This chapter emphasizes hardiness at the organizational level. This is especially important in our changing times, in which it has become more difficult for organizations to turn adversity into opportunity, fulfill obligations to customers, and keep the best personnel. Discussed is how organizations need hardiness in their culture, climate, structure, and personnel. The advantage of this is that
... [Show full abstract] hardy organizations will not become complacent and bureaucratic, as will organizations low in hardiness. Also discussed is how organizations can assess and develop their hardiness.