Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches
... It begins with the discussion of the background and objectives of the study. Literature review is a synthesis of the literature on the research problem (Creswell, 2009) with the purpose to establish benchmark for comparison between the research findings and other academic works (Bhattacherjee, 2012;Creswell, 2009). ...
... It begins with the discussion of the background and objectives of the study. Literature review is a synthesis of the literature on the research problem (Creswell, 2009) with the purpose to establish benchmark for comparison between the research findings and other academic works (Bhattacherjee, 2012;Creswell, 2009). ...
... The researcher sought to listen to the respondents and build an understanding based on the theoretical framework of the Food-Machinery framework (Bigliardi & Galati, 2013a), and the experiences of practitioners. Hence, the researcher followed an exploratory approach and conducted the qualitative research for this study (Creswell, 2009). ...
The purpose of this research was to provide an appropriate academic and practical guideline for understanding open innovation (OI) in new product development (NPD) among Thai small and medium enterprises (SMEs). However, only a few studies have demonstrated that OI is used by Food SMEs. Their OI generative mechanism (GM) remains poorly understood.
To understand the role of OI in this change, specifically OI logics and practices in food SME’s NPD, and the Food-Machinery framework by Bigliardi and Galati (2013a) have been chosen to analyze 109 NPDs of 2 Thai food machinery SMEs using a critical realistic (CR) perspective. Five rounds of semi-structured interview and document review methods were utilized for data collection.
This research identified evidence that dynamic capabilities (DCs) mobilized in OI NPD is the OI GM. The results also demonstrated the Food-Machinery Flexibility Model and its six distinctive patterns within the same model, were successfully implemented by the integration of 3 OI logics (i.e., coupled OI logic with outbound dominance, coupled OI logic with inbound dominance, and no OI logic) and 8 OI practices (i.e., employee involvement, outward IP licensing, customer involvement, outsourcing R&D, inward IP licensing, insourcing R&D, supplier involvement, and regulatory body involvement) to reveal the OI knowledge in empirical domain, and consequence the analysis of 9 DCs (i.e., sensing, seizing, inventive capacity, transformative capacity, innovative capacity, absorptive capacity, connective capacity, desorptive capacity, and legally compliance capacity) revealed the underlying OI GM in the real domain. The knowledge flows have been analyzed by focusing on food recipe development at two levels of the NPD process, namely laboratory scale and industrial scale.
Finally, the identification of OI GM demonstrated the relationship between OI and DCs. The development of DCs can strengthen OI practice within the organization. They are mutually reinforcing each other. Six distinctive patterns within the same model demonstrated the ability of investigated food SMEs to develop their 14 mechanisms (DC sequences) to ensure the efficacious implementation of OI logics and practices in food NPDs, and flexibility to the nature of the collaborative strategy associated with each NPD. The results exposed Thai SMEs switching their business from generic food machinery companies to the innovation intermediary. The contribution of this research supported both academic’s view on OI literature; understanding OI GM through the OI logics, OI practices and associated DCs mechanisms in the NPD process, and food practitioner’s view by providing an appropriate 6 OI guidelines for the food innovation intermediary. The research had a limitation due to a comparison between 2 SMEs’ NPDs. Future research could benefit from exploring additional food SMEs.
... According to Creswell (2003), case study research is conducted through a detailed and in-depth data collection involving multiple sources of information. This study evaluated multiple cases, utilising semi-structured interviews with the CEOs and founders of social enterprises to understand the factors that influence their decisions to achieve social sustainability for their social enterprises. ...
... The semi-structured interview method was chosen because research on understanding the concept of social sustainability is exploratory, providing both the researcher and participants in determining complex interconnections of the social entrepreneurial drive of the participants to achieve social sustainability (Creswell, 2003). Semi-structured interviews may lead to identifying new issues that may not have been considered previously, contributing additional knowledge to the subject matter being explored (Chenail, 2011). ...
... For this study, two classifications of secondary data were employed. The advantages of using secondary data for this study is that it is readily available, saves resources, and is unobtrusive (Creswell, 2003). ...
In the emerging field of academic research on sustainability, studies on social sustainability within social entrepreneurship are largely underexplored due to the widespread misconception of understanding the distinction between these two concepts. Sustainability in social entrepreneurship is defined as the process of developing sustainable solutions for social, economic, or environmental problems that are not being addressed with the ability to endure over time by continually improving on operational efficiencies. Social entrepreneurial sustainability should cover the three sustainability dimensions, which are social sustainability, economic sustainability, and environmental sustainability. This study aims to explore the dimension of social sustainability within social entrepreneurship specifically. The study seeks to understand how social entrepreneurs achieve social sustainability. This study employs an exploratory qualitative approach based on case studies of social enterprises operating in the United States. The findings reveal various themes such as value creation, establishing smart partnerships and social innovation that social entrepreneurs undertake to be socially sustainable. This study looks to provide significant empirical findings that will be invaluable to promote further research in this nascent field of social sustainability within social entrepreneurship that will benefit academicians and practitioners worldwide.
... Despite these efforts, many schools still struggle to provide quality education, particularly in under-resourced areas (UNESCO, 2016). This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to improve senior high school education by identifying the most successful practices and examining the reasons why they are effective (Creswell & Creswell, 2017). ...
... The study is being conducted in a number of senior high schools that have been identified as having successful education programs. Data is being collected through in-depth interviews with teachers, administrators, and students, as well as observations of classrooms and other educational activities (Creswell & Creswell, 2017). The data is then analyzed to identify patterns and themes and to draw conclusions about the most promising practices in senior high school education (Department of Education, 2019). ...
... One successful teaching strategy is differentiation, which involves tailoring instruction to meet the needs and interests of individual students (Tomlinson, 2014). This approach can help students become more engaged and motivated in their learning (Creswell & Creswell, 2017). ...
This qualitative research study aimed to explore and understand successful approaches used in senior high school education. The study included 12 participants, consisting of 6 teachers and 6 students, who were selected based on their experiences and perspectives related to successful approaches in senior high school education. The study utilized semi-structured interviews for data collection and qualitative content analysis for data analysis. The research revealed four main themes: Collaborative Teaching and Learning, Holistic Support for Students, Innovative Teaching and Learning Approaches, and Emphasis on Student Assessment and Evaluation. These findings provide insights into the experiences and perspectives of teachers and students regarding successful approaches in senior high school education. The study underscores the importance of collaborative teaching and learning, providing holistic supportfor students, incorporating innovative teaching and learning approaches, and emphasizing student assessment and evaluation to achieve success in senior high school education. These findings have implications for policy and practice in senior high school education and contribute to the ongoing discussion on providing quality education for all students. This study highlights the need for continuous efforts to improve senior high school education and emphasizes the importance of considering the perspectives and experiences of teachers and students in these efforts.
... The current study employed quantitative and qualitative research designs (Creswell & Creswell, 2018) to answer the three research questions mentioned in the introduction. The qualitative design was the basis for obtaining and analyzing data from materials evaluation and a teacher interview. ...
... There were one EFL teacher and twenty students participating in this study. They were selected using purposive sampling based on the pre-determined criteria to be the study participants (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). Through this sampling technique, the participants were expected to provide detailed information regarding the issue or topic being investigated (Creswell, 2012), which, in the context of this study, was LA promotion through an EFL textbook. ...
