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Cleptoparasitismo en aves como una estrategia trófica oportunista: costos y beneficios para parásitos y hospedadores.
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... As a result, this species has a very wide trophic spectrum, which in anthropogenic environments can include non-biological materials generated by human activities (Íñigo 1987, Kelly et al. 2007, Ballejo & de Santis 2013, Ballejo et al. 2021, Carlin et al. 2020. In this context, kleptoparasitism, i.e. the deliberate theft by an animal of food previously captured or taken by another individual of the same or different species (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Furness 1987, Iyengar 2008, is relatively uncommon in birds and has been documented above all in seabirds (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Shealer et al. 2005, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, García 2010, Noreen & Sultan 2021. Although it has been observed in African vultures (Accipitridae), Cattle Egrets Bubulcus ibis and other species (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, to date it has not been documented in C. atratus. ...
... Kleptoparasitism is recognized as an impor-tant ethological feeding strategy by which many animals can obtain otherwise limited resources (Giraldeau & Caraco 2000, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, García 2010. The individual that steals reduces the metabolic cost associated with foraging by using the energy invested by another (the same or different species) (Thompson 1986). ...
... Currently, kleptoparasitism (Brockmann & Barnard 1979) is widely recognized as an important feeding strategy that enables many animals to obtain limited resources (Giraldeau & Caraco 2000, García 2010). However, we agree with other authors (García 2010, Sazima 2010, Gangoso et al. 2012, Plaza & Lambertucci 2017, Noreen & Sultan 2021 and, in light of the questions raised by our study, believe that there is still much to investigate on this subject. ...
Kleptoparasitism is recognized as an important ethological feeding strategy that enables many animals to feed on a limited resource. Research on avian scavengers is significant because their consumption of carrion and food discarded by humans helps reduce foci of infection due to animals that die from disease, thereby preventing the spread of infection through the ecosystem. Scavenging birds provide key environmental and hygienic services valued at billions of dollars and here we document, analyze, and discuss the first cases of inter-
and intraspecific kleptoparasitism reported in the American Black Vulture Coragyps atratus within the context of Calceta garbage dump (Manabí, Ecuador). The sampling work was documented
with photos and videos over a period of 69 hours. A total of 48 events of intraspecific kleptoparasitism and 19 of interspecific kleptoparasitism were recorded. The intraspecific kleptoparasitism was triggered by the discharge of large amounts
of waste from trucks, while the interspecific kleptoparasitism
occurred when the Black Vultures took advantage of domestic dogs and their olfactory abilities to accurately locate food and
then steal it. The efficiency of interspecific kleptoparasitism
indicates that cooperative groups with more vultures are more
likely to succeed in obtaining food. The data suggest that there
is an optimal size beyond which larger group sizes will begin to incur foraging costs. This acquired behavior shows a high tolerance to anthropogenic conditions and illustrates the great adaptive phenotypic plasticity of this species.
... As a result, this species has a very wide trophic spectrum, which in anthropogenic environments can include non-biological materials generated by human activities (Íñigo 1987, Kelly et al. 2007, Ballejo & de Santis 2013, Ballejo et al. 2021, Carlin et al. 2020. In this context, kleptoparasitism, i.e. the deliberate theft by an animal of food previously captured or taken by another individual of the same or different species (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Furness 1987, Iyengar 2008, is relatively uncommon in birds and has been documented above all in seabirds (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Shealer et al. 2005, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, García 2010, Noreen & Sultan 2021. Although it has been observed in African vultures (Accipitridae), Cattle Egrets Bubulcus ibis and other species (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, to date it has not been documented in C. atratus. ...
... Kleptoparasitism is recognized as an impor-tant ethological feeding strategy by which many animals can obtain otherwise limited resources (Giraldeau & Caraco 2000, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, García 2010. The individual that steals reduces the metabolic cost associated with foraging by using the energy invested by another (the same or different species) (Thompson 1986). ...
... Currently, kleptoparasitism (Brockmann & Barnard 1979) is widely recognized as an important feeding strategy that enables many animals to obtain limited resources (Giraldeau & Caraco 2000, García 2010). However, we agree with other authors (García 2010, Sazima 2010, Gangoso et al. 2012, Plaza & Lambertucci 2017, Noreen & Sultan 2021 and, in light of the questions raised by our study, believe that there is still much to investigate on this subject. ...
