Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications In Education
Abstract
Rev.& expanded from Case study research in education,1988.Incl.bibliographical references,index
... The methodological approach adopted in this research is qualitative in nature (Merriam, 1998;Godoy, 2006). Regarding its purpose, it is characterized as explanatory and applied. ...
... Regarding the means, the research strategy consists of a case study, allowing a detailed and in-depth analysis of the smart city phenomenon in Recife, providing insights into its context and complexity (Merriam, 1998;Godoy, 2006). ...
... Data collection utilized two investigative methods: semi-structured interviews and documentary research (Bauer & Aarts, 2002). The semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain direct statements from participants (Merriam, 1998;Flick, 2009). Interviewees were selected intentionally to include individuals occupying strategic positions directly involved in strengthening the smart cities perspective. ...
Objective:This manuscript aims to propose a smart city development model based on the mapping of mechanisms that catalyze intelligent actions in Brazilian municipalities.
Theoretical Framework:Closely tied to transformations in urban experiences lived by citizens (Paula et al., 2024), smart cities emerge within a context shaped by two major trends: new patterns of urban space and digital transformation (Cunha et al., 2016).
Method:The methodological approach is qualitative in nature. Regarding its purpose, the study is characterized as explanatory and applied. As for the means, a case study strategy was employed. Data collection involved two investigative methods: semi-structured interviews anddocumentary research. The collected material was analyzed through thematic categorical analysis, aiming to uncover underlying meanings.
Results and Discussion:A set of necessary premises and elements that enable existing smart practices in Brazilian cities was identified. These findings supported the representation of a structured framework in which the elements were logically grouped into five phases: orientation, structuring, enablement, utilization, and evaluation.
Research Implications:Modeling a framework for smart city development enables a structured, efficient, and sustainable approach to urban transformation, maximizing the use of available resources, actors, and technologies to optimize urban management.
Originality/Value:The originality of this research lies in the proposal of a logical framework for smart city development, integrating empirical and theoretical data. It offers an innovative approach to guiding urban actions that are sustainable, human-centered, connected, and technologically efficient.
... The interest in understanding what goes on in human interaction contributes to what makes a study qualitative (Marshall & Rossman, 2011). A case study is an open-ended exploratory design in research that uses single or multiple cases to find meaning within a specific context (Hammersley, 2014;Merriam, 1998). The case in this study is faith development in elementary students. ...
... Purposive sampling was used in this study. It is a sampling method that ensures that the participants chosen are those that will give the needed information for the study (Merriam, 1998). This sampling method facilitated choosing children who are involved in the faith enhancing activities that are provided in the institution. ...
... Data analysis was done using the three steps in Taba inductive method to analyze the content. The three steps-concept formation, interpretation, application-were combined with the content analysis to make sense of the data (Siddiqul, 2013;Merriam (1998). Thus the data w read several times to generate codes through repeated patterns. ...
The elementary age is fundamental to a person’s faith development. After a careful search, however, few studies were found on faith development of elementary students in the Adventist church. Previous studies on faith or spiritual development in an Adventist setting focused more on adolescents and young adults in high schools and colleges (Arego, Role, & Makewa, 2014; Christie & Christian, 2012; Schulze, 2012), thus prompting the need to have a study on elementary students within the Adventist setting. This qualitative case study used Fowler’s faith development theory to explore the faith development experiences of elementary students whose parents study in Asian Adventist University (AAU). Individual interviews and focus group interviews were used to collect data. The data was analyzed using Taba’s inductive method. Findings showed that family background, environment, and participation were key influences in faith development of elementary students. It is recommended that faith-based instruction for children should be participatory. Adults should involve themselves with children to model faith to them.
... Collectively, the PASS Project explored how students experienced and were affected by the financial and programmatic elements of TSLC. The qualitative strand of the PASS Project utilized constructivist case study methodology (Jones et al., 2022;Merriam, 1998) to cultivate a deep understanding of TSLC and how participants experienced the program. A constructivist approach was well-suited for our inquiry given our desire to understand how participants experienced and made meaning of their engagement in TSLC, while case study methodology was advantageous for developing rich, multifaceted understanding of programmatic contexts (Jones et al., 2022;Merriam, 1998). ...
