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Creative Interpretation in Web Design Experience
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Insight into how people mentally represent, and thus, make sense of visual designs is the key to understanding how people interact with technological devices. This paper presents a study in which participants were asked to write their interpretations of two webpage design examples, based on what they thought they would say and what would remain as a thought. The data comprised 80 3E-templates (N = 40), a template allowing participants to express experiences through writing and drawing. Inductive data analysis through a phenomenological lens revealed that supposed mental and verbal representations concentrated on the following design properties: colors, themes, interface layout and quality, which are further reflected in terms of visual usability, aesthetic evaluations, emotions and physical feelings. Representations of themes functioned as the unifying components of the visual experience. Involvement through curiosity and strategic operationalisation of ambiguity are identified as direct design implications of the study.
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... The methodology consisted of creating a prototype and validating it through usability tests with athletes and coaches. User experience is often influenced by the way information is displayed or organized [2]. Thus, design proves to be relevant when it concerns sports and the understanding of data and statistics, essentially in modalities where the level of precision of the specific positions of each technique is high, as it happens in Taekwondo. ...
This paper aims to demonstrate how design and digital media can have a relevant contribution to the improvement of Taekwondo athletes’ performance. This study focuses on answering the existing gap of a solution that allows quick and accurate access to data about the performance of martial arts athletes. This access to complex information, previously inaccessible or indecipherable to athletes and coaches, allowed, through digital design, the improvement of communication and a more personalized training feedback. The methodology developed was based on design thinking, in a work process that consisted of user identification, and the conception of a prototype in the user-centred design framework. The results obtained in the usability tests performed with Taekwondo athletes and coaches were demonstrative of the efficiency of the designed solution. These scores are also a stimulus for the potential replication and adaptation of the study in other martial arts.
... In each coding cycle the codes were carefully discussed in the research team in order to achieve consensus. We undertook iterative content-analysis, performed by multiple people in order to refine the coding of content-analysis findings [53,54]. Then, once agreement was made between the researchers, the final constructs were derived. ...
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212868920300519
... Even if it may be too bold to label this as an aesthetic turn, researchers in the field have testified to have a growing interest in aesthetic value. Attention has been directed towards the nature of aesthetic experiences in relation to HCI, such as a dynamic and contextually bound "interaction aesthetics" (Xenakis & Arnellos, 2013, p. 59) or "user interest, excitement and satisfying experiences" (Sutcliffe, 2010, p. vi; see also Engholm, 2010;Lindegaard, 2007;Silvennoinen, Rousi, & Mononen, 2017). Moreover, the focus of research has been on the role of beauty in the designed interfaces and devices (e.g., Bollini, 2017;Tractinsky, 2004;Tuch, Roth, Hornbaek, Opwis, & Bargas-Avila, 2012) or on questions of visual styles in interfaces and interactive design (e.g., Buur & Stienstra, 2007;Engholm, 2008), such as website design. ...
In this article, I enter into a discussion of how aesthetics can be conceptualized in the context of design and related to the field of human-computer interaction (HCI). I contest the current trend in design aesthetics that primarily focuses on beauty, pleasure, and the creation of emotional appeal by means of the sensual and visual elements of the design. Conversely, I advocate for a series of concepts related to aesthetics, such as reflectivity, representation, and epistemology, as these point aesthetics beyond the immediate sensual and visual. Through these concepts, a deeper understanding of the character of the relationship between humans and design can be obtained: Design objects and HCI solutions can be more accurately described in their roles as interfaces for how humans approach the world. This broader perspective on aesthetics has implication for practice when designers set the task of creating new experiences for the users. © 2018 Tore Gulden and the Open Science Centre, University of Jyväskylä.
The corporate website helps entrepreneurs and companies present their activities. At the same time, websites are an interesting channel that can generate new orders for them and, consequently, profits. That is why it is important to pay enough attention to how the website looks, works, and fits into the overall communication of the brand. Visitors are influenced by various factors that can affect conversions. The aim of this chapter is to find out what role the form of the content and the complexity of the inquiry form can play in the conversion on the corporate website. The tracked conversion in this case was the submission of a student internship application form. Fictitious sites were created for the experiments which look the same, but only the monitored variables change. The students chose one of them and then described in the questionnaire the reason why they chose the site. The data obtained were evaluated using methods of applied statistics methods. Nonparametric tests, namely, the Pearson chi-square test, were used to work with the data. The results of the experiment show that the length of the form did not play a role in the decision-making of the respondents. On the contrary, the offer of the internship structured in points was statistically significant and influenced the decision-making of the respondents.KeywordsWeb designConversionsChi-square testGeneration Z
This chapter reviews the appraisal theory of emotion and how it has been employed in human–computer interaction (HCI) research. This theory views emotion as a process that evaluates the subjective significance of an event. We demonstrate the usefulness of the perspective for HCI, as emotion is defined in terms of the events of the task environment and the goals and knowledge of the subject. Importantly, the appraisal theory ties these factors together in a cognitive appraisal process order to explain the variety of subjective emotional experiences. This is important for two reasons. First, a strong theoretical commitment allows researchers and designers to derive testable hypotheses from the theory. Second, only a theory that ties together goals, knowledge and emotion can explain the behaviour and experiences of users, who often have multiple—and at times conflicting—goals and motivations that may dynamically change in response to events in the environment.
