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Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Duboscia viridiflora
and Brachyachne obtusiflora
1
Agyare C ., 1Boakye Y. D., 1Obeng-Mensah D., 1Dodoo D. N. A. and 1Akplah A. L.
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University
of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Introduction
Duboscia viridiflora (Family: Malvaceae) and Brachyachne obtusiflora (Family: Poaceae)
are plants commonly found in west Africa. Leaves and stem bark of D. viridiflora as well as
the leaves of B. obtusiflora are used to treat wounds and wound infections in Ghana [1].
Therefore the study sought to determine the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of D.
viridiflora and B. obtusiflora.
Method
Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed on the methanol leaf (DVLE) and stem
bark (DVSE) extracts of D. viridiflora as well as the methanol leaf extract of B. obtusiflora
(BOLE) to determine the secondary metabolites present [2]. Micro broth dilution method was
used to determine the antimicrobial activity of DVLE, DVSE and BOLE [3]. The antioxidant
activities of the DVLE, DVSE and BOLE were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl
hyrdazyl [4].
Results
MIC of DVSE was 3.13mg/mL against test organisms. MIC of DVLE against B. subtilis, E.
coli, and P. aeruginosa was 12.5, 25.0 and 25.0mg/mL, respectively. MIC of BOLEs against
B. subtilis, E. coli, S. pyogenes and P. aeruginosa were 10.0, 20.0, 20.0 and 10.0mg/mL,
respectively (Table 1). DVLE, DVSE and BOLE exhibited antioxidant activity with IC50 of
17.0±0.006, 34.0±0.004 and 127.0±0.059µg/mL, respectively. Tannins, flavonoids and
glycosides were present in DVLE, DVSE and BOLE. Saponins were present in DVLE and
DVSE but not BOLE.
Conclusion
DVLE, DVSE and BOLE possess antimicrobial and antioxidant activities
References
[1] Agyare et al., J. Ethnopharmacol 2009; 125: 393-403
[2] Evans, WC. Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy 16th edition. Williams & Wilkins,
Baltimore; 2009:1788
[3] Wiengand et al., Nat. Protoc 2008; 3(2):163-175
[4] Chizzola et al., J. Agric Food Chem 2008; 56(16):6897-6904
Table 1: MICs of, DVSE, DVLE and BOLE against test organisms
Test organisms MIC(mg/mL)
DVSE DVLE BOLE
B. subtilis NTCC 10073 3.13 12.50 10.00
E. coli ATCC 25922 3.13 25.00 20.00
S. pyogenes (clinical strain) nd nd 20.00
P. aeruginosa ATCC 4833 3.13 25.00 10.00
nd: not determined