... The qualitative strand of the PASS Project utilized constructivist case study methodology (Jones et al., 2022;Merriam, 1998) to cultivate a deep understanding of TSLC and how participants experienced the program. A constructivist approach was well-suited for our inquiry given our desire to understand how participants experienced and made meaning of their engagement in TSLC, while case study methodology was advantageous for developing rich, multifaceted understanding of programmatic contexts (Jones et al., 2022;Merriam, 1998). In other words, by using a constructive case study approach, we were able to develop a holistic understanding of TSLC and its effects on participants by drawing upon multiple data sources (e.g., interviews, observations, documents) that offered various perspectives of the program. ...
... Given the strong emphasis on career development at UNO, focusing on this particular campus has the potential to provide rich information about low-income students' experiences with and learning from career-focused programs. In other words, the UNO TSLC is a distinctive or particularistic case (Merriam, 1998) since the other TSLC programs do not host as highly concentrated career development events. As such, UNO TSLC was best suited toward examining our questions of interest. ...
This constructivist case study examined how low-income students characterized their experiences with career development opportunities provided by a comprehensive college transition program designed to support their success. Overall, participants described career programming as advantageous since they honed skills (e.g., resume writing, interviewing) and learned unspoken rules (e.g., business etiquette) that would help them secure employment. They also benefited from practicing their interviewing and networking skills within a supportive environment. Although career programming was characterized as beneficial, some participants found narrow definitions of professionalism to be uncomfortable and a focus on business/industry to be limiting since they were distanced from their identities and interests. Furthermore, the programming was not value-added for some participants given their prior work and college preparation experiences. Our findings highlight the tensions of providing large-scale career development programming for low-income students with a range of other salient identities, interests, and employment experiences.
... The study used a grounded theory design (Glaser & Strauss, 1967;Lincoln & Guba, 1985) to generate a useful and relevant theory that makes sense of experiences, needs, and expectations of the participants. It was found appropriate because it focuses on human interactions, routine situations, and participants' opinions (Maykut & Morehouse, 2005), and is quite related to topics that have been relatively neglected in the literature or have been only superficially explored (Merriam, 1998). ...
... The study used purposive and theoretical sampling techniques. First, purposeful procedures were applied to select those most capable to indicate who could fit the pre-established criteria (student leader) and offer an average opinion of the population of interest (Merriam, 1998). Second, as a distinctive characteristic of studies grounded in data, theoretical sampling was conducted in order to search for participants who could show expertise about a topic and add something innovative to the inquiry (Birks & Mills, 2010). ...
There is a great expectation that schools may contribute in building good and responsible leaders. School leaders must include student participation in school reforms and actions for sustainable improvement by allowing them to play leadership roles. Despite this, the promotion of leadership at the elementary level has been infrequent in most school systems and the principal’s potential in supporting student leadership development at the elementary level has not been deeply investigated. This grounded theory study was conducted in a Christian elementary school in the Philippines to examine the perspective of 12 student leaders and 5 teachers on the principal’s role in the leadership development of students. The results suggest that the principal as an educator, a model, a supporter, and a guardian of the school values, encourages in students a positive image of leadership and their own leadership capacity.
... This is an exploratory, descriptive case study (Merriam, 2001). The bounded case was a group of international and domestic STEM graduate students who were involved with a grant-funded program whose broader impacts were aimed at stimulating U.S. high school students' interest in biodegradable, flexible electronics and related career pathways. ...
... She has experienced the unfamiliarity of a different culture and language and navigated additional challenges in these roles. This insider status (Merriam, 2001) lent insight into understanding the pedagogical decisions and some of the experiences described by the participants. Several strategies were employed to mitigate potential biases, such as constantly and critically examining the interpretations of the data, peer debriefing with coauthors, and acknowledging that having similar history and experiences as the participants does not mean they are the same as the researcher's. ...
