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Nomenclatural notes on Macaronesian Micromeria (Lamiaceae)
Abstract
Recently, the authors presented a proposal to conserve the names Micromeria varia Bentham (1834: 374) with a conserved type and M. hyssopifolia Webb & Berthelot (1844: 72) against Thymus ericifolius Roth (1800: 50) (Puppo et al. 2014a) to avoid disruption of current usage of these two well established names. This proposal, however, was not recommended by the Nomenclature Committee (Applequist 2016) and subsequently turned down by the General Committee (Wilson 2017). While regretting this decision, we are prepared to accept the taxonomic and nomenclatural implications.
... Molecular analyses of Micromeria taxa from Tenerife using microsatellite data and population-based sampling show that individuals assigned to M. tragothymus Webb & Berthelot (1844: 73) [former M. varia Bentham (1834: 374), see Puppo et al. 2014bPuppo et al. , 2017 form different genetic clusters that correlate to Tenerife's paleo-islands (Puppo et al. 2016, Curto et al. 2017. This divergence had been previously shown in a phylogenetic study using nuclear markers, with fewer samples, and morphometric analyses (Puppo et al. 2014a). ...
... Puppo et al. 2016) show M. tragothymus as an older lineage, more similar to other narrow endemics from Anaga such as M. glomerata Pérez de Paz (1974: 78) and M. rivas-martinezii Wildpret (1974: 73). Micromeria tenensis appears as a younger lineage, derived from the older species of Teno, M. densiflora Bentham (1834: 375), and more related to species growing in the central part of the island such as M. ericifolia (Roth) Bornmüller (1924: 198) [former M. hyssopifolia Webb & Berthelot (1844: 72), see Puppo et al. 2014bPuppo et al. , 2017. ...
Based on molecular and morphological evidence, a new species of Micromeria is described for Tenerife, Canary Islands. Micromeria tenensis is endemic to the massif of Teno, occurring between 100–1000 m elevation. It is characterized by having more or less pendulous branches, tomentose stems and leaves, hispid calyx, and calyx apices triangular to lanceolate, densely white hispid.
Decisions are reported on proposals and requests in Reports 61, 67, and 68 from the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants, in Reports 10 and 11 from the Nomenclature Committee on Fossils, in Report 14 from the Nomenclature Committee for Algae and in Report 12 from the Nomenclature Committee for Bryophytes.
Online edition available at http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php
No comprehensive revision of Micromeria is available and uncertainties about the taxonomy of the genus have lasted for a long time. Since the last synopsis many new data from both morphological and molecular genetic studies have been accumulated and, consequently, the number of accepted taxa and the delimitation of the genus have changed considerably. The authors provide a review of recent and unpublished research on the genus, a new circumscription and description of the genus and an updated distribution map. All published Micromeria names are listed with a reference to their current taxonomic position. Names of taxa currently placed in Micromeria are provided with type citations. A new combination, M. cristata subsp. kosaninii, is validated, along with the new name M. longipedunculata for the illegitimate M. parviflora of Reichenbach. The author standard abbreviation E. F. Chapm. is proposed for one of the authors of M. graeca subsp. cypria and 24 names are typified. Taxonomic problems needing special attention in future research are identified.
The following eight generic names are recommended for conservation: Adelostigma with a conserved type, Bidens with feminine gender, Griselinia G. Forst. against Griselinia Scop., Gynochthodes against Stigmanthus, Halostachys with a conserved type, Sorbus with a conserved type, Sporobolus against Spartina, Crypsis, Ponceletia and Heliochloa, and Stilpnophyllum Hook. f. against Stilpnophyllum (Endl.) Drury. The generic name Aconogonon is not recommended for conservation with that spelling because the orthography is believed to be correctable. The following two generic names are recommended for rejection: Hylococcus and Lassonia. The infrageneric name Polygonum subg. Dioctus is recommended for rejection. The following seventeen species names are recommended for conservation: Bambusa vulgaris with a conserved type, Bignonia magnifica with a conserved type, Dendrobium officinale against D. stricklandianum, D. tosaense and D. pere-fauriei, Erythrina falcata against E. martii, Filago arvensis with a conserved type and against F. montana, Ligustrum sempervirens (Franch.) Lingelsh. against L. sempervirens Lindl., Lycopsis pulla with a conserved type, Momordica lanata with a conserved type and against Citrullus battich, Omphalodes verna against Cynoglossum omphaloides, Orchis italica with a conserved type, Pentaptera arjuna against Terminalia elliptica and T. cuneata, Persicaria maculosa against P. vernum, Senecio doria with a conserved type, Senecio macrophyllus against