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The use of flowcharts for representation of a creative process by Arvo Pärt

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Abstract

The information technologies deeply influence the modes of perception and cognitive predispositions of members of the contemporary society. The numerous research of the human brain for the purposes of the artificial intelligence revealed certain algorithms of human thinking, which were implemented in a creation of modern operation systems and search algorithms over the network. The functionality of these systems is written in computer languages which all share a kind of “mental structures” for the artificial intelligence which are the “for loop”, “while loop” and “nested for loop” statements, “if/then” logic and assignments of objects to the numerical values. These “mental structures” penetrate into the logic of the postmodern compositions creation, especially in the works based on mathematical regularities. The discovery of these mathematical regularities resulted in a new method elaboration, allowing representation of music processes as logical statements with the use of semantics coming from modern computer languages, such as Java, JavaScript, C++, Python or Processing. The definition of the algorithm of creation gives the possibility to search for the strictness of its realization in music matter, especially if the same algorithm is used for different layers creation within the same composition, which is the case for music written by Estonian postmodern composer Arvo Pärt. Previous research showed the success of a new method application for representation of the processes of music matter development, as well as the possibility of visualization and modelling of his compositions. This paper presents the individual flowcharts showing the process of the composition creation on the base of chosen algorithm of the melodic range extension, as well as the generalized flowcharts representing the process of the melodic voices (M-voices) creation and the algorithms for the tintinnabuli voices (T-voices) addition.

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The creative method of the Estonian composer Arvo Pärt is based on a rigorous and strict calculation at all levels of composition. Such a calculative approach of creation is a reflection of the informational society and more specifically – of the logic used in modern programming languages, such as Java, C++, Python, Processing etc. The existing approaches of computational musicology or basically mathematical approaches partly allow to discover and to represent the algorithms under which the compositions were created. However in particular cases it is not sufficient to correctly display these algorithms. Thus, a new method of music representation formalization will be presented. This method is based on the use of statements originating from programming languages to logically represent the occurring processes, including form building, in Pärt’s compositions. The described methodological approaches will be applied to the instrumental compositions such as Cantus in memory of Benjamin Britten, Arbos, Tabula Rasa, Mein Weg, Fratres and Spiegel im Spiegel.
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