Introduction
STEM graduates are important to U.S. research development and innovation, adding diverse perspectives and talents to communities and the academy, and enhancing the financial stability of universities. Graduate STEM students’ work on funded research occasionally engages them in outreach opportunities with K-12 schools and students. Yet, few graduate students participate in professional development that prepares them for these roles.
Methods
This exploratory, descriptive case study chronicles the experiences of eight graduate STEM students (six international and two domestic) who visited high school classrooms, via Zoom, as part of a federally funded sustainability project. This study investigated the factors graduate STEM students considered most important when planning and implementing their Zoom outreach visits, what they perceived as the supports, benefits, and challenges, and in what ways their Zoom visits and reflections correspond to the Motivational Theory of Role Modeling.
Results
The findings demonstrate graduate students’ focus on engaging students, the relevance of science to society, and job opportunities in STEM fields. Graduate students perceived challenges associated with making the complex academic language and research understandable to high school students and felt supported by university team members and high school teachers.
Discussion
Implications for role models and professional development for graduate STEM students are discussed, along with novel contributions to the theoretical framework.
... A case study approach was explicitly chosen to understand middle school students' perspectives on optimization problems, often regarded as mathematical modeling challenges. The case study method is particularly effective in examining complex phenomena (Merriam, 1998;Yin, 2009). By employing this approach, the study aimed to capture the students' experiences and viewpoints on optimization problems in a detailed and contextually grounded manner. ...
... Validity was ensured through peer debriefing, where other researchers reviewed the coding process to confirm that the themes accurately represented the students' experiences. Reliability was maintained through intercoder reliability, where two researchers coded the data independently and then compared the results for consistency (Merriam, 1998). The data analysis process followed a straightforward, step-by-step procedure. ...
This study investigates middle school students' perspectives on optimization problems in mathematics, focusing on their problem-solving processes and learning experiences. Optimization involves finding the best solution under specific constraints or maximizing/minimizing an objective function, a concept closely related to mathematical modeling. This process is designed to develop essential skills, such as logical reasoning, prediction, argumentation, and critical thinking, by framing real-world situations as mathematical challenges. Although existing research on students' problem-solving with optimization problems primarily involves high school or university students, recent studies emphasize the necessity of introducing optimization concepts earlier in education. This study administered four optimization problems to 16 middle school students to explore their experiences and opinions. Data were collected through observations, feedback forms, and individual interviews and analyzed using descriptive and content analysis methods. The findings reveal that students limited prior exposure to optimization problems significantly contributes to their challenges. While students generally understand the optimization problems, their performance varies notably, especially in assumption-making and mathematical calculations. The study underscores the need for systematically integrating optimization problems into the middle school curriculum to enhance students' problem-solving skills and critical thinking. It suggests incorporating mathematical modeling with optimization tasks could improve students' abstraction and problem-solving abilities. Future research could investigate the effects of optimization problems on students' problem-solving skills and mathematical understanding. ÖZ Bu çalışma, ortaokul öğrencilerinin matematikteki optimizasyon problemlerine yönelik görüşlerini ve çözüm süreçlerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Optimizasyon, belirli kısıtlamalar altında en iyi çözümü bulmayı veya bir amaç fonksiyonunu maksimize/minimize etmeyi içeren bir süreç olup, matematiksel modelleme ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu süreç, öğrencilere mantıksal akıl yürütme, tahmin etme, muhakeme yapma ve eleştirel düşünme gibi temel becerileri kazandırır. Optimizasyon problemleri, gerçek dünya durumlarını matematiksel modelleme problemleri olarak ele alır ve bu bağlamda önemli bir eğitimsel değer taşır. Mevcut literatürde optimizasyon problemleri genellikle lise veya üniversite seviyesinde incelenmiş olup, ortaöğretim düzeylerinde bu kavramların daha detaylı öğretilmesi gerektiği önerilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmada dört optimizasyon problemi 16 ortaokul öğrencisine uygulanmış ve öğrencilerin bu problemleri çözme süreçleri ile görüşleri derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Veriler, gözlemler, geri bildirim formları ve birebir görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmış ve betimsel ile içerik analizi yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, öğrencilerin optimizasyon problemlerine yönelik sınırlı ön bilgiye sahip olmalarının, çözüm süreçlerinde karşılaştıkları zorlukları önemli ölçüde artırdığını göstermektedir. Öğrenciler, optimizasyon problemlerini genel olarak anlamalarına rağmen, performansları özellikle varsayım yapma ve matematiksel hesaplamalar aşamalarında değişkenlik göstermektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, optimizasyon problemlerinin ortaokul müfredatına sistematik bir şekilde entegre edilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Matematiksel modelleme ile optimizasyon problemlerinin entegrasyonunun, öğrencilerin soyutlama becerilerini ve problem çözme yeteneklerini artırabileceği öngörülmektedir. Gelecekteki araştırmalar, optimizasyon problemlerinin öğrencilerin problem çözme becerileri ve matematiksel anlayışları üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyebilir.
