawning very sticky eggs [55] with very short and blunt snout [21][22][23], while the Pseudogobio subbranch mainly inhabits rivers (flowing water) spawning adhesive eggs [56] with a relatively depressed and elongated snout [21,57]. The Saurogobio branch A mainly lives in flowing water and smooth lips or with degenerated papillae, while the Saurogobio branch B mainly inhabits relatively standing water and lips with developed papillae [21,53]. We think that living in different habitats may result in the adaptation to different environments with different dissolved oxygen concentrations leading to different feeding and breeding methods. ...
We newly sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenome) of two gudgeon species Saurogobio dabryi and S. punctatus, and we downloaded 49 gudgeon mitogenomes from GenBank to investigate the phylogeny of the Pseudogobionini group and analyze selection pressure of the genes. With genera Gobio, Acanthogobio, and Romanogobio as outgroups, the phylogeny of the Pseudogobionini group was revealed as ((Xenophysogobio + Gobiobotia) + (Saurogobio + (Abbottina + (Pseudogobio + Biwia complex)))) based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs). Based on the molecular phylogeny and morphological or osteological characters, we proposed a classification system of the Pseudogobionini group. Moreover, five pairs of sister taxa were selected for gene selection pressure analyses to explore the link of mitochondrial gene evolution to group differentiation and adaptations. We detected significantly different dN/dS values in 11 out of 13 (excluding ND3 and ND4L) PCGs in five pairs of clades, significantly different mean dN/dS, dN, and/or dS values in 8 out of 13 PCGs (excluding ND2, ATP8, ND3, ND4L, and ND6) in three pairs of sub-clades and seven positively selected sites in another three pairs of sub-clades. These results indicated that mitochondrial gene evolution might have contributed to group differentiation and adaptations especially for river or lake environments.
... We speculated that positive selection over the mitochondrial gene might promote the differentiation of fish populations into different habitats and adaptation to lake or river environments. For example, the Saurogobio branch A mainly lives in flowing water and smooth lips or with degenerated papillae, while the Saurogobio branch B mainly inhabits relatively standing water and lips with developed papillae (Tang et al., 2018). Furthermore, fishes are the most speciose group of vertebrates (Nelson et al., 2016), and exhibit a strong ability to adapt to the environment (Jones et al., 2012). ...
Accurate species delimitation and phylogenetic reconstruction are vital to understand biodiversity assessments, conservation management, evolutionary patterns, evolutionary processes, and historical biogeography. The taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Neolissochilus (Cyprinidae) have a confusing history. We investigated the taxonomy and phylogeny of this group and related lineages using complete mitochondrial genome sequence data from 53 Cyprinidae species and one outgroup species. These analyses show that the monophyly of Neolissochilus and Tor is not supported. N. benasi might represent a new genus, and T. qiaojiensis should be moved into Neolissochilus. We estimated divergence times, evaluated the monophyly of this group, their relationship to other cyprinids, as well as the time course and geography of speciation. The results indicated that the family Cyprinidae likely diverged from other taxa during the Eocene (ca. 54.78 Mya), and species of various genera began to undergo massive diversification events during the Cenozoic Tertiary. The differentiation and diffusion of the family Cyprinidae might be attributed to the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau uplift events, one of the geological events marking the Cenozoic Tertiary period, which cut off genetic exchange between populations through geographic isolation, thus facilitating genetic divergence between populations and eventually leading to the formation of new species. In addition, the results of this study still need further improvement. The limitations are mainly due to the small sample size and the use of only mitochondrial data; therefore, it still needs to be further verified by combining nuclear genome data.
... Based on a recent ichthyological survey, the growth pattern of four fish species of Liobagrus nigricauda, Saurogobio punctatus, Acheilognathus gracilis and A. omeiensis from the Jialing River basin were reported in the present study. S. punctatus is a new reported species in 2018 [12], which are distributed in the Yangtze River basin. After careful checking and comparing (Figure 1), it was found that there were large amount of S. punctatus settled in the Jialing River, the largest tributary of the upper Yangtze River [13,14]. ...
