BookPDF Available

10844-38134-1-PB

Authors:
  • Independent Researcher

Abstract and Figures

El estudio analiza las necesidades percibidas en salud y el acceso a los servicios de más de un centenar de mujeres que residen en la Pampa, Madre de Dios-Peru, uno de los lugares emblemáticos de la explotación ilegal del oro, pero también de trata y explotación de personas. La Pampa ubicada en una zona de amortiguamiento de una de las reservas naturales más importantes para la preservación climática, se ha creado una frontera donde el Estado no está presente, pero que acogen entre 15 mil y 30 mil personas vinculadas a la explotación del oro, según diversos estimados. Los datos que se presentan permiten configurar perfiles de mujeres explotadas laboral y sexualmente, así como de aquellas que son víctimas de trata de personas en la modalidad de trabajo forzoso, o que han sido convertidas en esclavas, afectando incluso decisiones reproductivas, generando graves riesgos y daños a salud, íntimamente relacionados con el nivel de victimización en que viven.
No caption available
… 
No caption available
… 
No caption available
… 
No caption available
… 
No caption available
… 
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
Article
Full-text available
Person-centered health and community health perspectives on its needs and resources are mandatory in healthcare policies in highly cultural diverse contexts. From this point of view, epidemiology needs to be centered not only on the disease, but also on the health diagnosis and its context, including the points of view of people and the community about their problems and needs. This article describes and qualitatively analyzes the views of adults with self-identified mental health disorders (MHD) in rural regions on the coast, highlands, and jungle of Peru, as causal factors, personal resources, and healthcare expectations from health facilities, using the narrative approach of ideographic formulation proposed by the World Psychiatric Association. The database of mental health epidemiological studies from the National Mental Health Institute was used. The qualitative analysis on answers from 235 people reveals that a large part of MHD is linked to the dynamics of troubled families and to the loss of loved ones. The presence of scarce community resources that help overcome these problems is noted. Counseling is stressed among the expectations of healthcare at facilities; nevertheless, many people do not know what to expect from such healthcare. We believe that the narrative approach is an important tool as regards to community- and person-centered medicine and intervention strategy planning.
Article
Full-text available
Global assessments suggest that a substantial proportion of labour migrants ends up in situations of extreme exploitation, some of whom are identified as victims of human trafficking. Because large numbers of migrant workers fall into a “grey area” between trafficking (as defined by international and national law) and exploitative labour situations, there is good reason to explore the differences and similarities between the health needs of those who have been identified as trafficked compared to other migrants working in the same labour sector who have not. It is urgent to understand present-day occupational health and safety risks, forms of abuse and exploitation in different sectors and common hazardous working and living conditions to improve prevention and response strategies. This is among the first studies to explore and compare the influence of occupational and other risk exposures on people’s health and well-being and compare the experiences of migrant workers and victims of trafficking across sectors and regions. Our multiregion qualitative study on exploitation and harm experienced by individuals in the textile sector in Argentina, and artisanal gold-mining in Peru and construction sector in Kazakhstan, found important commonalities in the health hazards and financial, social and legal challenges across sectors and regions. In total, we interviewed 71 people; of these, 18 were formally identified victims of trafficking and 53 were migrant workers. Our research found that many of the abuses reported by victims of trafficking were also reported by numerous migrant workers who were not identified as victims of trafficking. Policymakers and programme staff need to look more carefully at what is happening to the larger population of people working in unregulated, informal sectors, because there are many similarities in the harm experienced by migrant workers and that experienced by identified victims of trafficking. We hope that future interventions will aim to include the larger populations of those who are in need of assistance. By making this broader investment, we will simultaneously protect against the most extreme abuses that we call modern slavery or human trafficking.
Article
Full-text available