... Therefore, it supports the notion that LA is ideal for classrooms with several conditions, such as those attended by students with different learning needs and limited learning resources (Chik et al., 2018). We followed the research ethics (Creswell & Creswell, 2018) by asking for permission from the individual in authority (the school principal) to interview the teacher and deliver questionnaires to the students. Moreover, a consent letter is addressed to the teacher and the students to inform them about the study. ...
Studies on learner autonomy (LA) in EFL learning have been widely reported. However, the promotion of LA through EFL textbooks in Indonesia remains under-explored. This study investigated the extent to which the EFL textbook Erlangga Straight Point Series (ESPS) facilitates LA, the students' perceptions of the textbook in promoting LA, and the teacher's perceptions of LA facilitation in the textbook contributing to EFL learning. This study employed quantitative and qualitative research designs involving 20 EFL students and an EFL teacher at a private Islamic senior high school in Bengkulu, Indonesia. The data were garnered from the textbook evaluation, the student questionnaires, and the teacher interview. The corpus data were analyzed through the framework by Nunan (1997), the questionnaires were through percentage calculation, and the interview results were through thematic analysis. The results showed that LA is not optimally facilitated in task sections of the textbook. Moreover, the students perceived the textbook only supported LA through the principles of classroom activities, self-assessment, and self-reflection. Meanwhile, the teacher positively perceives LA, but institutional support for its implementation is unavailable. This study implies the pivotal roles of all stakeholders in education to support autonomous learners through EFL textbooks.
... Validity means that the researcher checks for the accuracy of the findings by employing certain procedures (Gibbs, 2007 as cited in Creswell, 2014). The researchers adopted the multiple validity strategies recommended by Creswell (2014). ...
... Validity means that the researcher checks for the accuracy of the findings by employing certain procedures (Gibbs, 2007 as cited in Creswell, 2014). The researchers adopted the multiple validity strategies recommended by Creswell (2014). Thus, to enhance trustworthiness of the finding of this study, the researchers, in concurrence with the narratives of the participants, employed triangulation by observing their behaviors and actuations and by having access to pertinent information about them from the official records of the PWD organization. ...
... Finally, the researchers presented the negative or discrepant information that runs counter to the themes. As the real life of mothers of children with disability is composed of different perspectives that do not always coalesce, presenting this contradictory evidence would make the accounts more realistic and more valid (Creswell, 2014). ...
Central to this study is the lived experiences of parents of children with physical disability. This study was conducted at Barangay Poblacion 8, Midsayap, Cotabato. It included as participants purposively chosen parents of children with physical disability. Their ages ranged from 31 to 53 years old, and were all mothers. The physical disabilities of their children were either musculoskeletal (orthopaedic) or visual. This study made use of the phenomenological research design. Findings bared that despite the apparent conditions of their children, the participants joyfully and with gratitude accepted their children as blessings from God. They spent bonding moments with them, and at times appreciative of their learning of new things, and were busy taking good care of the total well-being of their children. They were aware of their children’s limitations, but they do not consider them as different. Nevertheless, they sought acceptance, respect, and understanding from others. The participants were concerned about the health issues of their children, anxious about the mistreatment they received from others, and pondered on their possible rejection in the future. The participants stood by their children and draw strength from God. They look at the bright side of life and hope that their children finish studying. The participants as mothers were longing for help for their children’s sake.
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... Given that this information is not recorded anywhere, a judgmental (purposive) sampling technique, which is one of the non-probability sampling methods, was employed in this study. In this method, the researchers include elements with certain characteristics that they consider suitable for research purposes based on their observations [52,53]. Therefore, the most wellknown regions where the most intense yachting activities occur in Türkiye between Ayvalık and Fethiye were visited. ...
... Journal of ETA Maritime Science 2023;11(1):[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] ...
... This perspective leads to find the basis of qualitative approach corresponding with studies relying on constructivism philosophy. The qualitative study tries to understand particular human interactions in a natural context (Creswell, 2009). Therefore, this study aims to explore participants" true meanings of their talk which is more appropriate to be done qualitatively. ...
... These questions helped the students to think and answer critically. This strategy was helpful because it guided the students recall and connect the required information such as in lines 6,11,19,26,29,37,47 ", and 50. In addition, the teacher employed the alternative question strategy in line 16, to facilitate finding the answer from the students. ...
Down the ages, many studies have been conducted on Grammar Teaching. This study investigates on the effect of Grammar Teaching on Language Learning. It throws light on the dark area of how teachers teach grammar verbally and the manner their talk impacts the learning process. This paper aims to explore the Impact of Teacher Talk on Acquisition of English Grammar naturally. The required data was collected with a Qualitative Realistic Approach. The conversation analysis method was transcribed and analyzed. The outcome revealed that teacher talk enhanced students' command of English grammar learning. Besides, they explicated that Repetition and Pauses were the most frequent techniques used in teacher talk. Wh-questions, Yes/No questions and Elaboration were the most-used strategies in teachers talk. These techniques and strategies helped language learners acquire the grammatical rules. It is suggested that teachers take more consideration to their talk, as it reflects on improving Language Learning.
... For this chapter, only information on participants' biographical information related to qualifications and teaching experience was used. The integrity and credibility of the data were maintained with (Creswell, 2014) the methodological triangulation applied. ...
... Observation data were analyzed and coded based on the themes that developed. Coding (Creswell, 2014) is a process in which data are categorized and labeled with a suitable term. Member checks were carried out with two participants each from two of the countries to authenticate the empirical results. ...
... The approach was applied because qualitative and quantitative data may be used to comprehend the research problem (Creswell, 2009). A quantitative method was used to test the hypotheses by measuring the relationship between socioeconomic factors and participation. ...
Article info Individual participation in the emerging stock market, such as the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE), is growing, although it covers only 2 per cent of the working population in Tanzania. This study examined socioeconomic factors that explain individual participation decisions in DSE. Data were collected from 200 participants and 200 non-participants using a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model, while qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results indicated that individuals participate in different social and economic groups, which motivates them to invest. The BLR results indicated that social interaction, income, and internet technologies are the potential to influence individualsʹ decisions to participate in the stock market. Conclusively, social interactions, access to the internet and investment preference have a high likelihood of influencing individuals' investment decisions. These results are consistent with socioeconomic and cultural risk theories showing that the intermix of economic and social factors influence individuals' investment decisions. However, these theories do not include internet technologies. In this vein, the inclusion of these technologies in determining the influence of an individual's participation in the stock market is necessary. These results call for the government to strengthen supervision and quality monitoring of social group operations and management of funds. Furthermore, the study advocates DSE to use technology enablers such as the internet and social media to reach many individual investors.
... The method involves the collection, analysis and interpretation of quantitative data [17]. As explained by Creswell [18], descriptive survey design is purported to observe, describe and present the situation of an issue as a natural phenomenon. That is to point out, from the collected data what is happening at only a point in time. ...
