... Given also parental role, ELBW ♀ showed higher PND levels at T1 and a higher decrease of symptoms over time than VLBW and FT ♂♀ Findings suggest that premature birth in relation to its severity may lead to different affective reactions in ♂♀; particularly ♀ in case of more serious preterm condition, are at higher risk for PND in the first trimester, however showing improvement over time. Interventions should be promoted, andtailored, according to the risk connected to severity of prematurity The number of studies dealing with the prevalence of depression in fathers, independently from whether they were comparing men and women, was 108 [9,15,16,[18][19][20][22][23][24]28,30,34,36,38,40,[42][43][44][45][46]48,51,53,55,[57][58][59][60][61][62]65,66,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74]76,77,79,80,82,84,[86][87][88][89]93,94,97,100,102,104,105,108,109,112,115,119,120,126,127,[129][130][131]133,135,[138][139][140]142,144,[146][147][148]152,[154][155][156][157]159,165,[168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][179][180][181]186,188,[190][191][192][193]195,200,202,210,211]. These studies involved 49,239 male participants, either new fathers or expecting fathers. ...