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Global Energy System Based on
100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector:
Czech Republic, Slovakia
Study funded by the
German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU) and
Stiftung Mercator GmbH
2Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
LUT Energy System Model
The technologies applied for the energy system optimisation include those for electricity
generation, energy storage and electricity transmission
The model is applied at full hourly resolution for an entire year
Real weather data are used for the solar, wind and hydro resources
The LUT model is in 2017 the only one run at full hourly resolution on a global-local scale
The LUT model will be expanded to all energy sectors for a follow-up study
3Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Czech Republic, Slovakia - Overview
Czech Republic and Slovakia were merged into a single region for this energy transition
analysis
The power system is dominated by fossil fuel and nuclear power plants
4Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Czech Republic, Slovakia –
Power Plant Infrastructure
Key insights:
Significant share of nuclear and coal power plants in
the generation mix is observed
RE has seen significant growth in the share of
installed capacity in recent years, particulary solar PV
and bioenergy
source:
Farfan J. and Breyer Ch., 2017. Structural
changes of global power generation capacity
towards sustainability and the risk of stranded
investments supported by a sustainability
indicator; J of Cleaner Production, 141, 370-384
5Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Czech Republic, Slovakia (Solar, Wind)
Wind generation profile
Aggregated wind feed-in profile computed
using the weighed average rule
Solar PV generation profile
Aggregated PV feed-in profile computed using
the weighed average rule
Key insights:
Wind: Seasonal variation and overall distribution is uneven, high generation at the beginning
and end of the year
Solar PV: Very low PV availability during the winter time
6Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Czech Republic, Slovakia - Full Load Hours
Key insights:
Wind: Good resource conditions, particularly in Czech Republic. Distribution is uneven in the
region
Solar PV: Moderate PV conditions in the region
7Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Hourly Resolved and Long-term Demand
Key insights:
The average compound annual growth rate of electricity demand of about 1.0% in the energy transition
period is assumed
The population of Czech Republic and Slovakia is expected to decline slightly from 15.9 to 14.9 million,
while the average per capita electricity demand rises from 6.3 to 9.4 MWh
The electricity demand is assumed to increase from 100 TWh in 2015 to around 139 TWh in the year 2050
8Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Energy Transition in Capacity and Generation
Electricity GenerationInstalled Capacity
Key insights:
Solar PV, wind and bioenergy drive most of the
system, while hydropower complements
The power system reveals an excellent RE
resource complementarity by 2050
Solar PV, wind and bioenergy supply shares
contribute 43%, 29% and 18% to the total
electricity generation in 2050, respectively
9Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Storage Requirements
Key insights:
Batteries are the most important supporting
technology for solar PV
A significant share of gas storage is installed to
provide seasonal storage
Significant share of prosumers is noticed in the power
system
Gas storage dominates the capacities, which is used
almost entirely for bio-methane, which is not
accounted in the storage output diagrams but as
bioenergy generation
10 Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Storage Operation Modes (2050)
Battery 365 x 24 Gas 365 x 24
Hydro reservoirs 365 x
24 (if applicable)
Key insights:
Battery storage balances on a daily basis
Gas storage reacts in a very flexible way
Hydro reservoirs provide complementarity with
solar and wind but are also used as seasonal
storage
11 Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Electricity System Cost during Transition
Key insights:
The power system LCOE decline from 80.2 €/MWh to 58.5
€/MWh from 2015 to 2050, including all generation,
storage, curtailment and parts of the grid costs
Beyond 2030 the LCOE further declines to 58.5 €/MWh by
2050, signifying that larger capacities of RE addition
result in a reduction of energy costs
After an initial increase, the investment requirements
stabilise around 2025 to 2035, decline for early 2040s and
rise again towards 2050
12 Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
CO2Emissions Reduction
Key insights:
GHG emissions can be reduced from about 35 MtCO2eq in 2015 to zero by 2050, while the total LCOE of
the power system declines
GHG emissions decline as fossil fueled power plants are eliminated from the system
What is even more important is the observation that a deep decarbonisation of 82% to 1.2 MtCO2eq by
2035 and 84% to 0.2 MtCO2eq by 2040 is possible, which is well before 2050, while gradually lowering the
energy system LCOE
The results also indicate that a 100% RE based energy system is much more efficient in comparison to
the current energy system
13 Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Czech Republic and Slovakia can achieve 100% RE and zero GHG emissions power
system by 2050
The LCOE obtained for a fully sustainable energy system is 58.5 €/MWh by 2050
Solar PV emerges as the most prominent electricity supply source with around 43%
of the total electricity supply by 2050
Wind and bioenergy contributes 29% and 18% to the total electricity supply in 2050,
respectively
Batteries emerge as the key storage technology with 97% of total storage output
Cost of storage contributes substantially to the total energy system LCOE, which is
31%
GHG emissions can be reduced from about 35 MtCO2eq in 2015 to zero by 2050
A 100% RE system is more efficient and cost competitive than a fossil based option
Summary I –Energy Transition
14 Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy - Power Sector: Czech Republic, Slovakia
more information ►office@energywatchgroup.org, manish.thulasi.ram@lut.fi
Existing RE technologies can generate sufficient energy to cover all electricity demand for the
year 2050
Total LCOE average is around 58.5 €/MWh for 100% RE in 2050 (including curtailment, storage
and some grid costs), compared to the total LCOE of 80.2 €/MWh in 2015
main RE sources contribute to the total electricity supply in 2050 as follows:
43% solar PV
29% wind energy
18% bioenergy
3% hydropower
Solar PV and wind are the most relevant energy technologies for the transition
Seasonal variation and good resource conditions are the key reasonsfor the importance of
wind energy
Summary II –Energy System 2050