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Optimal Clustering in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks: Acoustic, EM and FSO Communication Compliant Technique

DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2723506
Authors:
Sadanand Yadav
Sadanand Yadav
Sadanand Yadav
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Vinay Kumar at Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology
Vinay Kumar
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Abstract

With a wide scope for exploration and research, underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) is a fast growing research area in current scenario. UWSNs need energy efficient designing approach because underwater sensor nodes are battery driven. Also the deployed batteries can not be easily recharged by non-conventional energy resources like solar energies. Clustering is an effective technique to design an energy efficient UWSNs. Due to the sparse deployment of nodes and dynamic nature of the channel, the clustering characteristics of UWSNs are different from those of terrestrial wireless sensor networks (TWSNs). In this paper, we focused on optimal clustering for UWSNs which are compliant with any one of the acoustic, free space optical (FSO) and electromagnetic (EM) wave based communication techniques. Besides, we proposed an energy dissipation model of sensor node for FSO and EM wave based communication and compared with contemporary energy dissipation model for acoustic based communication. In particular, the suitability of the above three techniques for underwater communication is investigated and their performance is compared on the basis of energy consumption and optimal clustering.
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... A critical aspect of the proposed approach is represented by the need to perform advanced signal processing at the sensors, which entails significant energy consumption and makes the feature extraction mechanism essential to reduce energy consumption. Furthermore, the energy-aware design of systems solving complex problems requires efficient management of energy consumption without losing performance, which is carried out at a design level by solving the optimization problems involving energy consumption as a metric [12,[14][15][16][17][18]. In the UWSN, the transmission process consumes more energy compared with sensing or computation processes. ...
... Therefore, it is essential to use low-complexity algorithms that can accurately classify the objects using fewer instructions. The UWASN energy model is based on the dissipation of the acoustic energy used in [14] to produce it. The compression and dilation of a medium result in the generation of acoustic waves when a mechanical disturbance occurs. ...
... The clustered protocol proposed in this work is based on the protocol presented in [14]. The network includes multiple sensors that use a transmission medium to perform distributed sensing. ...
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