The purpose of the study was to find out the predominant forms of Continuous Professional
Development for senior high school heads of public Senior High School/ Technical and Vocational
Educational and Training (SHS/TVET) in Greater Accra Region of Ghana and their perception of
Continuous Professional Development. A descriptive survey method was used, where a
questionnaire was administered to the Heads (Headmaster, Assistant Head-Administration and
Assistant Head-Academic) of SHS/TVET in the Greater Accra Region. The accessible population
for this study comprised all heads of SHS/TVET in the Greater Accra Region. The target population
consisted of all heads of public all SHS/TVET in the Greater Accra Region. A census was used to
select all heads of public all SHS/TVET in the Greater Accra Region. A self-designed questionnaire
with a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.85 was used for the data collection. Means and
Standard Deviations were used to analyse data for the study. It was found that Conferences workshops and academic programs are the predominant form CPD undertaken by the heads of public SHS/TVET and that the heads expressed that the performance of the Head is dependent on the perception of professional development. It was therefore recommended that the Ministry of Education to make policies as to enhancing sponsorships continuous Professional Development for senior high school heads in the management of the SHS/TVET.
... Relevant to the research problems aforementioned, this study is qualitative. It employed case study and discourse analysis strategies (Creswell, 2009) (Paltridge, 2021). A case study is a strategy in which a researcher explores a small scale, case. ...
... This study used a descriptive, cross-sectional survey research design to collect documents and qualitative methods to examine state-level program quality standards and teacher performance expectations (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). This process helped us facilitate a systematic process to review and interpret the data to assign meaning (Frey, 2018). ...
Because of discrepancies among U.S. states regarding how they assess school-based agricultural education (SBAE) teacher performance and program quality, little knowledge has existed regarding how these differences might influence critical decisions regarding hiring, pay, promotion, and dismissal. In response, the purpose of our study was to examine commonalities and differences in state-level program quality standards of teacher and program performance expectations for SBAE in the U.S. To accomplish this, we analyzed documents containing teacher and program standards used by state SBAE leaders. Using cognitive sensemaking as our lens, we found states that measured SBAE teacher and program standards using a variety of formats and methods, emphasizing teacher engagement in professional development, organization of course syllabi and lesson plans, program safety, and health protocol adherence. We also found little mention of instructional practice as a prominent metric for success and no delineation regarding standards for teachers' years of experience. We discuss the merits of these documents and encourage practitioners to critically examine their intent and use them moving forward.
... The literature suggests that qualitative research sample size is to be small (Miles et al., 2019) with recommended ranges from 5 to 25 participants (Creswell, 2017). Qualitative research sample size seeks "saturation", the point at which additional participants uncover no new information (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). ...
... While the findings in this study suggest a statistically significant albeit negative correlation between IC and burnout, it is imperative to note that this does not imply a causal relationship in any way. As Creswell and Creswell (2018) state, non-experimental research generally cannot infer causation. However, this study's findings may serve as a cause-effect indicator, this being in agreement with Edmonds and Kennedy (2017) who assert that findings from correlation studies can be "…a compelling indicator of cause and effect" (p 188). ...
Extant literature suggests that burnout is one of the major factors contributing to declining teacher productivity. Studies have exposed a prevalence of burnout among the teaching fraternity, with administrators recording higher levels of burnout. This research study investigated the association that exists between internal communication and teacher burnout, among public high school administrators employed by the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) in Kakamega County as the target population. The research questions were: a) What is the perceived effectiveness of the internal communication in place based on official channels used by TSC to communicate with the administrators? b) What are the administrator burnout levels in select public high schools in the county? and, c) What is the association between internal communication and teacher burnout among the select public high school administrators? The study which utilized a correlation research design, revealed that all the respondents experienced burnout. The findings further established that there was a weak negative correlation of -.231 between internal communication and corporate burnout, with a statistical significance level of 0.016. This suggests a statistically significant relationship between internal communication and burnout characterized by a weak negative correlation. The study recommends that institutions endeavour to ascertain their employees’ communication interests in order to establish their internal communication system. Similar studies should be conducted in the different Kenyan counties so as to make comparisons as well as among administrators in private and international schools in Kenya, to provide more insight into the association between internal communication and teacher burnout.
... This research study used a mixed methods approach (Creswell, 2014). The mixed approach entails collecting quantitative and qualitative data and then analyzing the combined results to gain a deeper understanding of the investigation. ...
This research paper describes a mixed-methods study with a one group, pretest- posttest design that aimed to analyze the effects of writing reflective journals on the writing skills of 25 EFL sophomore learners. It also examined the participants’ perceptions of reflective journals as a learning strategy. The data were collected in two phases. In the first phase, a pre-test and a post-test were applied to gather the quantitative data. The researchers employed a writing assessment rubric to score the pre- and post-tests to assess the students’ EFL proficiency level. And in the second phase, participants were required to fill out an open-ended questionnaire of six questions to collect the qualitative data. It was demonstrated that reflective journals had a positive impact on the participants’ writing skills development and that they were perceived as a helpful learning strategy to boost English proficiency. These findings could help EFL students improve their metacognitive skills, which are required in the Ecuadorian curriculum.
... Ethics is concerned with preventing harm to the welfare and interests of the researcher and research subjects as a result of the research being done. When research participants endure worry, stress, guilt, and self-esteem damage during data collection and in the interpretations drawn from the data they provide, Creswell (2014) warned that researchers would harm the people or groups they investigated. The researcher followed ethical guidelines that were intended to safeguard persons who were taking part in the research. ...
This study analysed classroom language practices in the multilingual primary schools of Choma district of Zambia and was informed by the three-language orientation theory propounded by Ruiz (1984). Using a phenomenology research design, the study adopted a qualitative methodology. The study sought to address three objectives: (i). To establish the views of teachers on classroom language practices in selected multilingual primary schools of Choma district. (ii). To analyse classroom language practices by learners and teachers in selected multilingual primary schools of Choma District. (iii). To ascertain the prospects of translanguaging in multilingual classrooms of selected primary schools of Choma district. The sample size was sixteen teachers who taught grades 1 and 2 classes from four schools. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data that were gathered through interviews and observations of classroom lessons. The findings revealed that teachers used translanguaging to promote linguistic inclusivity and diversity. Additionally, the study showed that most grades 1 and 2 classes of Choma district were multilingual in the sense that both teachers and learners were able to speak more than one language. Furthermore, the study found that teachers encountered communication difficulties when instructing learners from various linguistic backgrounds in Tonga because learners found it difficult to understand the language of instruction (Tonga) consistently especially first graders. As a result, some teachers had to switch from Tonga to other languages spoken by learners in class to foster their understanding. The study also established that translanguaging was a promising strategy for teaching diverse learners in multilingual classes of Choma district as it improved learners’ participation, cognition and aided the connection of what they were doing in class to their language of play and home language. The study recommended that grades one and two teachers of Choma district needed orientation on how to use translanguaging and code switching in culturally and linguistically diverse classes. In addition, the study recommended that policy makers such as Ministry of Education should reconsider the use of monolingual practices in primary schools and adopt translanguaging practices for teacher training institutions to reinforce the component in their curricular.
Keywords: Language practices, multilingual schools, translanguaging, codeswitching.