The growth pattern of four fish species that inhabit in the Jialing
River basin were estimated in the present study. Fishes were
collected seasonally from January 2014 to December 2016 at six
locations in the Jialing River basin and four times fishing activities
were occurred in each season at each location. Fishing tools applied
to sampling included creel and stationary gillnets (50 m long × 1.5 m high, mesh sizes: 2, 5 and 8 cm). The growth pattern were estimated using the equation of W = aLb. The constant values of a were ranged from 0.000019 to 0.000075. However, the b values were estimated at 2.8202 to 3.1008. Species of Liobagrus nigricauda had a new maximum standard length recorded; the other three species had no previous report for growth pattern in Fish Base. This result could provide primary data for future fish research and conservation regarding these species in the Jialing River basin.
... The species status of S. lissilabris was suspected by some researchers (Wu 1977;Chen 1998) or even it was synonymised with S. gymnocheilus (Dai et al. 2014). Tang et al. (2018) considered it as a valid species on the basis of molecular evidence and their examination on its type. Two historically documented species are removed from the updated species checklist: Coreius guichenoti (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) and Squalidus nitens (Günther, 1873). ...
A lack of an updated checklist of freshwater fish species from Lake Dongting is a big hindrance to further biodiversity analysis. A seasonal survey of fishes in the lake was conducted from October 2017 to January 2019. Based on the data obtained during the field survey and coupled with known literature and the latest taxonomic development of relevant taxa, the species checklist of fishes from Lake Dongting was updated. A total of 130 species from 12 orders, 30 families and 76 genera has been documented, containing 126 native species and four alien species. Its fish fauna is dominated by the Xenocyprididae that has the highest number of included species (30), followed by the Gobionidae (25) and Acheilognathidae (11). This checklist comprises 20 species undergoing nomenclatural changes and 11 new records, eight of which are native and three exotic. It excludes 20 species, which have been reported in error in historical works, owing to synonyms, erroneous records, taxonomic changes and unconfirmed records. Unsampled in this survey were 34 species that are ecologically specialized: migratory, rheophilic, predatory, shellfish-dependent or pelagic-egg-spawning. While some of these species eluded capture likely due to the paucity of population, others extirpated in Lake Dongting perhaps owing to human perturbations, such as river damming across affluents or the Chang-Jiang mainstem, sand dredging, overfishing or water pollution. The updated checklist lays a sound foundation for biodiversity conservation of fishes in Lake Dongting.
... The species status of S. lissilabris was suspected by some researchers (Wu 1977;Chen 1998) or even it was synonymised with S. gymnocheilus (Dai et al. 2014). Tang et al. (2018) considered it as a valid species on the basis of molecular evidence and their examination on its type. Two historically documented species are removed from the updated species checklist: Coreius guichenoti (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) and Squalidus nitens (Günther, 1873). ...
A lack of an updated checklist of freshwater fish species from Lake Dongting is a big hindrance to further biodiversity analysis. A seasonal survey of fishes in the lake was conducted from October 2017 to January 2019. Based on the data obtained during the field survey and coupled with known literature and the latest taxonomic development of relevant taxa, the species checklist of fishes from Lake Dongting was updated. A total of 130 species from 12 orders, 30 families and 76 genera has been documented, containing 126 native species and four alien species. Its fish fauna is dominated by the Xenocyprididae that has the highest number of included species (30), followed by the Gobionidae (25) and Acheilognathidae (11). This checklist comprises 20 species undergoing nomenclatural changes and 11 new records, eight of which are native and three exotic. It excludes 20 species, which have been reported in error in historical works, owing to synonyms, erroneous records, taxonomic changes and unconfirmed records. Unsampled in this survey were 34 species that are ecologically specialized: migratory, rheophilic, predatory, shellfish-dependent or pelagic-egg-spawning. While some of these species eluded capture likely due to the paucity of population, others extirpated in Lake Dongting perhaps owing to human perturbations, such as river damming across affluents or the Chang-Jiang mainstem, sand dredging, overfishing or water pollution. The updated checklist lays a sound foundation for biodiversity conservation of fishes in Lake Dongting.
... Based on a recent ichthyological survey, the growth pattern of four fish species of Liobagrus nigricauda, Saurogobio punctatus, Acheilognathus gracilis and A. omeiensis from the Jialing River basin were reported in the present study. S. punctatus is a new reported species in 2018 [12], which are distributed in the Yangtze River basin. After careful checking and comparing (Figure 1), it was found that there were large amount of S. punctatus settled in the Jialing River, the largest tributary of the upper Yangtze River [13,14]. ...