... The observations focused on aspects such as the dynamics of the class, the participation of the students, and the pedagogical strategies adopted by the teachers. This observation methodology is based on the work of Merriam (1998) and Bogdan and Biklen (1994). The use of multiple data collection tools is emphasised in research to ensure the capturing of comprehensive data and the credibility of research findings. ...
The inadequate access to technologies in schools in African countries including Mozambique limits teachers from successfully implementing STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) learning. To respond to this situation, the present study explores strategies for empowering Mozambican educators, to use accessible technologies to implement STEAM learning in mathematics-related subjects successfully. The study adopted qualitative research methods and the principles of Participatory Action Research. The study involved 22 teachers representing four diverse institutions in Maputo. Data were collected through Semi-structured interviews, observation and reflective journals. The findings reveal the usefulness of various strategies that support teachers in addressing challenges related to technological resources and STEAM education-related pedagogy. The study calls for a comprehensive framework to sustain teacher-training strategies by improving infrastructure to accommodate accessible technologies such as smartphones and GeoGebra.
... It is within this stage that the Gonski Review's recommendations were not only enacted but also reshaped through political negotiation and stakeholder influence. To explore these dynamics in depth, I adopt a case study approach, as defined by Merriam (1998), that is bounded by both time and context, focusing on the period from May 2017-when the Turnbull government announced its intention to amend the Australian Education Act (2013) in response to the Review of Funding for Schoolingthrough to September 2018 when the Coalition announced a $4.6 billion funding deal for non-government schools. This period marks a distinct phase of the Gonski Review's Context of Practice-and a seemingly under-researched area in the Australian education literature more broadly. ...
School funding is widely acknowledged in policy and research as both a means of supporting student learning and a key strategy for promoting educational equity. This article analyses how key stakeholders responded to the events surrounding the 2017 school funding reforms put forward by the Coalition federal government and passed by the Australian parliament. Drawing on Bowe et al.’s (2017) theorisation of the Context of Practice phase of policymaking, the analysis positions the reform period as a critical stage in the broader policymaking cycle of the Review of Funding for Schooling (2011). The analysis highlights the political tensions, lobbying techniques, and strategic manoeuvring that played a role in shaping the outcomes of this key phase. At the same time, the work raises broader questions about the extent to which either of the two major political parties can be relied upon to consistently represent and advocate for the interests of students in under-resourced schools. Looking ahead and drawing on Ball’s (1994) Context of Political Strategy, three insights—targeted political engagement and strategic messaging; exerting political pressure on multiple fronts; and fluid political allegiances and coalition building—are presented to begin to further support equity-minded stakeholders to more effectively influence school funding policy in the future for students and schools who require extra support.
... In selecting AEFABAM for the case study, in addition to direct observation, semistructured interviews with key informants were used. The selection of informants was based on convenience ( Merriam, 1998 ), with subjects considered to be of great relevance to the development of the Organization being selected. ...