... The findings revealed that the participants seem to think they are knowledgeable about the three key TPACK domains, namely content, pedagogy, and technology. However, the majority of teachers saw them as distinct and were unable to combine their TPACK knowledge in order to create and implement effective lesson plans Methodology The quantitative cross-sectional survey technique (Creswell & Creswell, 2017) was utilized to gather data of university teacher educators' through an adapted survey questionnaire Schmidt et, al. (2009). The respondents of the study were picked through convenience sampling technique. ...
This study focuses on the perceptions that teacher educators have of their own effectiveness and capabilities with regard to the integration of technological pedagogical and content knowledge into their courses. To successfully incorporate knowledge, skills and technology into the classroom, educators' need to have a broad base of knowledge and TPACK alludes to this breadth of knowledge. This article examines the various different types of expertise that an educator has to possess in order to successfully incorporate knowledge, skills, and technology into their lessons. In order to accomplish the objective of the research, quantitative research design was employed and teacher educators from public and private universities in Karachi, Pakistan were solicited to take part in a quantitative survey. The data were gathered with the assistance of a modified survey instrument that possesses a high level of reliability and validity. The data were then analyzed with the assistance of Statistical Software for the Social Sciences. The results of the study indicated that teachers' TPACK has a significant impact on the instructional strategies they choose to implement in their classrooms. On the basis of the findings, it is suggested that the TPACK framework be used to improve the curriculum for teacher education, to design learning strategies, to develop the teaching abilities of teachers and in order to effectively implement these strategies in their teaching practices in teacher education programs in Pakistan. This suggestion is based on the fact that the findings indicate that the framework is expedient.
... The present study was a descriptive survey research and cross-sectional in nature where quantitative method was applied. According to Creswell (2014), the function of a research design is to ensure that the evidence obtained enables us to answer the initial question as unambiguously as possible. The data collected has been used to determine the facts and figures derived from responses of undergraduate respondents. ...
The purpose of this study was to focus primarily upon the Vocabulary Learning Strategies and investigate their effects on comprehension, awareness and language competence of ESL undergraduate learners in Karachi, Pakistan. Today's learners in the classroom are more diverse in a number of areas, including linguistic, culture, location, and socioeconomics. This increasing variety inside the classroom highlights the demand for a transition toward education that is more learner-centred and supported by more resources. A system of education that is centred on the learner requires teachers to make use of their expertise and the available resources in order to determine how individual students learn best and then encourage them to actively engage with the appropriate vocabulary learning strategies in the diverse cultural classrooms. The current study used a cross-sectional descriptive survey design and utilized a quantitative research method. The data was processed to derive the facts and figures from the responses of undergraduate respondents. In consideration of vocabulary learning methodologies, data analysis for vocabulary knowledge and vocabulary acquisition was accomplished. The researchers examined the demographics and the questionnaire responses from (n=350), 193 (55.1%) males and 157 (44.9%) females undergraduate ESL/EFL learners using Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences. Results showed that majority of the learners agreed that vocabulary can be enhanced through different but appropriate intensive reading strategies like; words of their interest, reading story books, repeating lesson through rhyming words, repetition of new words and words while listening to colleagues and others, most of the learners rated high scores to intensive reading strategies. In order to gradually improve the learners' language proficiency, comprehension, and expression for practical application in daily life, English vocabulary must be taught taking into account their unique needs and cultural background. The study also showed that undergraduate ESL/EFL learners require support with lexical knowledge for vocabulary learning through a variety of ways. English language is utilized in every aspect of life, so it is essential to provide ESL learners with appropriate lexical knowledge for excellent language competence.
... To ensure consistency in qualitative analysis, all the themes and codes were checked (Creswell, 2017) independently by each researcher. Furthermore, to achieve confirmability, the data from the interviews were reviewed and checked by the researchers at different times. ...
This study aims to examine counselors' views about the supervision they received during their training. It was designed according to the phenomenological approach, which is a qualitative research design. To select the study group, the researchers made simultaneous use of the criteria sampling, maximum diversity sampling, and convenience sampling methods. The main inclusion criteria for the study group required that the counselors had taken the "Individual Counseling Practicum" course during their undergraduate education and had graduated from a department of "Counseling and Guidance". Thus, 21 counselors who graduated from universities in different regions were purposefully selected to ensure maximum diversity in the research. MAXQDA software was used for data analysis to help the researcher in systematic evaluation and interpretation of qualitative texts. Based on the study results, the theme 'supervisory process' was divided into seven sub-themes, which are assessment of supervision, the methods and techniques used in supervision, frequency of supervision, focused theory of supervision, supervisor's approach and style, supervisory relationship, and focus of feedback during supervision. In addition, these seven sub-themes identified according to research results were further divided into additional categories. Article Information
... Se trabajó desde el estudio de caso único en la investigación cualitativa y el enfoque interpretativo. De este método interesó el tratamiento holístico que se le da al objeto de estudio pues los sujetos con quienes se trabaja son parte de la investigación y construyen en forma conjunta los resultados que se obtienen (Creswell, 2014). Las participantes del estudio son 19 estudiantes que para el I semestre 2021 cursaban el III nivel de la carrera y habían matriculado las dos asignaturas relacionadas a los Estudios Sociales. ...
Se analizan las narrativas históricas que construye un grupo de estudiantes de primaria en formación inicial y se tipifican según sus características.
... This study employs a qualitative case study design in order to investigate the scaffolding behaviors portrayed by students throughout peer scaffolding during descriptive writing, students' preferred scaffolding behavior, and factors influencing their scaffolding behaviors. Instrumental case study is applied to fully comprehend a case, such as an occurrence of an incident, behavior, or procedure (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). In this case study, participants were asked about their preferred scaffolding behavior and the factors contributing to it, as well as behavioral patterns that emerged during group interactions. ...
Human interaction and support are key to students’ learning. In English as a second language (ESL) settings, peer scaffolding reinforces the traditional teacher–learner interaction. A lack of peer interaction among students, which is also a product of the COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in young learners becoming overly reliant on teachers. This concern is a factor in hindering learners’ writing development. Inspired by the sociocultural perspective, this study employed a qualitative research design to explore the types of scaffolding behaviors among young learners. The analysis is based on the Taxonomy of Language Functions and what triggers these behaviors among primary ESL learners during classroom writing tasks. Data from 10 recordings of audiovisual materials and interviews were collected from 30 Year 6 primary school students and were analyzed using thematic analysis. The data analysis showed that scaffolding behaviors occurred continuously throughout each writing stage. The findings revealed that the preferred scaffolding behavior among learners was questioning. Eliciting questions was the most frequent type of inquiry that was applied during peer scaffolding. Results highlight the triggering factors that influenced scaffolding behaviors, which were learners’ level of competency, personalities, and accessibility to L1. This approach can be used as an alternate strategy for teaching writing because of its substantial impact on the writing ability of ESL students. The findings would provide a clear direction for ESL practitioners and learners to acknowledge the significance of learners’ behaviors and factors during peer scaffolding in assisting their development in writing attainment.
... However, the fact that the study was carried out in the real classes where the teaching-learning activities were going on impeded the formation of artificial groups for the study. Under such circumstances, it is convenient to carry out quasiexperimental studies where it is not likely to assign students in an unbiased way; but the available groups can be allocated as experimental and control groups in an unbiased way (Creswell, 2009). ...