Information technology has perpetuated the role of symbolism in everyday life practice, through its reliance on sign systems for its creation and operation. Increasingly attention has been placed on applying semiotic techniques to analyze user interface design and usability. Surprisingly, although the move towards symbolic interaction has been one of the most striking components of the digital shift, it has proven difficult to build bridges between semiotics and HTI-design thinking. In this article we argue that the problems in linking semiotic analysis of human technology interaction with modern HTI-design paradigms such as usability or user experience arise from a theoretical gap between the paradigms of semiotics, human cognition and thinking. Consequently, it is necessary to reformulate principal insights of semiotics such as the triangle of reference, by replacing the intuitive concept of thought, with modern philosophical and psychological concepts of human thinking. This allows the unification of usability research based on cognitive research with the analysis of signs in modern semiotics. It is possible to unify the conceptual analysis of signification and semiosis with conceptual and empirical work typical to modern human technology interaction research and design, thus making semiotics an essential tool within the swiftly developing paradigms of interaction design.
Visual perspective has dominated experience research in human-technology interaction for decades now. The neglect of other sensory modalities is gradually being addressed by scholars and designers, who investigate user experience based on touch, smell, taste, sound and even expressive bodily interactions. In cognitive and affective processes, user experience is always multi-modal, not just regarding perceived multi-sensory information, but also while perceiving through one modality we mentally construct information relevant to the other senses. This article reports the results of an experiment, where participants (N = 52) appraised materials either only by touching them or only by seeing. The results indicate that with certain affects, the logic of the appraisal depends on the modality. These results are discussed within the theoretical framework of mental content, apperception, and appraisal. Further, we discuss the relevance of the findings for material design, especially in the context of multimodal interaction.
How is it possible to think new thoughts? What is creativity and can science explain it?
When The Creative Mind: Myths and Mechanisms was first published, Margaret A. Boden's bold and provocative exploration of creativity broke new ground. Boden uses examples such as jazz improvisation, chess, story writing, physics, and the music of Mozart, together with computing models from the field of artificial intelligence to uncover the nature of human creativity in the arts, science and everyday life.
The Second Edition of The Creative Mind has been updated to include recent developments in artificial intelligence, with a new preface, introduction and conclusion by the author. It is an essential work for anyone interested in the creativity of the human mind.
Preface. Introduction. 1. Husserl and Brentano. 2. Husserl and Bolzano. 3. Husserl and Stumpf. 4. Husserl and Kerry. 5. Husserl and Twardowski. 6. Husserl and Meinong. 7. Husserl and Marty. Conclusion. Appendices. Bibliography. Index of Names.
The Handbook of Cognitive Science provides an overview of recent developments in cognition research, relying upon non-classical approaches. Cognition is explained as the continuous interplay between brain, body, and environment, without relying on classical notions of computations and representation to explain cognition. The handbook serves as a valuable companion for readers interested in foundational aspects of cognitive science, and neuroscience and the philosophy of mind. The handbook begins with an introduction to embodied cognitive science, and then breaks up the chapters into separate sections on conceptual issues, formal approaches, embodiment in perception and action, embodiment from an artificial perspective, embodied meaning, and emotion and consciousness. Contributors to the book represent research overviews from around the globe including the US, UK, Spain, Germany, Switzerland, France, Sweden, and the Netherlands.
Cover Blurb: Researching Lived Experience introduces an approach to qualitative research methodology in education and related fields that is distinct from traditional approaches derived from the behavioral or natural sciences—an approach rooted in the “everyday lived experience” of human beings in educational situations. Rather than relying on abstract generalizations and theories, van Manen offers an alternative that taps the unique nature of each human situation.
The book offers detailed methodological explications and practical examples of hermeneutic-phenomenological inquiry. It shows how to orient oneself to human experience in education and how to construct a textual question which evokes a fundamental sense of wonder, and it provides a broad and systematic set of approaches for gaining experiential material that forms the basis for textual reflections.
Van Manen also discusses the part played by language in educational research, and the importance of pursuing human science research critically as a semiotic writing practice. He focuses on the methodological function of anecdotal narrative in human science research, and offers methods for structuring the research text in relation to the particular kinds of questions being studied. Finally, van Manen argues that the choice of research method is itself a pedagogic commitment and that it shows how one stands in life as an educator.
A core area of scientific thinking is explaining. This means answering to the “why-questions and how questions” (Hempel 1965). Why does Sam have a fewer? Why did an organization fail abroad? Why a structure is able to support the weight of snow? How more effective valves for an engine can be designed? How to make computer games more attractive for female users? These are typical examples of design problems, all of which should be based on scientific explanation, i.e., what should be answered based on the laws of nature or as is becoming increasingly more evident, based on the laws of the human mind.
Commit it then to the flames: for it can contain nothing but sophistry and illusion.' Thus ends David Hume's Enquiry concerning Human Understanding, the definitive statement of the greatest philosopher in the English language. His arguments in support of reasoning from experience, and against the 'sophistry and illusion' of religiously inspired philosophical fantasies, caused controversy in the eighteenth century and are strikingly relevant today, when faith and science continue to clash. The Enquiry considers the origin and processes of human thought, reaching the stark conclusion that we can have no ultimate understanding of the physical world, or indeed our own minds. In either sphere we must depend on instinctive learning from experience, recognizing our animal nature and the limits of reason. Hume's calm and open-minded scepticism thus aims to provide a new basis for science, liberating us from the 'superstition' of false metaphysics and religion. His Enquiry remains one of the best introductions to the study of philosophy, and this edition places it in its historical and philosophical context.