Article

Microalgal Carbonic Anhydrase-A Tool for CarbonCapture

July 2017
Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development 8(3s):182

DOI:10.5958/0976-5506.2017.00276.5

Authors:

The increasing carbondioxide level due to increased utilization of fossil fuel and other sources pose a serious threat to the environment. Many strategies are used to reduce the emission and capture the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Microalgae has been utilized widely as one of the capture mechanism. Several physiological and biological processes are involved in capturing the carbon from the atmosphere. Hence, one of the potential mechanisms of carbonic anhydrase enzyme for the capture of carbon by microalgae is discussed in this review. © 2017, Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development. All rights reserved.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.

Article

Greenhouse-gas emission mitigation from the use of agricultural residues: The case of ricehusk

January 1999 · Energy

Greenhouse-gas emission mitigation has been estimated for the use of existing and mature biomass technologies. A general methodology has been developed to determine potential amounts of residues that can be made available for energy purposes and the resulting fossil-fuel replacement from utilization of these residues. The consequent reductions in CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions in CO2 equivalents for ... [Show full abstract] a time horizon of 20 years, as well as costs of abatements, were calculated. Both traditional and improved energy uses are considered.

Article

The case for charges on greenhouse gas emissions

January 2008

Richard Cooper

The proposal The proposal discussed in this chapter is to levy a common charge on all emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) worldwide. All countries would be covered in principle, but the proposal could be implemented with a much smaller number of countries, provided those countries accounted for most of the global emissions. While all GHGs should in principle be covered, this chapter will address ... [Show full abstract] mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), quantitatively the most important GHG; extending charges to other GHGs could be made with little or (in the case of methane) much difficulty. The charge would be internationally adjusted from time to time, and each country would collect and keep the revenue it generated. This chapter will discuss the motivation for such a proposal; how it would be implemented; its likely economic effects; its relationship to energy security; the possibility of mixing an emission charge with other schemes to limit emissions, especially “cap-and-trade” schemes; and the negotiability of such an agreement. Motivation Table 5.1 reports CO2 emissions generated by the use of marketable energy (mainly fossil fuels) in 1990, the base year for the Kyoto Protocol. It also presents emission projections to 2010 (the mid-point of the 2008–2012 first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol), 2020, and 2030.

Article

ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON SOIL CARBON RESERVOIR AND THE CARBON CYCLE.

January 1987

The modern increase in the CO//2 concentration in the atmosphere is conditioned both by emission from combustion of fossil fuel and by the entry of carbon dioxide upon anthropogenic impacts on the carbon reservoirs of the surface biomass and soils. This work estimates the dimensions of the soil carbon reservoir, the velocity of the carbon cycle in soils of various types, and the losses of soil ... [Show full abstract] organic matter. It is established that these losses are equal to 0. 5 multiplied by (times) 10**1**2 kg carbon a year, which is about 1/3 the total biotic supply caused by anthropogenic impact.

Article

Letters to the editor: Carbon credits (with author's response)

August 2007

Shea Judd-Hume

The article, "Engineering and Economics of CO2 removal and sequestration", published in the December 2006 issue of Hydrocarbon Processing, highlighted the importance of compression to carbon capture and sequestration. The author's response to a query on the source of the carbon credit numbers in the article covers the current cost of carbon credits in the European market; the correlation of the ... [Show full abstract] cost of carbon with the impact of emission on the global economy and environment; long-term investment concerns; and developing pricing mechanisms.

Article

The Use of Carbonic Anhydrase to Accelerate Carbon Dioxide Capture Processes

January 2015 · Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology

The chemical absorption of CO2 into a monoethanolamine solvent is currently the most accepted commercial approach to carbon dioxide capture. However, the subsequent desorption of CO2 from the solvents is extremely energy intensive. Alternative solvents are more energy efficient, but their slow reaction kinetics in the CO2 absorption step limits application. The use of a carbonic anhydrase (CA) ... [Show full abstract] enzyme as a reaction promoter can overcome this obstacle. Native, engineered and artificial CA enzymes have been investigated for this application. Immobilisation of the enzyme within the gas absorber or in a membrane format can increase enzyme stability and avoid thermal denaturation in the stripper. However, immobilisation is only effective if the mass transfer of carbon dioxide through the liquid phase to reach the immobilisation substrate does not become rate controlling. Further research should also consider the process economics of large scale enzyme production and the long term performance of the enzyme under real flue gas conditions.

Article

Full-text available

Global CO₂ emissions from cement production

August 2017 · Earth System Science Data Discussions

Robbie M. Andrew

Global production of cement has grown very rapidly in recent years, and after fossil fuels and land-use change, it is the third-largest source of anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide. The required data for estimating emissions from global cement production are poor, and it has been recognised that some global estimates are significantly inflated. Here we assemble a large variety of available ... [Show full abstract] datasets, prioritising official data and emission factors, including estimates submitted to the UNFCCC plus new estimates for China and India, to present a new analysis of global process emissions from cement production. We show that global emissions in 2016 were 1.45 ± 0.20 Gt CO2, equivalent to about 4 % of emissions from fossil fuels. Cumulative emissions to 2016 were 39.3 ± 2.6 Gt CO2, 66 % of which have occurred since 1990. Emissions in 2015 were 30 % lower than those recently reported by the Global Carbon Project. The data associated with this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.831455.