... Besides, the suggestions made by Gibbs (2007) to ensure that the transcripts for single-research studies do not contain errors and to constantly compare the codes and data in the process were also applied in this study. To increase the validity of the study, resource diversification was used (Creswell, 2009). Accordingly, the study was strengthened by making comments based on both the data obtained from the literature review and the data obtained directly from the teachers. ...
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic affecting all over the world, the social studies course, like all other courses, has started to be given via distance education. Although there are many studies aiming to reveal classroom teachers’ distance education experiences in other disciplines (i.e., sciences mathematics, physical education), no study has been encountered on distance social studies teaching. Therefore, in the present study it was both aimed to examine the experiences of classroom teachers’ on conducting social studies courses in distance education and review the relevant studies systematically. In this way, the research findings will be interpreted in a more comprehensive way. The case study design and systematic review were utilized to conduct the present study. Data were collected through literature review and semi-structured interview form. Interviews were held with seven classroom teachers who conducted the social studies courses with distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Both criterion sampling and convenience sampling techniques were utilized to determine the participants. The data were analysed via content analysis technique. To ensure inter-rater reliability, inter-coder reliability was calculated and a detail description on the research stages was provided to increase the credibility of the study. The findings addressing the problems and the benefits classroom teachers experienced while conducting social studies courses in distance education substantially overlap with literature review findings. The challenges experienced by classroom teachers in distance education are more than the benefits. Classroom management, interaction and assessment and evaluation were the most complained issues by classroom teachers. It was also determined that advanced technology literacy skill, positive attitude towards distance education and dedication are crucial to success in distance education.
... The research data were subjected to content analysis, which involves a systematic process in which the researcher seeks answers to why and how questions (Creswell, 2013;Patton, 2002;Wolcott, 1994;Yıldırım, Şimşek, 2013). In this context, each interview was analyzed in detail, line by line. ...
... review developed byBooker (2010, p. 59) as an application ofCreswell's (2003) concurrent nested strategy and Noblit and Hare's (1988) seven-phase meta-ethnography. Noblit and Hare pioneered meta-ethnography as a review method for synthesizing ethnographic and interpretive qualitative studies to create holistic interpretations as an alternative to meta-analysis based on quantitative studies. ...
Over the past decades, the practices and policies of higher music education have been shaped by the rapid global changes affecting curricula, pedagogies, and students’ employability. At the same time, the rates of psychological distress and illness among students have been rising. Thus, higher music education institutions urgently need to understand music students’ experiences of workload, stress, and coping in order to support their learning, well-being, and future careers. Music students’ studying experiences differ from other students’ experiences, as part of studying music has specific characteristics deriving from the traditional master-apprentice model, such as one-to-one tuition, practising, and performing. As part of the cross-national Music Student Workload project in Finland and the United Kingdom, this article-based doctoral dissertation investigates music students’ experienced workload, stress, and coping. The four international peer-reviewed publications included here report on and synthesise the explanatory stage of the research project. Extended meta-ethnography was used to synthesise 29 qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies in the first article, which is a systematic review of the literature on students’—and particularly music students’—experienced workload. A transcendental phenomenological approach was combined with multistrategy methodology (quantitative and qualitative) when examining music students’ experienced workload and stress in connection to music students’ use of proactive coping styles in the second article, and in connection to music students’ life and livelihoods in the third article. A qualitative methodology was used in the fourth article, which recommends tools that teachers can use to support music students in managing and coping with their experienced workload. In the second, third, and fourth articles the data consisted of responses to the Workload, Stress, and Coping questionnaire from a total of 155 music students (108 in Finland and 47 in the United Kingdom), of which 29 participated in subsequent interviews. The results and findings were synthesised to make recommendations for students, teachers, administrators, and student health and well-being services as to how to deal with music students’ workload. It is recommended that good practices should be identified to support music students’ proactive coping skills in higher music education institutions. It is also crucial to find solutions to the unequal workload and stress experiences between low-income and well-off students, different genders, and different study programmes. In addition, teachers’ continuing professional development must be ensured, particularly in learner-centred pedagogical approaches.
This dissertation recommends investments in longitudinal, cross-cultural, and interventional research on music students’ experiences that can inform educational policies and pedagogical practices in higher music education. Furthermore, specific challenges and resources associated with music students’ coping with workload and stress should be acknowledged in general educational theories concerning students’ workload.
... In environmental sciences research, several types of qualitative data are commonly used. Some of the most common types of qualitative data as put forward by Creswell (2014) used in environmental sciences research include: ...
... Five experts were invited to evaluate the validity of questions using the index of objective congruence (Creswell, 2014). The indexes of each item were greater than the minimum score of 0.750 (Turner and Carlson, 2003). ...
This study aims to identify dimensions for measuring tourists' perceptions of the service quality of regional airports in secondary tourist cities and to investigate the causal relationship between regional airport service quality, tourist satisfaction with airport services, and revisit intention to secondary tourist cities in Thailand. A total of 886 responses are analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique. This study explored four dimensions to measure the service quality of regional airports, namely, diversion, convenience, the efficiency of airport function, and access. Empirical results reveal the direct effects of three dimensions of diversion, convenience, and access on tourist satisfaction with airport services. This study also found indirect effects of the three dimensions on destination revisit intention through tourist satisfaction. Furthermore, the article affirms a strong link between tourist satisfaction with airport services and their intention to revisit the secondary tourist cities.
... On the other hand, Creswell and Creswell (2017) suggested that a quantitative research design for the evaluation of hypotheses is one of the most compelling research designs. This research methodology is also helpful in examining the relationships between groupings of interdependent variables and rationalization. ...
El aprendizaje organizacional se posiciona como pieza clave en el nuevo contexto de competitividad empresarial. Los aprendizajes vividos a raíz de la crisis global del Covid-19 y de la transformación cultural y digital que venía en curso, mostró a las organizaciones la importancia de aprender permanentemente y de saber custodiar y enriquecer los activos de conocimiento que toda organización posee en su talento y en su experiencia. La pequeña y mediana empresa – PYME hace parte de este contexto acelerado de cambio y transformación de los mercados. Dada su importancia capital en la economía al agrupar al 99% de las empresas en la región, la empresa Pyme tiene frente a sí el desafío de acelerar la incorporación del aprendizaje organizacional al interior de sus estructuras como factor condicionante de competitividad. Pocos estudios se han realizado para describir esta correlación en el terreno de la pequeña y mediana empresa, por eso, el presente artículo ofrece el avance y primeros resultados sobre el aprendizaje organizacional como factor condicionante de la competitividad en la empresa Pyme, para contribuir al vacío de conocimiento en dicho contexto. El estudio emplea un enfoque cuantitativo con alcance correlacional, de diseño no experimental transeccional. Se aplicará un instrumento que permitirá determinar la relación entre las dos variables, en el contexto de la empresa Pyme de la ciudad de Panamá. El análisis de resultados se hará siguiendo los postulados rigurosos de la investigación científica, usando herramientas estadísticas y conduciendo análisis descriptivos, que permitan hallazgos que tengan la pretensión de ser generalizados. Sin embargo, las primeras aproximaciones de esta revisión teórica reflejan claramente que el aprendizaje organizacional se ha vuelto un elemento clave en el nuevo ecosistema de los negocios y la economía digital.