S. orientalis, Serapias helleborine with a conserved type, Ulmus laciniata Mayr ex Schwapp. against U. laciniata Göpp., and Viola blanda Willd. against V. blanda Salisb. The following nine species names are not recommended for conservation: Anodendron paniculatum against Echites parviflorus and E. manubriatus, Carex laticeps against C. sampsonii, Cliffortia filicaulis with a conserved type, Crataegus laciniata with a conserved type, Micromeria hyssopifolia against Thymus ericifolius, Micromeria varia with a conserved type, Onychium contiguum with a conserved type, Terminalia coriacea (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. against T. coriacea Spreng., and Viburnum betulifolium Batalin against V. betulifolium Ward. The following nine species names are recommended for rejection: Areca glandiformis, Arnica coronopifolia, Bauhinia ruficarpa, Cereus panoploeatus, Dolichos altissimus, Hylococcus sericeus, Panicum polygamum, Plantago recurvata, and Rhytidea bicolor. The species name Euphorbia illirica is not recommended for rejection. It is recommended that two publications of Wallich's List of Indian Woods and two publications of selections from that list, any quarto or folio version of Forster & Forster's Characteres Generum Plantarum dated 1775, and any folio version of that work dated 1776, be added to the "Opera utique oppressa". It is recommended that Bertia and Bertya, Codia and Coddia, Ficus chapaensis and F. chaparensis, Ficus jacobii and F. jacobsii, Hopea and Hopia, Hoppea and Hopea, Otidea and Otidia, Rubus chingii and R. chingianus, Rubus tsangiorum and R. tsangii, and Sacoglottis and Sarcoglottis be treated as not being homonyms.
Based on recent molecular evidence, one new species and one new subspecies of Micromeria are described for the Canary Islands: M. pedro-luisii and M. hierrensis subsp. incana. Six new combinations are proposed: M. canariensis, M. canariensis subsp. meridialis, M. gomerensis, M. rupestris, M. herpyllomorpha subsp. palmensis, and M. hierrensis. Three new hybrids are described for La Gomera: M. lepida subsp. bolleana × M. gomerensis, M. lepida subsp. bolleana × M. pedro-luisii, and M. lepida subsp. lepida × M. pedro-luisii. A new name is also given to the taxon from Madeira: M. maderensis. A revised key to the species present in the Canary archipelago is provided.
Here we reconstruct the evolutionary history of Micromeria in the Canary Islands using eight nuclear markers. Our results show two centers of diversification for Micromeria, one in the eastern islands Gran Canaria and Lanzarote, the other in the western islands, Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro. Suggested directions of inter-island colonization are the following: Gran Canaria to Lanzarote and La Gomera; Tenerife to La Palma (from the paleoisland of Teno), to El Hierro (from the younger, central part), and to La Gomera and Madeira (from the paleoislands). Colonization of La Gomera probably occurred several times from Gran Canaria and Tenerife. The taxonomic implications of these results are discussed. Incongruence among the different markers was evaluated and, using next generation sequencing, we investigated if this incongruence is due to gene duplication.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
AimUsing phylogenetic and morphometric approaches, our study aims to understand the diversification process of the two groups of Micromeria species in Tenerife: the species restricted to the palaeoislands, and the species widely distributed in the younger part of the island.LocationTenerife, Canary Islands.Methods
We calculated a calibrated phylogeny and a Neighbor-Net network based on eight nuclear loci from 37 samples: 22 of the 8 species currently recognized in Tenerife, and 15 of their closest relatives occurring in neighbouring islands and continental populations. We performed a principal components analysis (PCA) of 27 morphological characters from 54 specimens sampled from Tenerife.ResultsOur phylogeny showed that the species from Tenerife can be subdivided into three main clades: one composed of the species inhabiting the palaeoisland of Anaga (M. teneriffae, M. glomerata and M. rivas-martinezii); another composed of the species present in the palaeoisland of Teno (M. densiflora); and a third group that includes all the central species (M. hyssopifolia, M. varia, M. lachnophylla and M. lasiophylla). Morphometric analyses indicated two main groups corresponding to the palaeoisland species and the central ones.Main conclusionsOur study points to a relationship between the diversification in Micromeria and the geological history of Tenerife. We conclude that Micromeria first arrived in Anaga where it diversified, subsequently colonized Teno and from there occupied the central part, presumably after the formation of the Teide volcano. The species of Micromeria in Tenerife constitute an interesting example of how species diversification on oceanic islands can be shaped by the island's geological history, which probably contributed to the high levels of endemism on Tenerife.
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