Objective: This study aims to analyze the contribution of an Agricultural Family School Association, which practices the Pedagogy of Alternation, to the development of collective competences in its environment and social innovations in its territory. Theoretical Framework: The study was based on research on the themes of social innovation, collective skills and pedagogy of alternation. It is worth highlighting the contribution of authors such as Lévesque (2006), Mulgan (2007), Rodrigues (2007), Monteiro (2019), Bignetti (2011) and Sandri et al. (2020) for the theme of social innovation; Tello-Gamarra and Verschoore (2015), Silva and Ruas (2016), Macke and Crespi (2016) and Silva et al. (2021) for collective skills; and, Teixeira et al. (2008), Jesus (2011) and Nosella (2020) for the theme of pedagogy of alternation. Method: In order to understand the practices of this institution located in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, data were obtained through direct observation and semi-structured interviews with key informants. Results and Discussion: It was observed that the organizational model of the Association was considered socially innovative. In addition, the pedagogy used differs from the traditional ones practiced by local schools. Given the complexity of managing the Association, the team was required to develop competences that would enable it to overcome the various challenges it faced. Thus, collective competences such as team proactivity, cooperation and shared knowledge were fundamental to the development of socially innovative actions. On the other hand, the interactions resulting from these practices became detrimental to the development or improvement of collective competences. Research Implications: The results of the study reinforce what has already been observed by some researchers in the area by highlighting the role of partnership relationships in the development of social innovations, with emphasis on the State, and of interactions and communication for the development of collective competences. In addition, comments on the interpretation of these constructions in a context not yet explored, emphasizing EFAs as fruitful spaces for experimenting with practices with social impacts. Thus, another success case is presented that can serve as a reference for other contexts, demonstrating that an organized civil society, with support from the public authorities, can make educational and socially innovative experiences viable, meeting the demands of rural areas in a contextualized manner. Originality/Value: Although studies seeking to understand the process of developing collective competences and social innovations in the field of Nonprofit Organizations (CSOs) have intensified, no studies were identified that analyzed the aforementioned constructs within the scope of Agricultural Family Schools (EFAs), which is a fruitful field for practices with relevant social impacts, especially for families living in rural areas.
... Although the gender and age range of participants were not recruitment criteria, it is likely that using Instagram for sample recruitment prompted responses from younger women, as they are the ones who are more involved in fashion in Iran and are more likely to be Instagram users (Yaqub 2024), as global Instagram usage is most prevalent among individuals aged 18 to 34 (Zote 2024). Interviews were conducted until saturation was achieved (Merriam 1998). The interviews were semi-structured and prompted participants to talk about their experiences with fashion/apparel consumption during the past five years, which captures their experiences before and during the country's rise in inflation and devaluation of its currency. ...
As the economies of countries across the world seek to rebound from the disruptions of the COVID‐19 pandemic, many consumers are facing unprecedented levels of inflation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which rising inflation and declining purchasing power, coupled with increases in the cost of goods, lead to sustainable consumption behavior, specifically regarding apparel. Using a qualitative approach, in‐depth interviews were conducted with Iranian female consumers who self‐identified as having a high level of involvement with and interest in apparel products. Positioning inflation as an economic threat, findings indicate that participants formed new consumption habits that allowed them to adapt to the threat, including focusing on caring for already owned products and buying the domestic apparel brands increasingly offered within the market. However, at the same time, participants sought to maintain a focus on their appearance, despite higher costs, in order to adhere to social expectations and cultural norms, thereby providing them further motivation to adapt to the threat. Further research on the role of inflation in shaping sustainable consumption behaviors is needed, as it would provide greater insight into the ways consumers and markets adapt to economic uncertainty.
... This method was chosen for its ability to provide an in-depth understanding of complex phenomena and rich, detailed insights into participants' experiences and perspectives (Gupta et al., 2020). Guided from an inductive approach, a case study method was used as a strategy of inquiry in which multiple cases were considered to reflect diverse viewpoints, selected for their ability to offer contextual understanding (Yin, 2018), gather multiple perspectives (Stake, 1995), and provide flexibility in data collection methods (Merriam, 1998). The detailed examination facilitated theory development (Eisenhardt, 1989) and in generation of practical implications (Flyvbjerg, 2006). ...
... Observations will be conducted at syaria financial institutions to understand the practices and information conveyed to the community. Data obtained from these techniques will provide comprehensive information on the community's understanding and experience of halal investment (Merriam, 1998;Braun & Clarke, 2013). ...