Pedagogic competence and professional competence are essential for teachers as assets to be able to present quality learning, especially in developing lesson plans. Without the two competencies, learning becomes less qualified. This research was conducted to analyze the training process and its materials, including the drawbacks and benefits. This is descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this study consists of LPMP administrators, school principals, and high school teachers. The data collection method uses the techniques of documentation studies and in-depth interviews. The data was analyzed through the triangulation technique. The results of this study indicate that the training carried out for high school teachers to improve abilities and competencies to present quality learning and education through the preparation of lesson plans follows applicable curriculum standards. The drawbacks include a limited opportunity for the participants to attend training or workshops, unavailability of teaching materials or reading references, inappropriate materials presentation in the form of PowerPoint slides, printouts or soft copies, and ineffective methods or strategy implementation. Therefore, such problems can be overcome by developing and procuring adequate training and teaching materials.
This study examines the impact of sustainable finances (economic, social, governance, environment and corporate social responsibility) on credit risk management among rural commercial banks in China. A questionnaire was distributed and collected 109 respondents (rural commercial banks employees) provided their responses. The empirical evidence suggests that environmental sustainable finance and corporate social responsibility are statistically significant to credit risk management. The economic, social and governance sustainable finances are found to be insignificant in influencing credit management. The result of this study allows the regulators, government and practitioners to examine the impact of adopting sustainable finance in commercial banks and the factors that can contribute to better credit risk management.
Menjalin pernikahan yang harmonis dan bahagia merupakan salah satu tujuan yang ingin dicapai oleh orang dewasa. Namun pada kenyataannya tidak semua pasangan suami istri bisa berakhir bahagia, beberapa diantaranya berakhir dengan perceraian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penerimaan dan penyesuaian diri orang dewasa pasca perceraian. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah peserta yang memenuhi kriteria adalah empat orang yang telah bercerai dan belum menikah lagi. Para partisipan yang bersedia berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini diwawancarai menggunakan wawancara semi terstruktur. Data dari penelitian ini akan dianalisis dengan analisis kualitatif menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan proses penerimaan yang dialami oleh partisipan. Partisipan yang memutuskan untuk bercerai melalui proses kesepakatan dengan pasangannya dapat mencapai tahap penerimaan. Sementara itu, partisipan yang bercerai hanya melalui kesepakatan sepihak tidak dapat mencapai penerimaan dan cenderung mengalami pengaruh negatif seperti menarik diri, dan menyalahkan diri sendiri atas perceraiannya. Selanjutnya dalam proses penyesuaian, partisipan mampu mengarahkan diri untuk membingkai kondisi perceraian dengan mengembangkan sikap rasional. Selain itu, peserta juga mencoba untuk mengelola pengaruh negatif yang dialami dengan melakukan hobi dan terhubung dengan komunitas sosial sebagai sumber sistem pendukung dan menggunakan keterampilan pengalaman masa lalu sebagai upaya untuk mengatasi konflik yang dialami setelah perceraian.
The article argues that on first sight the disciplines of international relations (IR) and social and cultural anthropology do not seem to have much in common. Mainstream conceptualizations of the two disciplines vary considerably in terms of epistemological and methodological orientations and pursue diverse empirical agendas. Yet the article shows that reflexivist and constructivist versions of IR scholarship can get major impulses from anthropology. In fact, an already cursory review of the literature shows that in the more recent past qualitatively working IR scholars consciously sought inspiration from neighboring disciplines including anthropology. The second part of the article focuses on concrete cross-fertilizations of the two disciplines as fostered by a German-Indonesian student research project. In the project Indonesian and German students of anthropology and international relations on a reciprocal basis conducted fieldwork in Indonesia and Germany. The project trained students in pursuing an inter- and transdisciplinary research agenda on previously agreed topics under an umbrella theme and in critically engaging with the theoretical, methodological and empirical predilections of the other discipline. One of the main results of working in nationally and disciplinary mixed research groups was a markedly heightened conscience for context sensitivity in cross-cultural research settings.
Objective: For healthy sexuality and effective sexual health education, it is important to know the sexual health perception of individuals, their sexual education needs, and the affecting factors. The purpose of this research is to learn in-depth the perceptions of young men about sexual health and sexual education. Methods: This study was carried out in a health vocational school of a foundation university. The study was constituted using an in-depth interview method, and interviews were conducted with 16 students, 2 of whom were pilots. Content analysis was used to assess the obtained data. Results: Sexual education with sexual behavior and health were determined as the main themes. The male students indicated level of sexual knowledge was insufficient, and they needed to receive comprehensive sexual education from a qualified specialist. In addition, they stated that education should be given to men and women separately, and in small groups. It was also found that friends, religious and cultural values were important factors in sexual knowledge and behavior. Conclusion: As a result, it has been revealed that male university students need sexual education, and the correct information can only be learned through a comprehensive and socio-cultural norms-sensitive education.
Although social groups have “insiders,” this construct has not been measured within the disability advocacy community. Examining 405 individuals who applied for an advocacy training program, this study examined the nature of insiderness within the disability advocacy community and ties to individual roles. Participants showed differences in mean ratings across 10 insider items. A principal components analysis revealed two distinct factors: Organizational Involvement and Social Connectedness. Non-school providers scored highest on Organizational Involvement; family members/self-advocates highest on Social Connectedness. Themes from open-ended responses supported the factors and showed differences in motivation and information sources across insiderness levels and roles. Qualitative analysis revealed two additional aspects of insiderness not addressed in the scale. Implications are discussed for future practice and research.
Doğa ile etkileşim halinde olan çocuklar fiziksel, bilişsel, sosyal, duyuşsal, ruhsal, eğitsel ve sağlık gibi pek çok açıdan olumlu gelişim göstermektedirler. Fakat şehirleşmenin hızla artması, buna paralel olarak nüfusun çoğalması, insanların birbirini tanımaması ve güvenli mekanların azalmasıyla çocukların kapalı mekanlarda geçirdikleri süre artmıştır. Oysa çocuklar günlerinin büyük bir kısmını okulda geçirmektedirler. Bu doğal ortamı oluşturmada ise okul yöneticilerine büyük sorumluluklar düşmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı, ilkokul bahçelerini, doğal ögeler ve fiziksel gelişim açısından incelemektir. Araştırma nitel bir çalışmadır ve araştırma deseni “Olgubilim (fenomenoloji)”dir. Araştırmada ölçüt örnekleme kullanılmıştır. Buna bağlı olarak çalışma grubunu 2021- 2022 eğitim öğretim yılında İstanbul Avrupa Yakası’nda görev yapan 6 müdür, 24 sınıf öğretmeni ve katılımcıların çalıştıkları okul bahçeleri oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, gözlem ve standartlaştırılmış açık uçlu görüşme tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, doğal ögeler kullanan okul bahçelerinin tamamında çim ve toprak alan bulunmakta; doğal ögeler kullanmayan okulların tamamında ise asfalt veya sadece taş zemin döşendiği gözlemlenmiştir. Doğal ögeler kullanan iki okulda öğrenci başına düşen yeşil alan miktarı yeterli, bir okulda ise yetersizdir. Doğal ögeler kullanmayan okullarda yeşil alan hiç bulunmamaktadır. Okul, tarihi bir alanda değilse ya da sıfırdan inşa edilmiyorsa okul müdürleri, -bazı düzenlemeler için üst makamlardan izin almak şartıyla- bahçelerinde üst yüzey düzenleme yapmaya yetkileri olduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Yapılan görüşmelerde, okul müdürlerinin bahçeleri düzenlerken dikkat ettikleri unsurların başında güvenlik gelmiştir. Doğal ögeler kullanmayan okul bahçelerinde çalışan öğretmenlerin neredeyse tamamı bahçeleri fiziksel gelişim açısından yetersiz bulmuşlardır. Doğal ögeler kullanan okullarda çalışan öğretmenler de benzer şekilde yetersiz bulmuşlardır. Ancak okul bahçesini fiziksel gelişim açısından yeterli gören doğal ögeler kullanan okullarda çalışan öğretmenler de mevcuttur.
