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LTE for Public Safety Networks
Abstract
This chapter describes the special characteristics of Public Safety networks and explains why LTE was selected as technology enabler for future Public Safety networks. Deployment considerations and a discussion of interworking aspects complete this section.
... 4G and 5G mobile technologies are leading the way to device to device (D2D) communications, which due to the mobile device density gives the tools for the extension of the terminal coverage when the network is damaged. Many applications and protocols [4]- [6] were proposed for public safety services based on global mobile network proximity service [7]. Since Release 11, the Third-Generation-Partnership-Project (3GPP) started to develop the specifications of new protocols and services for supporting public safety services. ...
Wireless mobile networks are widely used during large catastrophes such as earthquakes and floods where robust networking systems are indispensable to protect human lives. The objective of this paper is to present a self-adaptive emergency call protocol that allows keeping potential victims connected to the core network through the available functional stations, called gNBs in 5G, when a fraction of gNBs in a network area are fully destructed with no access to other gNBs or the core network due to the disaster. Nowadays, the density of mobile devices and progress in outband device to device (D2D) communication provide the framework for the extension of both mobile and network coverage. We propose a novel, 3GPP compatible and completely distributed protocol called M-HELP for emergency call service for 4G/5G enabled mobile networks. We assess M-HELP efficiency under various scenarios representing different degrees of network destruction and different emergency call conditions. The tests demonstrate the significant performance of M-HELP in terms of transmission success rate, energy management, latency and control traffic load.
During large-scale disasters, emergency communication systems that are reliable,
responsive, and energy-efficient are crucial. This thesis focuses on designing reliable emergency communication systems for disaster scenarios in out-of-coverage areas. The proposed systems are designed to work seamlessly across the
data link, network, and application layers. At the data link layer, a new decoding scheme named Cyclic Triangular Successive Interference Cancellation (Cyclic T-SIC) is proposed to enhance the reliability in Asynchronous NOMA-assisted
D2D communications. Moreover, at the network layer, new multi-hop protocols namely Multi-Hop Emergency caLl Protocol (M-HELP) and 5G Standalone Service (5G-SOS) that comply with 3GPP standards are introduced to reduce
control traffic and improve emergency information transfer reliability. Moreover, a new Multi Victim Localization Algorithm (MVLA) is proposed at the
application layer to locate victim devices during emergencies. This scheme uses radio data from outband D2D-assisted multi-hop emergency calls and applies constraint satisfaction methods to locate victims in a progressive propagation manner. Additionally, an emergency service architecture is also proposed comprising an optimized machine learning model to locate population-congested areas during pandemics. By comparing and evaluating the proposed methods and schemes with conventional state-of-the-art approaches, valuable insights are
obtained into the design of efficient and optimal emergency communication systems for areas with limited network coverage.
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