This study investigates the conceptualization of halal investment among urban communities using a qualitative methodology. Even though most participants know that halal investments must adhere to syariah principles, the study discovered that they frequently rely solely on the syaria label without further investigating the structure and mechanisms of the investment product. Discovered through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and observations. The primary challenges are insufficient education and a lack of more comprehensive and detailed information regarding halal investment products. Research participants indicated extensive training and seminars necessary to comprehend the selection of syaria-compliant investment products. Based on these findings, it is clear that syaria financial institutions are responsible for enhancing information transparency and strengthening education programs to assist the general public in making investment decisions that are truly by syaria principles
... In the analysis, we identified what participation meant to each interviewee and their different points of view on the experience. (Merriam 1998;Krippendorff 2004). ...
Big Seaweed Search Mexico (BSS-Mx), a citizen science study, was implemented to address challenges associated with massive strandings of Sargassum in the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, which is one of the complex socio-environmental issues affecting coastal ecosystems in the region. Adapted from the original Big Seaweed Search UK (BSS-UK), where people search for a set of macroalgae related to climate change, BSS-Mx invited young people aged mainly 12–19 years old from two Yucatan coastal communities to evaluate the abundance and species composition of the strandings in collaboration with scientific researchers. We present a critical consideration of the learning framework that was designed to enable participants to achieve the expected learning outcomes, taking into account that BSS-Mx participants had limited technological access and some educational disadvantages. This paper does not report measured learning outcomes but rather reflections from facilitators on the learning observed or self-reported in the CS process conducted. We provide recommendations on how to i) generate environmental and scientific learning and skills through citizen science and ii) motivate and maintain engagement and participation. The results suggest that to encourage learning through citizen science, it is necessary to i) undertake continuous formal and informal training, ii) connect specific topics with real socio-environmental problems in a local context, iii) undertake practical scientific activities, iv) reinforce scientific skills through monitoring activities, v) incorporate game-based teaching strategies, and vi) not fully depend on technology to participate. Internal and external motivators were important to foster and sustain engagement and participation.
... Fuente: Adaptado de Cordero, et al. (2022a) El uso del conocimiento matemático propio de una comunidad específica en una situación determinada define casos particulares, por lo que la investigación de estudios de caso resulta apropiada para abordar este fenómeno. Un estudio de caso implica una investigación detallada, a menudo con datos empíricos recopilados, que se centra en un caso bien definido para analizar el contexto y los procesos involucrados en el fenómeno (Merriam, 1998). Este tipo de investigaciones se caracteriza por ser un "proceso lineal, pero iterativo", compuesto por etapas como la planificación, diseño, preparación, recopilación, análisis y, finalmente, compartición de los resultados. ...
Diferentes investigaciones resaltan la desconexión que existe entre los cursos de matemáticas y los usos de las matemáticas en los cursos de especialización en la ingeniería y en sus lugares de trabajo, una problemática que afecta en la formación de ingenieros. Se requiere, por tanto, investigar el conocimiento matemático en estos dominios. La categoría de modelación matemática, dentro de la Teoría Socioepistemológica de la Matemática Educativa, ofrece un marco de referencia que coloca en un plano horizontal y recíproco a la matemática escolar y a las matemáticas de las realidades, promoviendo un entorno de usos y significados para los objetos matemáticos. Este capítulo revisa investigaciones que han estudiado el uso de conocimiento matemático en las ingenierías desde el programa socioepistemológico Sujeto Olvidado y Transversalidad de Saberes (Soltsa), detallando el enfoque teórico-metodológico para conformar una epistemología de usos y significados de las matemáticas, partiendo de problematizar situaciones de las ingenierías. Se revelan los usos y significados mediante inmersión es etnográficas que analizan la puesta en uso del conocimiento matemático y caracterizan la comunidad de conocimiento matemático.
... The quantitative analysis was conducted using SPSS 28. To further explain the students' perceptions towards the ILE, we conducted content analysis (Merriam, 1998;Miles & Huberman, 1994) through an open coding system for the answers to the open-ended questions. The main themes and subthemes were generated to organize these codes. ...