Las redes sociales asimiladas como implementos empresariales corporativos han tenido mucha influencia en el manejo de las pymes, aquellas pequeñas empresas que contribuyen directamente en el progreso y vivir de una sociedad, esto hace que mejoren sus conexiones entre productor/consumidor, estando de por medio el conjunto de rasgos que definen sus valores y misión como carta de presentación, constituyendo su identidad marcaria. En este caso tratándose las panaderías artesanales cuyo sector laboral trajo beneficios de desarrollo y cultural a la ciudad, este proyecto tiene como objetivo promover el aprovechamiento estratégico de cuentas corporativas en redes sociales con planificación efectiva para el apoyo a este sector de la parroquia urbana de La Matriz en la ciudad de Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi – Ecuador, a través de la gestión de social media, que se llevó a cabo con la Investigación de Campo, mediante el empleo de técnicas bajo ciertos parámetros como el muestreo no probabilístico y el uso de técnicas cualitativas, transversales no experimentales, lo cual permitió realizar la aplicación de un mapeo geográfico aplicado en la delimitación de la zona ya mencionada. Consecuentemente la información que se obtuvo fue que WhatsApp es la red social que más se usa en la mayoría de los establecimientos para promover los negocios, al ser una red social ágil y eficiente con la sociedad, además de que su gestión corporativa no necesita un nivel de conocimiento avanzado. Los resultados más importantes de esta investigación, es el manejo corporativo inapropiado en las redes sociales, ya que la cuenta que emplean para difundir su identidad marcaria es personal, más no corporativa.
The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia in the international arena has an active free politics, attitudes and views related to Indonesian foreign policy such as Indonesian foreign policy often have differences in attitude with other countries in responding to international issues. The Ministry of Defense, which covers the three branches of the TNI, namely the Army, Navy and Air Force, is very concerned about Military Academy education abroad by providing scholarships to Military Academy cadets / cadets to attend Military Academy education abroad, one of which is in Japan. This paper aims to analyze the collaboration of military education between countries, especially in Japan. The method used is qualitative by means of field case studies. This paper argues that a one-stop policy is needed in sending cadets / cadets of the Indonesian National Army Academy to attend Military Academy education abroad, where the Ministry of Defense must be positioned as the only door in the formulation and implementation of Military education collaboration policies between countries where the three TNI Matras must submit and obey as well as synergy with the Ministry of Defense in Military Education Collaboration between countries.
Esta pesquisa foi realizada entre os anos de 2019 e 2021 no município de Solânea – Paraíba, no nordeste do Brasil, localizado no Semiárido brasileiro. O objetivo foi mensurar a sustentabilidade de agroecossistemas familiares identificando os elementos chave que respondem pelo desempenho dos estabelecimentos estudados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de métodos mistos do tipo Transformativa concomitante. O marco teórico-metodológico foi o Marco para La Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad [MESMIS] que baseando-se na teoria sistêmica permite uma mensuração multicritério utilizando indicadores de sustentabilidade. Foram analisados 46 estabelecimentos da agricultura familiar e elencados 27 indicadores agrupados em 5 atributos. Observou-se que os estabelecimentos que adotaram o sistema agroecológico alcançaram melhor desempenho da sustentabilidade em todas as suas dimensões, indicando o potencial desse sistema para a agricultura familiar, especialmente em regiões semiáridas e de baixo desenvolvimento. Fatores ambientais, como as condições extremas do semiárido, agravadas pelo aquecimento global, bem como fatores históricos, como uma estrutura fundiária desigual definida através de conflitos violentos e um panorama de baixo desenvolvimento sistêmico, comprometeram seriamente a sustentabilidade da agricultura familiar no semiárido paraibano.
Introduction . Pedagogy of social education is a new branch of pedagogy, therefore its categorical and terminological apparatus is characterized by unformedness and undevelopedness. The presence of a categorical and terminological apparatus ensures the fundamentality and solidity of science, which requires its development. A correct and scientifically substantiated categorical and terminological apparatus of social education will contribute to the further concretized and objectified search for scientific knowledge about social education. Purpose setting . The theoretical analysis of publications indicates that systematic studies on the terminological content of pedagogy are isolated, and are more related to the historical aspects of the development of pedagogy in the analysis of individual categories/concepts, and not with its current state. It is revealed that the research of pedagogical categories and concepts is actively conducted in new branches of pedagogical science. Systematic studies of the categorical and terminological apparatus of social education are not carried out either in Russia or abroad. The purpose of the article is to search and analyze the classification of categories of social education. Methodology and methods of the study . The study used theoretical research methods: analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, and classification method. Results . A two-level classification of the scientific categories of social education has been developed, which includes categories of the first and second order. Conclusion . Categories of the first order created by means of mechanisms for the formation of categories of classification and include a key category, synthesized, integrated and additional categories. Categories of the second order are formed according to the criterion of the basic assignment of categories. Classification of categories of the second order includes the base category, system and process categories.
Merger is rapidly becoming an approach to addressing the enrollment and financial challenges posed to higher education in the wake of recent demographic shifts and funding changes in the United States. This study focuses on a district of rural community colleges in a Midwest, unionized state college system that is in the process of merging into a single institution. The main locus of the study is on the communication perspectives of leaders during this merger and the changes that it engendered. Eight leaders were interviewed to examine the following questions: Q1) Which communication strategies do leaders at five different public institutions utilize in an attempt to create the most faculty and staff buy-in during the process of college consolidation?; and Q2) How do these strategies align with Bolman and Deal’s Four Frames of Leadership: structural, human resource, political, and symbolic? A grounded theory approach was utilized to construct a process by which these leaders communicated through change. Ultimately, five themes arose as aspects of the communication approach during merger: 1) Coaching and Guiding, 2)Timeliness, 3) Tailored Messaging, 4) Acknowledgement of Messiness and Imperfection, and 5) Trust in the Process to form the Theory of Dynamic Interactionism. The themes within the theory align with the need to balance a large-scale structural change with the other areas of Bolman and Deal’s framework: human resource, political, and symbolic, with the emphasis on human resources and political frames of change. Although this work is focused on a single system, this process could be utilized to guide merger work in other fields, outside of education, as well as other college systems.