... Saurogobio fishes (Cypriniformes: Gobionidae sensu Tan and Armbruster 2018) are endemic to East Asia, including eight species (Tang et al. 2018). In this study, we determined complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Saurogobio gracilicaudatus, S. xiangjiangensis, S. gymnocheilus, and S. lissilabris so that these data could contribute to reconstruct interspecific phylogenetic relationships within the genus Saurogobio. ...
In this study, we determined complete mitochondrial genomes of Saurogobio gracilicaudatus, S. xiangjiangensis, S. gymnocheilus, and S. lissilabris so that these data could contribute to reconstruct interspecific phylogenetic relationships within the genus Saurogobio. The four mitochondrial genomes showed A + T bias (55.2–57.0%) of base compositions with the length from 16,594 to 16,608 bp. Phylogenetic relationships among Saurogobio fishes and their close relatives showed that the genus Saurogobio was a monophyletic group and it could be divided into two major groups.
Please visit the authors' website for this book: https://sites.google.com/view/fishes-of-the-world-5/welcome.
Fishes of the World, Fifth Edition is the only modern, phylogenetically based classification of the world’s fishes. The updated text offers new phylogenetic diagrams that clarify the relationships among fish groups, as well as cutting-edge global knowledge that brings this classic reference up to date. With this resource, you can classify orders, families, and genera of fishes, understand the connections among fish groups, organize fishes in their evolutionary context, and imagine new areas of research. To further assist your work, this text provides representative drawings, many of them new, for most families of fishes, allowing you to make visual connections to the information as you read. It also contains many references to the classical as well as the most up-to-date literature on fish relationships, based on both morphology and molecular biology.
The study of fishes is one that certainly requires dedication—and access to reliable, accurate information. With more than 30,000 known species of sharks, rays, and bony fishes, both lobe-finned and ray-finned, you will need to master your area of study with the assistance of the best reference materials available. This text will help you bring your knowledge of fishes to the next level.
- Explore the anatomical characteristics, distribution, common and scientific names, and phylogenetic relationships of fishes
- Access biological and anatomical information on more than 515 families of living fishes
- Better appreciate the complexities and controversies behind the modern view of fish relationships
- Refer to an extensive bibliography, which points you in the direction of additional, valuable, and up-to-date information, much of it published within the last few years.
711 pages, Index, Bibliography
Saurogobio gracilicaudatus, originally described from the middle Yangtze River (Chang-Jiang in Chinese) basin at Yichang and Guanghua (now Laohekou), Hubei Province, South China, is here re-described, with particular concern for oromandibular structures in the mouth. It is uniquely distinguishable from all other species of Saurogobio in having a rostral cap with a slightly crenulated median portion, lips covered with brush-like, conical papillae, and a lower lip with a small, smooth and protruded central pad anteriorly free and posteriorly confluent with lateral lobes. The generic classification of this species is also discussed on the basis of oromandibular structures, which are of taxonomic importance in generic classification of gudgeons.
Phylogenies are increasingly used in all fields of medical and biological research. Moreover, because of the next generation sequencing revolution, datasets used for conducting phylogenetic analyses grow at an unprecedented pace. RAxML (Randomized Axelerated Maximum Likelihood) is a popular program for phylogenetic analyses of large datasets under maximum likelihood. Since the last RAxML paper in 2006, it has been continuously maintained and extended to accommodate the increasingly growing input datasets and to serve the needs of the user community.
I present some of the most notable new features and extensions of RAxML, such as, a substantial extension of substitution models and supported data types, the introduction of SSE3, AVX, and AVX2 vector intrinsics, techniques for reducing the memory requirements of the code and a plethora of operations for conducting post-analyses on sets of trees. In addition, an up-to-date, 50 page user manual covering all new RAxML options is available.
The code is available under GNU GPL at https://github.com/stamatak/standard-RAxML.
Alexandros.Stamatakis@h-its.org.
We announce the release of an advanced version of the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software, which currently contains facilities for building sequence alignments, inferring phylogenetic histories, and conducting molecular evolutionary analysis. In version 6.0, MEGA now enables the inference of timetrees, as it implements our RelTime method for estimating divergence times for all branching points in a phylogeny. A new Timetree Wizard in MEGA6 facilitates this timetree inference by providing a graphical user interface (GUI) to specify the phylogeny and calibration constraints step-by-step. This version also contains enhanced algorithms to search for the optimal trees under evolutionary criteria and implements a more advanced memory management that can double the size of sequence data sets to which MEGA can be applied. Both GUI and command-line versions of MEGA6 can be downloaded from www.megasoftware.net free of charge.