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Some Aspects of Regulatory Criteria for Metal-ligand Homeostasis in Epidermal Cells
... 2) Having found evidence of critical (synchronous) nature of the operation of K/Na-ATPase [1] controlling K/Na-homeostasis in epidermis as well as other ATPases from the P-type family that control transmembrane traffic of Cu, Zn, Fe [2], we can classify MLH in these cells as self-organized criticality phenomena (SC phenomena); ...
... At The procedure for preparing a hair sample for spectrometric analysis was the same as in our previous work [2]. ...
... In our recent studies, we were able to detect the signs of a critical period in MLH (due to the presence of a power-law connection between the concentration values) for such metals as Na, K, Ca [1], and also Fe, Cu and Zn [2]. The fractal character of these metal concentration distribution (not dependent on the size of the system) can also indicate the belonging of the homeostasis of these metals to SC phenomena. ...
The authors analyze the results of atomic emission spectrometry of hair samples for Al, Cd, Fe, Cr, Cu, Li, Pb, V, and Zn in 952 healthy subjects and 952 liquidators of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. Using correlation analysis (Pearson) of the obtained data, the authors have found pair correlations between metal concentration values. According to the authors, criticality or synchronization (as a particular case of the critical state of the system) can be inherent in all ATP-dependent membrane pumps (P-type) controlling metal-ligand homeostasis in epidermal cells. A quantitative criterion (synchronization index) is proposed to measure the level of criticality (synchronization) in the functioning of membrane ATPases.
... This greatly simplifies the research task and, as our experience shows, makes it completely solvable using hair spectrometry. Our analysis of spectrometric data using mathematical statistics methods confirmed the applicability of the power-law for homeostasis of Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn [1,10]. The results of similar studies of MLH for such metals as Al, Cd, Pb, V, Li, Cr, are presented in this paper. ...
... We used a similar mathematical approach in our previous study [10]. For statistical data processing, the MATLAB software package was used. ...
... Âèâ÷åííÿì åëåìåíòíîãî ñêëàäó ð³çíèõ á³îëî-³÷íèõ ñåðåäîâèù îð´àí³çìó òà éîãî çâ'ÿçîê ç ÷èííèêàìè äîâê³ëëÿ òà çàõâîðþâàí³ñòþ ëþäèíè çàéìàëèñÿ áàãàòî ôàõ³âö³â [3,23,31,32,47]. Íà ñó÷àñíîìó åòàï³ ðîçâèòêó íàóêè öÿ ãàëóçü íàóêîâèõ äîñë³äaeåíü îòðèìàëà âèçíà-÷åííÿ "Ìåäè÷íà åëåìåíòîëî´³ÿ" ³ ò³ñíî ïîâ'ÿçàíà ÿê ç ïðàêòè÷íîþ, òàê ç ïðîô³ëàêòè÷íîþ ìåäèöèíîþ. ...
... Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî âì³ñò åëåìåíò³â ó âî-ëîññ³ çàëåaeèòü â³ä â³êó ëþäèíè, éîãî êîíñòè-òóö³¿, ñòàò³, õàð÷óâàííÿ, ãåî´ðàô³÷íèõ ³ ãåî-õ³ì³÷íèõ îñîáëèâîñòåé ì³ñöÿ ïðîaeèâàííÿ, íà-ÿâíîñò³ ïðîôåñ³éíîãî âïëèâó, îñîáëèâîñòåé ñòàíó çäîðîâ'ÿ ëþäèíè, çàñòîñîâóâàíèõ çàñî-á³â ïî äîãëÿäó çà âîëîññÿì òîùî. Êð³ì òîãî, ñë³ä âðàõîâóâàòè íåð³âíîì³ðíèé ðîçïîä³ë åëå-ìåíò³â ïî äîâaeèí³ âîëîññÿ òà ¿õ ð³çíå ïîõîäaeåííÿ (åíäî´åííå ³ åêçî´åííå) [24,31]. Öå ïîòðåáóº ó ïîäàëüøîìó âèâ÷åííÿ çàêîíîì³ðíîñòåé åêçî´åííîãî åëåìåíòíîãî íàâàíòàaeåííÿ ó êîíêðåòíîìó ðåã³îí³ ïðîaeèâàííÿ ëþäåé ³, ÿê ðåçóëüòàò äàíîãî íàïðÿìêó äîñë³äaeåíü, ïðîâåäåííÿ êàðòî´ðàô³¿. ...
Aim. To analyze modern scientific approaches to using the achievements of bioelementology in the diagnosis and treatment of various forms of alopecia. Identifying unresolved issues in this area of research.
Materials and Methods. Literature search in MEDLINE, Embase, TOXNET databases, specialized journals and thesis papers depositories in Ukraine, Russia and Belarus. The references cited in the identified papers were used as well. The publications period used in the search was 2007-2020.
