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GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2
nd
Edition 2016/17
To cite this policy report:
Calzada, I. (Ed.) [Candel, M., Fritsche, L., Hui, D., Islam, O., Issar, S., Kamwanja, A., Lucy, L., Mueller, R.,
Piamsawat, N., Riekkinen, V. & Sampson, R.] (2017), Global Sustainable City-Regions (2nd
#MScGSCGlasgow Edition): Stockholm, Berlin, Kolkata, Abu Dhabi/Masdar, Bengaluru, Malawi, Belfast,
Hong Kong, Seoul, Helsinki and Scotland, Zumaia: Translokal – Academic Entrepreneurship for Policy
Making – Publishing, Donostia in collaboration with Institute for Future Cities, University of Strathclyde.
ISBN (e-book): 978-84-946385-0-3. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.14958.72000/1
About The Institute for Future of Cities
The Institute for Future Cities (University of Strathclyde) brings together governments, businesses, academics and
citizens to imagine and engage with the future of our cities, and explore how to make cities more successful,
healthier, safer and more sustainable for us all.
About Translokal Academic Entrepreneurship for Policy Making
Translokal Academic Entrepreneurship for Policy Making is an spin-off to carry out, share and disseminate direct
real impact and applied academic research among stakeholders and it aims to play as an on-going publishing
bridge by re-mixing locally contextualized projects and newly generated knowledge.
(First) Published on 2017 by @Translokal
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the same license as the original.
Editor: Dr Igor Calzada, MBA, FeRSA
Authors:
‘Transformative Smart Cities’ research postgraduate team: Melisa Candel (Stockholm), Dalia Hui
(Kolkata), Omar Islam (Masdar), Seema Issar (Bengaluru), and Nattarucha Piamsawat (Seoul);
‘Changing Social Innovation’ research postgraduate team: Laura Fritsche (Berlin), Laetitia Lucy
(Belfast), Akuzike Florence Kamwanja (Malawi), Rebecca Seraphine Mueller (Hong Kong), Venla
Riekkinen (Helsinki) and Rhona Morven Sampson (Glasgow).
ISBN: 978-84-946385-0-3.
www.ifuturecities.com @ifuturecties
www.translokal.com @translokal
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2
nd
Edition 2016/17
POLICY-REPORT
http:/www.translokal.com/publishing/
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS
#MScGSCGlasgow
Transformative Smart Cities:
STOCKHOLM, KOLKATA, MASDAR, BENGULURU & SEOUL
Changing Social Innovation:
BERLIN, BELFAST, MALAWI, HONG KONG, HELSINKI & GLASGOW
Comparing 11 City-Region Case-Studies
in Two Research Postgraduate Teams
from Two Methodological Modules:
Global Cities: Sustainability and Society &
Public Policy, Governance and Strategic Change in Cities.
MSc Master in Leadership for Global Sustainable Cities
Edited by Dr Igor Calzada, MBA, FeRSA
Authors:
Melissa Candel
Dalia Hui
Omar Islam
Seema Isaar
Nattharucha Piamsawat
Laura Fritsche
Laetitia Lucy
Akuzike Florence Kamwanja
Rebecca Seraphine Mueller
Venla Riekkinen
Rhona Morven Sampson
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2
nd
Edition 2016/17
Outline
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
A. INTRODUCTION 7
A.1. Global Sustainable City: Two modules. 7
A.2. SC938 > Global Cities: Sustainability & Society. 7
A.3. SC942 > Public Policy, Governance & Strategic Change in Cities. 7
A.4. Itinerary & Students/Participants: Action Research Methodology. 7
A.5. Learning by Doing. 7
A.6. Qualitative Research. 7
A.7. Case-studies. 7
A.8. City-Regions: Unit of Analysis. 7
A.9. International/Global Scope. 7
A.10. Comparative/Benchmarking.Comparing Global Sustainable City-Regions’ Urban Issues. 7
B. METHODOLOGY 10
B.1. GSC938 > Global Cities: Sustainability & Society. 9
B.2. GSC942 > Public Policy, Strategic Change in Cities & Governance. 76
C. CASES: GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2nd Edition (2016/17) 90
C.1. Transformative Smart Cities
C.1.1. Stockholm (by Melissa Candel) 90
C.1.2. Kolkata (by Dalia Hui) 113
C.1.3. Masdar (by Omar Islam) 131
C.1.4. Bengaluru (by Seema Issar) 158
C.1.5. Seoul (by Nattharucha Piamsawat) 185
C.2. Changing Social Innovation
C.2.1. Berlin (by Laura Fritsche) 204
C.2.2. Belfast (by Laetitia Lucy) 297
C.2.3. Malawi (by Akuzike Florence Kamwanja) 364
C.2.4. Hong Kong (by Rebecca Seraphine Mueller) 388
C.2.5. Helsinki (by Venla Riekkinen) 428
C.2.6. Glasgow (by Rhona Morven Sampson) 457
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2
nd
Edition 2016/17
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This policy report, entitled ‘Global Sustainable City-Regions,’ covers the work
developed by the lecturer, Dr Igor Calzada, MBA, FeRSA, as the editor of the publica-
tion and students of the second edition of the Master course MSc in Leadership for
Global Sustainable Cities from September to December 2016.
Specifically, this policy report follows a two-sequential-module structure:
•
The first module, entitled ‘Global Cities: Sustainability and Society,’ consists
of six methodological units.