This study examines how international students from different cultural groups perceive their International Learning Environments (ILE) in three institutions located in the Netherlands, Türkiye, and Malaysia. Data were collected from 292 international students pursuing bachelor's and master's degrees using the standardized MILES survey, with 31.8% of responses from the Netherlands, 34.9% from Türkiye, and 33.2% from Malaysia. We used the Kruskal-Wallis Test and ANOVA for quantitative data analysis, and content analysis for the qualitative data. Results indicate that, across the three universities, international students scored highest in the goal direction domain and lowest in the relationships domain. No significant differences in goal direction or relationship domains among the three institutions or by cultural groups, but variations were found in supporting services. The main differences lie in the English proficiency of support staff. The study contributes to developing support services to enhance the ILE.
... Case study research usually involves all three strategies interviewing, observing, and analyzing cases. On-site investigation of the case entails observing activities, talking informally and formally with people, and examining documents and materials that are part of the context (Merriam, 2001). In this research work, a combination of field notes, video and digital photography was used to record observations, unstructured interviews and the physical environment. ...
Psychologically, various emotions or responses can be evoked by certain colors and textures, the same in architecture. A baby's visual development can be significantly influenced by color and texture. It may also affect the child's emotional development, linguistic abilities and intellectual capabilities as they grow. This study examined the connection between global health and well-being and the interior design of childcare facilities, using the ABUAD multisystem childcare facilities and Telnet International School's childcare facilities as case studies. Census was employed to obtain the staff and parents' population at the care centers with a total number of 39 while the children at both care centers was 33. The study which employed a mixed-method approach relied on primary data (questionnaire) and unstructured interviews, alongside keen observation, amongst others. Staff and Parents were interviewed to gather data on the overall satisfaction and perceived impact of the interior design on the well-being of the children and staff. The findings suggest that incorporating vibrant and stimulating colors combined with soft textures in childcare facilities can positively impact a child's overall development, fostering creativity, cognitive skills, and emotional well-being. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of considering the psychological effects of color and texture in architectural design to create nurturing environments for children. Therefore, designers are advised to evaluate the safety and functionality of day-care centers, ensuring that it is easy to navigate and provide ample opportunities for exploration and play.
... Na medida em que foram feitas as entrevistas, percebeu-se que os entrevistados tinham em comum o tempo de atividade na indústria moveleira; quase a totalidade já está atuando no mercado (formal e informal) há pelo menos 10 (dez) anos. Optou-se por identificar os entrevistados por letras quando da transcrição de trechos das entrevistas nas próximas seções.A observação direta participante também foi escolhida como método de coleta de dados por trazer um contato em firsthand com o fenômeno estudado e por proporcionar entendimento de aspectos que dificilmente seriam captados somente por meio de entrevistas ou documentos(MERRIAM, 1998; VERGARA, 2008). Foram realizadas visitas ao galpão-condomínio onde estão acomodados alguns moveleiros e às indústrias, às lojas dos entrevistados e a II DECOR -Mostra de Móveis do Agreste (24 a 27 de setembro de 2009). ...
O presente artigo buscou analisar como os participantes do arranjo produtivo local (APL) de móveis de Arapiraca utilizam o composto de marketing. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo com amostra selecionada de forma intencional, não probabilística e típica. As técnicas de coleta de dados adotadas foram entrevista individual semi-estruturada, observação direta participante e análise documental. A pesquisa revelou que os participantes do APL preocupam-se em oferecer produtos com qualidade e com design que atendam as necessidades dos clientes. Quanto ao preço, para os participantes do APL há uma associação direta entre essa variável e a qualidade do produto oferecido ao cliente. A adoção de canais de distribuição curtos mostrou-se crucial para a manutenção e sobrevivência do negócio. Quanto à estratégia de comunicação, os participantes utilizam catálogos elaborados pelos próprios com os modelos dos produtos, bem como divulgação “boca a boca” (considerada pelos mesmos o meio mais eficiente).