Bu çalışma, öğretmen adaylarının evren, gök cismi, kara delik, Güneş ve Ay kavramları ile ilgili algılarını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırmalardan olgubilim deseni benimsenmiştir. Çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 Akademik Yılında okul öncesi, sınıf ve fen bilgisi öğretmenliği programlarının son sınıflarında okumakta olan 10 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile veriler toplanmış ve içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmen adaylarının evren kavramını en fazla uzay (boşluğu), yıldız, gezegen ve galaksi kavramları ile ilişkilendirdikleri görülmüştür. Diğer yandan, araştırmada, öğretmen adaylarının Güneş tutulması ve gök cisimleri ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi farkındalıklarının yüksek olduğu evren kavramına yönelik algılarının ise sınırlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmen adayları Güneş ve Ay'ın hareketleriyle ve kara deliğe yönelik eksik veya yanlış bilgilere sahiptir. Bazı öğretmen adayları Ay’ın hareketiyle ilgili dolanma ve dönme kavramlarını karıştırmaktadır. Öğretmen adaylarında eksik ve yanlış öğrenmelerin oluşmaması için model, simülasyon gibi aktif öğretim materyal ve yöntemlerinin kullanımı yanında dersin fen dersleri kapsamından ayrı bir ders olarak okutulması gibi önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
The Healthy Identity Intervention (HII) is a His Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) accredited offending behaviour programme designed to address the psychological and social factors impacting individual engagement and involvement in extremism.
The aims of the three studies conducted as part of the HII evaluation were to better understand: (1) change amongst individuals convicted of terrorism and terrorism-connected offences in the UK who had completed HII; (2) participants’ experiences of undertaking HII; and (3) the effect of HII participation on individuals
Wives who find out their husbands are homosexuals often experience emotional surges such as disappointment, stress, depression and lead to meaninglessness of life, although in particular reason some are stood up from the sufferings. This study aims to determine the condition of resilience of wives whose husbands are homosexuals and the factors that influence them. Hope the results of the study will be useful for wives, families or households, especially in Indonesia, if they have problems with homosexual husbands. Some of them are able to develop resilience skills, at least they can be lesson for motivation and inspiration for wives, especially in Indonesia who are homosexuals in order to develop resilience skills. This research uses qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach. The participants of this study were two wives with homosexual husbands who lived in Central Java and Yogyakarta. Data collection was based on interviews and observations conducted directly at the participants' places, namely Jepara and Batang and through video calls. The results of this study showed that both participants were able to develop resilience after learning that their husband was homosexual. The stages are based on aspects such as emotional regulation, impulse control, optimism, causal analysis, empathy, self-efficacy and reaching out. Cultural factors, spirituality, social support and interpersonal communication skills were factors that influenced both participants in developing resilience so that they can go through the dark period of suffering to a life of light.
This paper represents the results of the pioneering research work that studied the toponymic heritage of real historical personality like Ahmad Yasawi. It proposed that the name-giver of the city of Turkestan is Ahmad Yasawi by means of conducting intensive toponymic research and by considering Ahmad Yasawi’s ‘Diwan-i Hikmat’ and Suleyman Baqirgani’s ‘Aqirzaman’ as historical documents. Also the research paper analyzes the legends and stories related to the life of Ahmad Yasawi by Bolatbek Qorganbekov and Mashkhur Zhusup as the toponymic legends, which can be considered as etymological foundations of some place names. The author of the current research work made the classification of Ahmad Yasawi’s toponymic heritage, which can be regarded as the first classification of historical personality’s toponymic heritage suggested by scholars. Moreover, the research work discovers Ahmad Yasawi’s deed from a new angle. All place names, which are regarded as the toponymic heritage of Ahmad Yasawi, were divided into three main groups. They are as following: 1. The place names whose author was Ahmad Yasawi himself; 2. Ahmad Yasawi’s, his relatives’, and followers’ graveyards, which are considered here as sacral places of Kazakhstan, and also they are nekronyms that can be accepted as toponymic heritage of Yasawi; 3. The place names which appeared under the influence of Yasawi’s relatives and followers. The total number of toponyms that are classified as Yasawi’s toponymic heritage is 33. They are 13 econyms, 2 hydronyms, one oronym, and 17 nekronyms. Keywords: Toponym, Toponymic Heritage, Nekronym, Hydronym, Econym, Intensive Toponymy, Khwaja Ahmad Yasawi, Turkestan.
This study is to assess the effectiveness of the inventory management system (IM) used by SMEs in the West Java province of Indonesia. Inventory management is one of the studies in management accounting. with the aim of providing convenience in checking the remaining stock inventory, reducing the risk of delays in shipping goods to consumers and production schedules can be adjusted by the company. This study consisted of a population of manufacturing SMEs whose respondents were selected purposively from the companies selected by the researcher. This study used a descriptive qualitative research design. This research also uses a purposive sampling technique. The sample size used was 102 respondents. The tool used in this research is SEM-PLS. The results showed that most SMEs in managing inventories used the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) system which was based on previous sales data and there were still SMEs in managing their inventory that was not computerized so that SMEs using the EOQ method faced challenges in the supply chain due to the level of fluctuation in demand. Sales that change frequently Based on these findings, the researcher concludes as well and proposes a request for further study of the factors affecting EOQ in SMEs to increase clarity.The first section in your paper
The doctoral experience is complicated and complex, and while the accomplishment and well-being of doctoral students are progressively investigated in research into higher education, there is still much to explore and learn on this subject. This study presents the results of a qualitative analysis from a renowned university's past and present international doctoral female candidates' perspectives on factors affecting doctoral advancement. This research was carried out to explore the enablers and obstacles to timely progression and how do PhD students overcome those challenges. This study used interview and personal reflection as methods of data collection. Using a qualitative software, NVivo (12), the data obtained was analysed through thematic process presented by Clarke and Braun, (2013). Collected data that drew out information on themes, categories and code that characterized the kind of support (enablers) and difficulties encountered by students in their studies. From the thematic analysis of the interview and reflective journal, six key themes emerged, which are the role of the motivation for higher education, internal and external enablers, internal and external barriers, strategies for overcoming the barriers that deliver a holistic image of students' perceptions on the factors that affect PhD advancement. The results are presented with the support of tables, figures and other narrations. The role of supervisors is often emphasised as a promoting factor in the advancement of PhD. Another major factor was financial support. In facilitating development, facilities were not critical considerations, but were part of overall satisfaction. Other references in terms of time commitments, motivations and social emotional capital required to pursue a higher study. Although some people find the PhD journey easy, some find not easy, in various phases of the PhD, different combinations of obstacles, enablers and success factors will work together to help them achieve the goal of successfully completing the degree.
South Africa has recently experienced an increase in unrest within urban and rural communities, despite attempts from both government and business levels to engage communities through community engagement (CE) forums. This has had a negative impact on the operations of businesses in the mining industry in South Africa. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore CE challenges in the South African mining sector, to understand the dynamics and factors affecting the peaceful equilibrium between the relevant stakeholder groups using CE best practices. The study used qualitative research methods where semi-structured interviews, as well as focus group discussion, was conducted among different stakeholders who were selected purposefully. Data were thematically analysed using the Atlasti software programme. The following themes were identified: Anglo social way, CE approaches, CE structures, guiding policies, terms of references and municipality framework. It was recommended that community members need to be educated about how the mine interacts with the community, its activities, and their participation.
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