Kleptoparasitism is recognized as an important ethological feeding strategy that enables many animals to feed on a limited resource. Research on avian scavengers is significant because their consumption of carrion and food discarded by humans helps reduce foci of infection due to animals that die from disease, thereby preventing the spread of infection through the ecosystem. Scavenging birds provide key environmental and hygienic services valued at billions of dollars and here we document, analyze, and discuss the first cases of inter-and intraspecific kleptoparasitism reported in the American Black Vulture Coragyps atratus within the context of Calceta garbage dump (Manabí, Ecuador). The sampling work was documented with photos and videos over a period of 69 hours. A total of 48 events of intraspecific kleptoparasitism and 19 of interspecific kleptoparasitism were recorded. The intraspecific kleptoparasitism was triggered by the discharge of large amounts of waste from trucks, while the interspecific kleptoparasitism occurred when the Black Vultures took advantage of domestic dogs and their olfactory abilities to accurately locate food and then steal it. The efficiency of interspecific kleptoparasitism indicates that cooperative groups with more vultures are more likely to succeed in obtaining food. The data suggest that there is an optimal size beyond which larger group sizes will begin to incur foraging costs. This acquired behavior shows a high tolerance to anthropogenic conditions and illustrates the great adaptive phenotypic plasticity of this species.
... As a result, this species has a very wide trophic spectrum, which in anthropogenic environments can include non-biological materials generated by human activities (Íñigo 1987, Kelly et al. 2007, Ballejo & de Santis 2013, Ballejo et al. 2021, Carlin et al. 2020. In this context, kleptoparasitism, i.e. the deliberate theft by an animal of food previously captured or taken by another individual of the same or different species (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Furness 1987, Iyengar 2008, is relatively uncommon in birds and has been documented above all in seabirds (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Shealer et al. 2005, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, García 2010, Noreen & Sultan 2021. Although it has been observed in African vultures (Accipitridae), Cattle Egrets Bubulcus ibis and other species (Brockmann & Barnard 1979, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, to date it has not been documented in C. atratus. ...
... Kleptoparasitism is recognized as an impor-tant ethological feeding strategy by which many animals can obtain otherwise limited resources (Giraldeau & Caraco 2000, Morand-Ferron et al. 2007, García 2010. The individual that steals reduces the metabolic cost associated with foraging by using the energy invested by another (the same or different species) (Thompson 1986). ...
... Currently, kleptoparasitism (Brockmann & Barnard 1979) is widely recognized as an important feeding strategy that enables many animals to obtain limited resources (Giraldeau & Caraco 2000, García 2010). However, we agree with other authors (García 2010, Sazima 2010, Gangoso et al 2012, Plaza & Lambertucci 2017, Noreen & Sultan 2021) and, in light of the questions raised by our study, believe that there is still much to investigate on this subject. ...
Kleptoparasitism is recognized as an important ethological feeding strategy that enables many animals to feed on a limited resource. Research on avian scavengers is significant because their consumption of carrion and food discarded by humans helps reduce foci of infection due to animals that die from disease, thereby preventing the spread of infection through the ecosystem. Scavenging birds provide key environmental and hygienic services valued at billions of dollars and here we document, analyze, and discuss the first cases of inter-and intraspecific kleptoparasitism reported in the American Black Vulture Coragyps atratus within the context of Calceta garbage dump (Manabí, Ecuador). The sampling work was documented with photos and videos over a period of 69 hours. A total of 48 events of intraspecific kleptoparasitism and 19 of interspecific kleptoparasitism were recorded. The intraspecific kleptoparasitism was triggered by the discharge of large amounts of waste from trucks, while the interspecific kleptoparasitism occurred when the Black Vultures took advantage of domestic dogs and their olfactory abilities to accurately locate food and then steal it. The efficiency of interspecific kleptoparasitism indicates that cooperative groups with more vultures are more likely to succeed in obtaining food. The data suggest that there is an optimal size beyond which larger group sizes will begin to incur foraging costs. This acquired behavior shows a high tolerance to anthropogenic conditions and illustrates the great adaptive phenotypic plasticity of this species.
... En la Laguna Mar Chiquita (Buenos Aires, Argentina), habita un número aproximadamente estable de individuos de esta especie los cuales se alimentan a lo largo de la línea de costa de la laguna, principalmente del bivalvo conocido vulgarmente como navaja Tagelus plebeius y, entre los meses de septiembre y abril de vísceras y huevos de cangrejos varúnidos (i.e., Neohelice granulata, Cyrtograpsus angulatus) (Bachmann & Martínez 1999). El principal cleptoparásito del Ostrero común en la Laguna Mar Chiquita es la Gaviota capucho café (Chroicocephalus maculipennis), siendo esporádicos los eventos de cleptoparasitismo por parte de otros láridos como la Gaviota capucho gris (Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus, Khatchikian et al. 2002) o el chimango (Milvago chimango, García 2010, García & Biondi 2011. Estudios previos sobre la asociación entre este ostrero y diferentes cleptoparásitos en la Laguna Mar Chiquita han investigado diferentes aspectos del cleptoparasitismo, focalizándose en el comportamiento del cleptoparásito. ...
