The systematics of the subfamily Diptilomiopinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Diptilomiopidae) are reviewed. Twenty-three genera are recognized. Vilaia is found to be the junior synonym of Diptilomiopus. The characters of Rhynacus and Vimola are compared and a new diagnosis for Rhynacus is proposed. Twenty-two new combinations are made: Diptiloplatus bamboovagrans (Mohanasundaram), Diptacus pandanus (Boczek & Oleczek), Diptacus pulaski (Boczek & Davis), Diptacus sacchari (Xin & Dong), Diptilomiopus artabotrysi (Boczek), Diptilomiopus azadirachtae (Boczek), Diptilomiopus barringtoniae (Chandrapatya), Diptilomiopus cythereae (Chandrapatya), Diptilomiopus elaeocarpi (Boczek), Diptilomiopus ervatamiae (Chandrapatya), Diptilomiopus eucalypti (Boczek), Diptilomiopus languasi (Boczek), Diptilomiopus pamithus (Boczek & Chandrapatya), Diptilomiopus phylanthi (Chandrapatya), Diptilomiopus sandorici (Chandrapatya), Diptilomiopus strebli (Boczek), Diptilomiopus thaianae (Boczek), Vimola carolinensis (Keifer), Vimola globosus (Keifer), Vimola guangxiensis (Kuang & Huang), Vimola haramotonis (Keifer), and Vimola tampae (Keifer). A cladistic analysis of generic relationships within the Diptilomiopinae was carried out. The analysis was based on a total of nineteen characters drawn from the examination of specimens and from original descriptions of species in twenty-three genera. These characters were polarized by comparison with Rhyncaphytoptus, a genus in the diptilomiopid subfamily Rhyncaphytoptinae. One strict consensus tree was generated from eighty-three equally parsimonious trees produced from successive character weighting. Two distinct clades were revealed: clade A (Brevelacus) and clade B (Bucculacus (Apodiptacus, Trimeroptus) (Acarhynchus, Asetadiptacus, Dialox, Diptacus (Neodialox, Pararhynacus) (Levonga, Pseudodiopus), Lambella), Diptilomiopus, Diptilorhynacus), Neodiptilomiopus), Vimola), Rhynacus), Diptiloplatus, Neorhynacus, Acarhis). A key to the world genera of Diptilomiopinae is given to reflect the results of this study.