Article

Diet and subsistence at the late Neolithic tell sites of Sopot, Slavča and Ravnjaš, eastern Croatia

Authors:
  • Gradski muzej Vinkovci / Municipal Museum Vinkovci
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Abstract

This paper presents archaeobotanical data from three late Neolithic Sopot Culture (c. 5200–4000 cal BC) tell sites, Sopot, Slavča and Ravnjaš, located in eastern Croatia. Tell settlements are well suited for exploring aspects of diet and subsistence, as they present a concentrated area with successive generations building upon previous occupation levels. The plant remains from the three study sites suggest a crop-based diet of mainly einkorn, emmer, barley, lentil and pea, as well as evi­dence of crop-processing activities. This diet was also probably supplemented by wild fruit from the local environment, such as cornelian cherry, chinese lantern and blackberry.

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... Carbon dates have been taken from Sopot levels dating to 5210-4950 cal BC and 4960-4340 cal BC, as well as 4250-4030 cal BC associated with Sopot IV (Mihaljević 2013a). Overall, seed density was relatively high, although this was due to large numbers of chaff remains found in the samples, but preservation was generally poor (Reed 2017;Reed et al. 2017). Cereals were the most recovered plant remains at the site, accounting for 98% of the identified assemblage. ...
Research
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This paper presents a detailed examination of finds of ‘new glume wheat’ (NGW), recognised as a member of the Triticum timopheevii wheat group, at Late Neolithic sites in Croatia. Increasing evidence of this morphotype from prehistoric sites across Europe, as well as comparative studies of modern Timopheev's wheat, provide a range of comparative material. Using morphometrics this study re-examines grains and spikelet bases previously identified as NGW within the late Neolithic settlements of Velištak (Dalmatia), Sopot, and Ravnjaš (Slavonia), and late Neolithic/Eneolithic Slavča (Slovenia) [All data linked to this report can be found at https://osf.io/amryd/)
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