Article

CO 2 Emissions Profile of the U.S. Cement Industry

January 1970

Global carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions from cement production were approximately 829 million metric tons of CO 2 (MMTCO 2) in 2000 1 , about 3.4% of global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production. The United States is the world's third largest cement producer, with production occurring in 37 states. Cement production is not only a source of combustion-related CO 2 ... [Show full abstract] emissions, but it is also one of the largest sources of industrial process-related emissions in the United States. Between 1990 and 2001, U.S. process-related emissions increased 24%, from 33.3 TgCO 2 to 41.4 TgCO 2 2 . National estimates of process-related emissions are calculated based on methodologies developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 3,4 . Combustion-related emissions from the U.S. cement industry were estimated at approximately 36 TgCO 2 accounting for approximately 3.7 percent of combustion-related emissions in the U.S. industrial sector. in 2001, 5 This paper explores, on a more disaggregated level, the geographic location of CO 2 emissions sources from the U.S. cement industry. This paper begins by providing a brief overview of the U.S. cement industry, including national level estimates of energy use and carbon emissions. The focus of the paper is on the development of a cement industry profile for the United States. Based on facility-level capacity statistics, a bottom-up analysis was undertaken to identify sources of CO 2 emissions in the U.S. cement industry in order to gain a better understanding of the geographic scope and concentration of this emissions source.

Article

Full-text available

Direct conversion technologies of methane to methanol: An overview

November 2016 · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

The emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is a major air pollution issue that affects climate change across the globe. Methane (CH4), behind carbon dioxide (CO2), is the second most abundant GHGs that negatively impact the atmosphere layer. Many studies have been conducted to identify a method for reducing the concentration of methane in the atmosphere. Converting methane to alternative forms ... [Show full abstract] source of energy, such as methanol, is a preferred method for methane reduction. This review aims to present an overview of recent literature that focuses on conversion of methane to methanol, with a focus primarily on the manufacturing systems and processes used in this conversion. Basic descriptions are given of several relevant technologies for converting methane to methanol and their characteristics, including conventional catalytic processes, plasma technology, photo-catalysts, supercritical water processes, biological processes and other processes. All of these options are feasible for use in the conversion process of methane to methanol.

Article

Full-text available

Global CO₂ emissions from cement production, 1928–2018

September 2019 · Earth System Science Data Discussions

Robbie M. Andrew

Global production of cement has grown very rapidly in recent years, and after fossil fuels and land-use change, it is the third-largest source of anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide. The availability of the required data for estimating emissions from global cement production is poor, and it has been recognised that some global estimates are significantly inflated. This article assembles a ... [Show full abstract] large variety of available datasets, prioritising official data and emission factors, including estimates submitted to the UNFCCC plus new estimates for China and India, to present a new analysis of global process emissions from cement production. Global process emissions in 2018 were 1.50 ± 0.12 Gt CO2, equivalent to about 4 % of emissions from fossil fuels. Cumulative emissions from 1928 to 2018 were 38.3 ± 2.4 Gt CO2, 71 % of which have occurred since 1990. The data associated with this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.831454 (Andrew, 2019).

Article

Methane emissions from the coal and natural gas industries in the UK

February 1993 · Chemosphere

Catherine Mitchell

Coal-bed methane emissions, natural gas leakage and carbon dioxide equivalent coefficients (CDEC) were calculated for the UK and compared with other published estimates. Calculated methane emissions were higher than those reported by British Coal, 1.7 mt. vs 0.75 mt., and British Gas 1.9 - 5.7% leakage vs 1% leakage. Natural gas had a lower CDEC than coal except when using British Coal's data. ... [Show full abstract] These discrepancies, which have important implications for global methane emission estimates and reduction scenarios, are difficult to resolve without independent verification of data supplied by the fossil fuel industries.

Article

Full-text available

International Technology Spillover, Energy Consumption and CO₂ Emissions in China

January 2012 · Low Carbon Economy

Based on autoregressive distributed lag model, we empirically study the interrelationship between international technology spillover, energy consumption and CO2 emissions by using time series data covering the period 1960-2008. The results show that international technology spillover, technology transformation and domestic R&D input cut down CO2 emissions. R&D input has both direct and indirect ... [Show full abstract] effect on the reduction in CO2 emissions. On the one hand, R&D input promotes domestic innovation and accelerates transformation, absorption and utilization of the technology from forerunners. On the other hand, R&D input reduces CO2 emissions by rising energy efficiency. Energy consumption increases CO2 emissions.

Article

Building Energy Consumption and Carbon dioxide Emissions: Threat to Climate Change

January 2015 · Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change

Mardiana A Riffat SB

Climate change has become an undoubted environmental challenge in last couple of decades in every continent and all sectors across the world. It occurs due to increase in temperature of atmosphere by burning of fossil fuels and releasing of greenhouse gases. These days, vast quantities of fossil fuels have been used for energy source to power the economy of a country. This scenario significantly ... [Show full abstract] contributes to a large percentage of carbon dioxide emissions. By comparing with other economic sectors, it was reported in the literature that the consumption of energy in buildings accounts for about one third of the total consumption and responsible for an equal portion of carbon dioxide emissions in both developed and developing countries. In order to have a deeper understanding into existing knowledge concerning this area, this paper presents a review on building energy consumption and its related carbon dioxide emissions as threat to climate change.

Last Updated: 22 Oct 2024