En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una revisión de documentos publicados por organismos internacionales, organizaciones no gubernamentales y trabajos académicos sobre trata de personas, explotación sexual comercial de niños, niñas y adolescentes (ESCNNA). Dichos documentos fueron examinados sobre las tendencias investigativas, las propuestas de sensibilización para la prevención y el papel que juegan los medios de comunicación en estas problemáticas. Los resultados permiten afirmar que entre 2001 y 2013 la mayoría de investigaciones realizadas en Colombia toman como objeto de estudio la trata asociada a la explotación sexual, especialmente infantil y de mujeres. Existe un menor desarrollo de trabajos sobre la trata asociada a las relaciones filiales (matrimonio servil y adopción con fines de explotación), comisión de ilícitos (participación en diferentes delitos como transporte de droga y robos) y tráfico de órganos. Esta revisión se realizó con el fin de ofrecer un punto de partida para nuevas investigaciones sobre las problemáticas ya mencionadas.
Book
Full-text available
El contexto de extracción de oro en Madre de Dios, en el sureste de la Amazonía peruana, ha generado una ola migratoria en un territorio de escasa presencia del Estado. La economía ilegal y la extracción no formal de oro en la región han generado un escenario de condiciones precarias en donde la trata de personas para la explotación laboral y la explotación sexual son un fenómeno constante y sistemático. Este estudio se dirige a comprender un asunto específico en ese contexto: el impacto de la trata en la salud de las víctimas. Sostenida en un amplio abanico de herramientas y recolección de información de primera mano, la investigación muestra las diferencias de intensidad y duración de las enfermedades declaradas en las víctimas de trata y en quienes no lo son, y los severos problemas de cobertura y atención de los servicios de salud de la región.
Article
Full-text available
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether health care access barriers and facilitators cut across different populations, countries, and pathologies, and if so, at which stages of health care access they occur most frequently. METHODS: A qualitative systematic review of literature published between 2000 and 2010 was undertaken drawing on six international sources: Fuente Académica, MEDLINE (full-text), Academic Search Complete (a full-text multidisciplinary academic database), PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS. Scientific appraisal guidelines from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Español (CASPe) and Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) were applied. Gray literature was also reviewed. RESULTS: From the review of scientific literature, 19 of 1 160 articles and 8 of 12 gray literature documents were selected. A total of 230 barriers and 35 facilitators were identified in countries with different contexts and degrees of development. The 230 barriers were classified according to the Tanahashi framework: 25 corresponded to availability, 67 to access, 87 to acceptability, and 51 to contact. Most of the barriers were related to acceptability and access. The facilitating elements that were identified had to do with personal factors, the provider-client relationship, social support, knowledge about diseases, and adaptation of the services to patients. CONCLUSIONS: The barriers and facilitators were seen mostly in people who initiated contact with the health systems, and they occurred at all stages of health care access. Only a few of the studies looked at people who did not initiate contact with the health services. The barriers and facilitators identified were socially determined and largely a reflection of existing social inequities in the countries. To reduce or eliminate them, joint action with other non-health sectors will be necessary.
Article
Over the past year, at least 700,000, and possibly as many as four million men women and children worldwide were bought, sold, transported and held against their will in slave-like conditions. In this modern form of slavery, known as “trafficking in persons,” traffickers use threats, intimidation and violence to force victims to engage in sex acts or to labor under conditions comparable to slavery for the traffickers’ financial gain. Women, children and men are trafficked into the international sex trade for the purposes of prostitution, sex tourism and other commercial sexual services and into forced labor situations in sweatshops, construction sites and agricultural settings. The practice may take other forms as well, including the abduction of children and their conscription into government forces or rebel armies, the sale of women and children into domestic servitude, and the use of children as street beggars and camel jockeys.
Article
The Peruvian government is attempting to implement a formalization plan to deal with the chaotic expansion of small-scale mining activities in the Amazon. However, this plan has been contested, delayed and halted by local miners. Why exactly has it been so hard for the government to enforce a formalization plan in Madre de Dios? This article aims to answer this question by analysing both government efforts to establish control over the region and the challenges it faces in enforcing its formalization plan. It is argued that current resistance to and conflict over the formalization process in Madre de Dios reveals a state governance problem due to the region having been historically governed as a zone for exploitation rather than for social and economic development. Similarly, the analysis highlights the absence of major corporations through which the state can establish a basis for governance, as in other parts of the country.
Article
The abstract for this document is available on CSA Illumina.To view the Abstract, click the Abstract button above the document title.