Between April and September 2006 and 2007 we studied the effect of kleptoparasitism on the foraging behavior of its host. The study was conducted at Mar Chiquita Lagoon (Argentina, 37°46'S, 57°27'W). Our study system consisted of the Brown-hooded Gull (Chroicocephalus maculipennis) and the Grey-hooded Gull (Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus) as kleptoparasitic species, and the American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) as a host species. Focal observations were performed on oystercatchers feeding under two different feeding scenarios, that is in presence or absence of kleptoparasites. No differences were found in the comparison of hosts' foraging effort in presence or absence of kleptoparasites. However, prey capture rate and the duration of each capture event were significantly affected by the presence of the kleptoparasites, with kleptoparas'rtized hosts showing higher prey capture rates and lower duration of capture events. These changes in the foraging behavior can be regarded as two avoidance strategies performed by hosts in presence of kleptoparasites. In addition, the larger capture rates and shorter duration of captures in kleptoparasrtized hosts might also be linked to the association of gulls to more efficient or experienced oystercatchers. The exploration of these new questions would require studies with banded individuals to allow the observation of same birds under contrasting scenarios (i.e., with and without kleptoparasites).
Kleptoparasitism is a well-known foraging strategy used opportunistically by many seabirds. Here, we investigated the effect of intraspecific kleptoparasitism on chick growth and reproductive output in Common Terns Sterna hirundo. Effects were compared between two groups comprising (1) individuals using kleptoparasitism during the chick-rearing period (kleptoparasitic group, n = 18), and (2) individuals in pairs that never performed kleptoparasitism throughout the season (‘honest’ group, n = 21). The null models best described variation in mass at day 3 and the pre-fledging mass, indicating no significant effect of the explanatory variables. However, the best models describing the linear growth rate (days 3–13) and peak mass included the parents' foraging strategy (kleptoparasitic vs. honest parents) as an explanatory variable. These two growth parameters were higher in chicks of kleptoparasitic parents. Kleptoparasitic foraging strategy was also associated with higher pre-fledging survival, as the reproductive performance (i.e. number of fledglings) was significantly higher in the kleptoparasitic than in the honest group. We suggest that by stealing food (and consequently feeding offspring more frequently with high-quality prey), kleptoparasitic parents are able to produce higher quality chicks with enhanced survival.
This chapter examines the evolutionary and ecological factors that have influenced courtship and mating patterns of marine birds. The literature on the reproductive behavior of seabirds is vast, and it is not my purpose to review it here. Rather, I focus attention on several questions and seek patterns that may help us understand aspects of variation in reproductive biology. In particular, I will be concerned with the assessment of mate quality and how these qualities affect reproductive success and mating systems.
A general, consistent strategy for data analysis is outlined, based on information and likelihood theory. A priori considerations lead to the definition of a set of candidate models, simple criteria are useful in ranking and calibrating the models based on estimates of (relative) Kullback-Leibler information, inference can be based on either the best model or a weighted average of several models. Model selection uncertainty can be quantified and should be incorporated into estimators of precision. Some comments are offered on statistical hypothesis testing and data dredging.
We report on the incidence of kleptoparasites and the host avoidance responses in a colony of the Sandwich Tern (Sterna sandvicensis) at l'Albufera de Valencia, eastern Spain, in 2004. Apart from conspecifics, five species were kleptoparasites of breeding Sandwich Terns, particularly Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) and Slender-billed Gull (L. genei). Avian kleptoparasites attacked 24% of the Sandwich Terns returning to the colony with fish (N = 659) and robbed 5.3% of them. Most terns (85%) delivered their prey to a mate or chick. Fish carried by terms were mainly Chipeiformes species (96%). Prey size declined significantly as the season progressed. The probability of attack increased significantly with fish size and declined significantly as the season progressed. Most attacks were on terns as they landed to deliver their prey. Overall success rate of attacks was 12.5% and were mostly performed by single birds. The time that the terns spent flying before landing to deliver prey increased with the size of carried fish.