Concept of Nabhi – A Review Study
Abstract
The central point of body in between Amashaya (location of undigested food) and Pakvashaya (location of digested food) is termed as Nabhi. In classical texts of Ayurveda; scattered references regarding Nabhi are available like Nabhi is mentioned as a vital spot (Marma) of body. Nabhi is also included among the fifteen Koshthangas of body. In Sharirasthana of Sushruta Samhita; Acharya Sushruta mentioned that Sira and Dhamani are originated from Nabhi. Acharya Vagbhatta has quoted Nabhi as a dominant place of Pitta Dosha. Nabhi is an abode of Pranas (vital energy). Available literature and commentary on Nabhi interprets it as a Navel but practically it doesn’t make a sense to stick with this interpretation. Therefore; it is need to review classical texts of Ayurveda and contemporary literature to get clear and unambiguous meaning of the word “Nabhi” now a day. After thoroughly reading and interpreting the literature available regarding Nabhi; core of physiological process would be considered by the term Nabhi.
... Since this disorder is unknown in conventional medicine, this study was conducted to introduce "UD" through review the available evidence about this disorder, its accompanying signs and symptoms and the recommended methods of UD management in different countries (Table 1) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. ...
... This position could expand or stretch the rectus abdominal muscles, and is believed to be effective in UD after 3-4 days. Thereafter, to prevent the recurrence, patients are encouraged to practice the "asana" positioning to strengthen the stomach and back muscles [10,11]. ...
Background: Umbilical displacement is a known disorder in folk medicine of different cultures. The various causes, clinical signs and symptoms are attributed to this disorder and different diagnostic and therapeutic methods are mentioned. Methods: To follow the aim of the study, Persian medicine literature, Google Scholar, Google, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched with no limit of the publication date and the article type (original papers and literature reviews). The searched terms were Navel, Umbilicus and other synonyms in Persian, Turkish, Russian, German, Chinese and Indian language, Dislocation, Sliding, Displacement, Deviation, Falling, Ptosis, Folk medicine and combination of these words. We also corresponded with several experts in traditional medicine via LinkedIn. All available descriptive evidence related to umbilical displacement was retrieved, and the contents were presented as categories including the disorder name, attributed signs and
symptoms, and the diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Results: This disorder is called “Taharok-e-Sorre” in Persian medicine, “Nawikkatin” in Erbil (Iraq), “Dharan or Nabhi Sarakna” in Hindi, “Göbek düşmesi” in Turkish, Bēn tún in Chinese and “Cirro” in the people of Mayan community and Spanish, and “смещен пупок” in the folk medicine of the Kurgan Bashqir. Hard work, pregnancy, childbirth, fear, lifting heavy objects, rapid and sudden movements, trauma or fall and slipping of the foot are said to be causes of umbilical displacement. Umbilical displacement is associated with several symptoms such as diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, anorexia, anxiety, and depression. Conclusion: In this mini-review, umbilical displacement was expressed from the viewpoint of different cultures. New cases of umbilical displacement has been reported in new articles, and the pathology of umbilical displacement has been explained from the perspective of Persian medicine.
- Agnivesha
- Charak Redactor Acharya Charak
- Samhita
Agnivesha, redactor Acharya Charak, Charak Samhita,
edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji Acharya,
Sharirasthana, 08/51, Chaukhamba Surabharati
Prakashan, Varanasi, 2008:p.350
Nabhi Marma-An Embryological and Anatomical Focus
- Diny Thomas
- B G Kulkarni
Diny Thomas, Kulkarni BG, Nabhi Marma-An
Embryological and Anatomical Focus, J-ISM, V2(4), Oct-Dec 2014, p.201-205
- Acharya Sushruta
- Shushruta Samhita
Acharya Sushruta, Shushruta Samhita. Ed. Vaidya
Yadavaji Trikamji, Nidanasthana, 07/23, Reprint
edition, Chaukhambha Subharati Prakashan, Varanasi.
2010:p.298
Available from: http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitruvian_Man 16 Acharya Sushruta, Shushruta Samhita
- Vitruvian Man-Wikipedia
Vitruvian Man-Wikipedia, [Internet] 2017, [cited on
16/08/2017],
Available
from:
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitruvian_Man
16. Acharya Sushruta, Shushruta Samhita. Ed. Vaidya
Yadavaji Trikamji, Sharirasthana, 07/03, Reprint
edition, Chaukhambha Subharati Prakashan, Varanasi.
2010:p.376
Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji, Sharirasthana, 09/02
- Acharya Sushruta
- Shushruta Samhita
Acharya Sushruta, Shushruta Samhita. Ed. Vaidya
Yadavaji Trikamji, Sharirasthana, 09/02, Reprint
edition, Chaukhambha Subharati Prakashan, Varanasi.
2010:p.383
Ashtangahridaya Samhita with commentaries of Arunadatta and Hemadri, Sutrasthana,12/08
- Acharya Vagbhatta
Acharya Vagbhatta, Ashtangahridaya Samhita with
commentaries
of
Arunadatta
and
Hemadri,
Sutrasthana,12/08. In: pt. Bhishagacharya Harishashtri
Paradkar Vaidya, editor. Reprint; Chaukhambha
Sanskrit Series office, Varanasi, 2000: p.193
- Sharangdhara Sharangadhara
- Samhita
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita translated into
English by Prof.K.R.Srikanta Murthy,, Pratham Khanda,
Kaladikakhyanadhyay, 5/48, Chaukhambha Orientalia,
Varanasi, First edition, 1984:p.25
- Agnivesha
- Charak Redactor Acharya Charak
- Samhita
Agnivesha, redactor Acharya Charak, Charak Samhita,
edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji Acharya,
Sharirasthana, 07/10,
Chaukhamba Surabharati
Prakashana, Varanasi, 2008:p.338
- Pandit Amarsinh
Pandit Amarsinh, Amarakosha, edited by Pandit
Hargovind
Shashtri,
Dvitiya
Khanda,
8/56,
Chaukhambha Sankrit Sansthana, Varanasi; 2012:p.371
- Raja Radhakantadeva Shabdakalpadrum
- Dvitiya Bahadura
- Bhaga
Shabdakalpadrum, Raja Radhakantadeva Bahadura,
Dvitiya Bhaga, Reprint ed, Chaukhambha Amarbharati
Prakashana, Varanasi; 2002;p.861