Results and Discussion. The content analysis of scientific literature sources, which highlight the results of studies of homeostasis of trace elements and major elements in the human body, proves the validity of using the data obtained for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of alopecia. Introduction of modern analytical methods made it possible to expand both qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the content of elements in hair, and then to substantiate the use of the elemental composition of hair as a medical diagnostic criterion. In addition, the analysis of hair for the content of trace elements and major elements is considered a potentially safe, non-invasive diagnostic tool; the samples do not require special equipment for storage and have no shelf life restrictions. At the present stage, an active search for the relationship between the elemental status of hair and alopecia of various origins is being carried out. It was established that all forms of alopecia are characterized by a disturbance of the homeostasis of iron, zinc, copper, and selenium. In addition, the researchers emphasize the importance of excess hair lead and cadmium in alopecia areata, of silicon in diffuse alopecia and androgenetic alopecia, and reduced levels of manganese in all forms of alopecia. The scientific community discusses the implementation of modern analytical methods to determine the elemental composition of biological fluids. The most promising are the methods of determining elements in the organs and human biological fluids using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission and mass spectrometry. Trace elements and major elements play an important, but not entirely clear role in hair follicles normal development and immune cells function. These studies were mainly concerned with exploring of the cyclic accumulation of mast cells and macrophages in the perifollicular connective tissue. Accordingly, the dyscrasia can represent a modified risk factor, the assessment of which requires further in-depth studies.
Conclusions. The content analysis of the published results of the studies of trace and major elements composition of hair showed that with alopecia areata there is a decrease in the content of S, Zn, Se, Mn, Mn, and Fe, and an excess of Pb, Cd, Ni, Cu, Al, Hg; diffuse forms of alopecia are characterized by a deficiency in the content of S, Fe, K, Ca, Zn, Cu, and Se; with androgenetic alopecia in women, there is a decrease in the content of Mn, Zn, Se, Mg, Fe, in men - a decrease in the levels of Zn, Cu, Mn, Mg, and Se; and an increase in the content of Cu and Cr. In order to correct alopecia of various origins, it is necessary to determine the quantitative ratio of trace elements and major elements in the hair and to systematize the results obtained in monitoring studies to establish their reference values in conditions of various geochemical locations.
... Alternatively, in a symbolic notation: Table 1: Content of metals in epidermal cells of liquidators of the Chernobyl accident and healthy individuals [3]. Mean values are shown in bold; normal fonts show confidence interval (bootstrap-method); asterisks show statistical significance of differences: *) p other metals [7], which is indicative of the fact that the MLH in the epidermis belongs to SC-phenomena. ...
The literature and other information concerning input ion optics of inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometers are systematized. This part of the review is devoted to the asyimmetrical systems intended for the angular deflection of plasma ion beams prior to analysis, and peculiarities of associated devices and parts accumulated to the present time. First foreign instrument manufacturers, which payed attention to this type of optics were Hitachi Ltd, Shimadzu Corp, Iowa State University (USA), Seiko Instruments Inc., Hewlett-Packard, Varian, Bruker, Analytik Jena, PerkinElmer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Expec Technology (Focused Fotonics Inc). A minor part of them limited themselves to project ideas, patenting and, sometimes, experimental investigations of the corresponding idesas. The others developed their projects to serial production of spectrometers with different, which deserved recognition among the users. Novelty (priority), variety of used deflectors design, principle of action, advantages and disadvantages are considered. An ion mirror (Varian, Bruker, Analytik Jena) and a cross-section quadrupole (Seiko Instr. Inc, PerkinElmer) attracted the greatest attention of serial spectrometers manufacturers. Subsequently developed deflector from Thermo Fisher and Expec Technol gained a shorter history. A novel inductor, systems for the reduction of interferences, use of Mathieu function, and measurement of size distribution spectra of individual nanoparticles are also considered.
The element status was studied in students with different levels of adaptation determined by the parameters of cardiointervalography. The content of chemical elements in the hair was measured by atomic emission and mass spectrometry. In students whose autonomic status was characterized by sympathicotonia, the level of cobalt in the hair was significantly higher, while the levels of manganese and magnesium were lower than normal. The content of selenium in the hair was 2.3 times lower in the study group in comparison with the median level in Russia. The content of toxic elements did not exceed the normal. Significant positive correlations between hair content of magnesium and calcium and between potassium and sodium were revealed.
The present article is an attempt to reveal the connection (Pearson) between potassium (K) and sodium (Na), K and zinc (Zn) levels on the basis of analytical determination of elemental content in human scalp hair (atomic emission spectrometry in 954 Chernobyl accident liquidators and 947 healthy persons). The negative K-Zn correlation and also the increase in epidermic cells K and Na and reduction of calcium (Ca) and Zn can indirectly point, in the authors opinion, to the participation of membrane АТРаs (P-type) in the origin of metal-ligand homeostasis shifts and serve as oxidative and nitrosative stress discriminators.
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Quantitative assay of nitric oxide (NO) and iron (Fe) was carried out by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method in epidermal derivative (hair) of 45 liquidators of the Chernobyl accident, 30 employees of radiological institutions having contact with radiation, and 50 students of Vladimir State University, most of which were diagnosed with iron deficiency, namely iron deficiency anemia (4 persons) and latent iron deficiency (34 persons). Measurements were performed on a Radiopan EPR-spectrometer. It was found that the method of quantitative EPR-spectroscopy using diethyldithiocarbamate as a trap in vitro could be successfully used to measure NO-radical activity in such a biological substrate as hair. It was found that the intensity of NO-radical signal in the spectrogram depends on the Fe level (not only in the analyzed substrate, but also in the whole organism).
Problems of the integral evaluation of human elemental status according to the spectrometry of hair
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- A V Skalny
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Electrogenic metals in epidermis: relationship with cell bioenergetics
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