•
Thereafter, the second module, entitled ‘Public Policy, Governance
and Strategic Change in Cities,’ consists of five methodological units.
The policy report focuses on two urban global issues in a comparative basis. The MSc
was developed in a team-based dynamic by applying qualitative action research
methodologies to understand and interpret each case and to benchmark and
contrast with other cases that addressed the same global urban issue.
The cases were selected jointly by the lecturer and the students in a dynamic process
in order to achieve a suitable selection of cases that would allow them to:
•
arrange groups around one specific global urban issue,
•
compare cases around the same specific urban issue, and
•
produce a full case study by applying the two-sequential-module
methodology.
Figure 1.
Image by @ifuturecities
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2
nd
Edition 2016/17
As a result, the following two global urban issues and 11 Global Sustainable City-
Region case studies were selected. Each student worked on each of them, as follows:
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS
#MScGSCGlasgow
Dr Igor Calzada MBA, FeRSA
(Editor)
Transformative Smart Cities
STOCKHOLM Melissa Candel
KOLKATA Dalia Hui
MASDAR Omar Islam
BENGALURU Seema Issar
SEOUL Nattharucha Piamsawat
Changing Social Innovation
BERLIN Laura Fritsche
BELFAST Laetitia Lucy
MALAWI Akuzike Florence Kamwanja
HONG KONG Rebecca Seraphine Mueller
HELSINKI Venla Riekkinen
GLASGOW Rhona Morven Sampson
Comparing 11 City-Region Case-Studies in two research postgraduate teams from
two methodological modules: Global Cities: Sustainability and Society & Public Policy,
Governance and Strategic Change in Cities. (Msc Global Sustainable Cities 2016-2017)
Figure 2.
Global Map with cases
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2
nd
Edition 2016/17
A. INTRODUCTION
A.1.- MSc Global Sustainable City: Two modules
This policy report has been organised in two modules. Indeed, both modules
proceeded sequentially.
A.2.- GSC938 > Global Cities: Sustainability & Society.
This first module elaborates a general perspective of urban issues at present. Two
issues are the main pivotal concepts that allow us to understand the urban dimension:
sustainability and society.
A.3.- GSC942 > Public Policy, Governance & Strategic Change in Cities.
The first module will be completed with a detailed body of techniques in order to
identify public policy, governance and strategic change to the cases studies that
students selected.
A.4.- Itinerary and Students/Participants: Action Research Methodology.
This report summarizes the full itinerary made by students that was conducted and
mentored by the lecturer, Dr Igor Calzada, MBA, FeRSA. The methodology was based
on action research insofar as students and the lecturer work together in the
definition and application of the sequential modules.
A.5.- Learning by Doing.
Thus, students gained the ability to learn by doing a case study.
A.6.- Qualitative Research.
Although during the MSc, a significant source of secondary information was used, it
could be said that case studies followed primarily qualitative methods.
A.7.- Case Studies.
Each case study was produced by one student in collaboration
with peers. At the end of the day, everything boiled down to students
sharing and learning together.
A.8- City-Regions: Unit of Analysis.
Keeping in mind the selected cases followed a diverse range of cities and regions
with very diverse populations, geographical sizes and a composition of factors, the
MSc considers the city-region as the most suitable unit of analysis.
A.9.- International/Global Scope.
The urban perspective encouraged students to compare the international
preconditions for each case.
A.10.- Comparative/Benchmarking.
Comparing Global Sustainable City-Regions’ Urban Issues.
As the outcome of the MSc Master in Leadership for Global Sustainable Cities,
students produced a case study that was organised by the lecturer in two
comparative global urban issues. Here is the main definition of each urban global
issue, in brief:
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2
nd
Edition 2016/17
Transformative Smart Cities:
In recent years, the smart city paradigm has gained traction in urban policy
and governance. Underlying the smart city discourse is the techno-utopian
belief that the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) is
imperative to confront the challenges of urbanization and sustainable
development. Although, little has been researched about the differences
between this paradigm and its consequences in the Global South and in the
Global North. In addition to this, since the smart city as a buzzword has
conquered policy agendas worldwide, a transformational push is occurring
in some innovative cities and regions worldwide.
This urban issue called ‘Transformative Smart Cities’ is explained
comparatively through five cases as follows: Stockholm, Kolkata, Masdar,
Bengaluru, and Seoul.
Changing Social Innovation:
Urban issues are usually complex and interconnected phenomena. Poverty,
political conflicts, environmental awareness, mobility and transport
mechanisms, geopolitical path-dependence, ethno-political unrest, digital
connectivity and self-determination could be researched from the social
innovation changing perspective. The capacity to think across and between
as well as within the thematic factors is crucial. Likewise, a clear
understanding of the way in which different disciplines can contribute to a
step change in delivery against these changing challenges is therefore
required. Ultimately, an awareness of the underlying factors and contexts
(including social, political, economic, cultural, technological and historial),
interdependencies, synergies, tensions and trade-offs that promote,
obstruct or even reverse delivery against social innovation, both individually
and collectively are key to understand changing dynamics in city-regions.
This urban issue called ‘Changing Social Innovation’ is explained
comparatively through six cases as follows: Berlin, Belfast, Malawi, Hong
Kong, Helsinki, and Glasgow.
GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITY-REGIONS: 2
nd
Edition 2016/17