This dataset includes historical and recent information on the freshwater mollusk communities from the middle Olt River (Romania), along with the environmental parameters in the sampling sites and their spatial coordinates, as well as the species' functional traits and niche measures. The historical information dates back to the XIXth century, and comes from old literature and museum collections,
... [Show full abstract] the more recent data (1995-2000) and was derived from original research or literature, while the present-day data was collected during a field survey in May 2020. The study area is an 83 km section along the middle Olt River, between the town of Făgăraș (45.8512° N, 24.9733° E) and the Carpathian gorges (45.5317° N, 24.2721° E), in the region of Transylvania, Romania.