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A psychoacoustic based approach to pavement classification
... The influence of noise sources other than tyre/road is eliminated at most driving speeds. Also, this measurement method has been shown to be suitable for annoyance studies [37]. Moreover, since the source of tyre/road noise is in close proximity to the tyre/road interface, a substantial part of the propagation effect by acoustically absorptive surfaces is included in the microphone signal. ...
Noise sources, either singly or in combination, generally exhibit complex structures and usually radiate high‐level sounds. They are widely spread not only in urban settlements but also in rural areas. Environmental noise sources are generally composite sources radiating sounds from different parts of their structures through subsequent or irregular processes. This chapter provides a review of the noise sources in categories, that contribute to the environmental noise pollution with respect to their importance in noise impact and management. The manufactoral and operational characteristics of the sources and the factors which are effective in their acoustic energy radiations are summarized. The chapter also lists out the factors affecting noise from road traffic, aircraft and airports, waterway transportation, and railway emission noise levels. Noise from wind farms, construction activities, entertainment premises and recreational activities, such as shooting, are also discussed.
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