... This study used a qualitative exploratory design (Maxwell, 2005) to examine how principal preparation program faculty perceive the role of their pedagogical practices in supporting aspiring principals' development of critical consciousness. Qualitative research designs are particularly valuable when seeking to provide an in-depth and multi-faceted understanding of a complex issue or phenomenon (Merriam, 1998). This study is grounded in social constructivism-a view that recognizes that "reality is constructed by individuals interacting with their social world" (Merriam, 1998, p. 6), and specifically, how preparation program faculty make sense of their role in developing aspiring leaders' critical consciousness. ...
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to understand how principal preparation program faculty perceive the role of their pedagogical practices in developing aspiring principals’ critical consciousness.
Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative exploratory study used data from semi-structured interviews and preparation program documents collected from 14 purposively sampled faculty members and program coordinators across 11 institutions.
Findings
Through a comparative analysis of the inductively and deductively coded data, this study reports three major findings that represent how faculty perceive the role of their equity-oriented pedagogies: developing trust, facilitating critical awareness and engaging in equity-oriented leadership. Our analysis also reveals an interconnected and sequential relationship among the three perceived faculty responsibilities.
Practical implications
This study offers practical examples of pedagogical strategies used across multiple preparation programs and could be of interest to faculty and program coordinators seeking to prepare aspiring principals for equity-oriented leadership.
Originality/value
The findings respond to calls from scholars for additional attention to the practices of principal preparation programs geared towards preparing aspiring principals for equity-oriented leadership, particularly by offering an overview of the various pedagogies across diverse preparation programs and faculty.
... Within this purpose, the mentors' perceptions about the mentoring process were examined. A qualitative approach (Merriam, 1998) was used to answer the research questions because it allowed researchers to identify common patterns of the technology mentoring process based on the future ICT coordinators' experiences. Specifically, a case study design within qualitative approach (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007;Yin, 2003) was embraced to detail the perceptions of the mentors as each mentor experienced their own ways of the mentoring process. ...
With the increasing demands of technology integration by the institutions, educators felt the need to develop themselves professionally. In this study, as a way of professional development, we focused on one-on-one technology mentoring for in-service teachers because the experiences of mentors would shed light on professional development programs in the context of both mentors' progress and mentoring in-service teachers. Mentors for teachers were assigned to facilitate teachers' ICT usage and ICT integration skills. The mentorship implementation lasted two semesters with 42 mentors' participation. The determination of the content of the mentoring process was completely based on the needs and interests of the teachers. After the implementation, the perceptions and experiences of the mentors were asked and coded through content analysis. According to the analysis, the responses of the mentors were grouped into five main categories; (a) affordances of the technology mentoring process, (b) the contribution of the project to the teachers, (c) the contribution of the project to the mentors, (d) the challenges experienced by the mentors, and (e) the weaknesses of and the suggestions for the mentoring process. The findings of this study indicated that future ICT coordinators believed that one-on-one technology mentoring in real school settings is an effective way not only for training in-service teachers but also for creating awareness of being an ICT coordinator and developing ICT mentoring skills.
... Since we needed to understand both the stories students shared and how they engaged with one another during the activity of storytelling, our analysis relies on the qualitative methods Merriam (1998) explicates to understand 'the meaning people have constructed … how they make sense of their world and the experiences they have in the world' (Merriam, 1998, 6). To this end, the team strove to be interpretive. ...
... In general, a case study approach is a method that entails an in-depth description and analysis of a phenomenon, social unit, or system that is constrained by time or space (Merriam, 1998). The researchers employed a case study approach, utilizing documentation methods such as mapping and sketching the selected residential neighbourhood's public open spaces. ...
Urban settlements are inherently incomplete without the strategic design of public open spaces, which are essential for enhancing the quality of life and providing numerous social, health, environmental, and economic benefits to residents. In Kuala Lumpur, rapid urbanization and inadequate residential planning have led to a decline in the quality of public open spaces, negatively impacting residents' well-being. This situation highlights the critical need for a comprehensive approach to public open space design that addresses these issues and fosters community engagement and vitality. This study investigates the current state of public open spaces in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, specifically focusing on Taman Mutiara Barat and Taman Taynton View. By analyzing the physical characteristics, social dynamics, and environmental factors of these areas, the study aims to propose design criteria for improving these spaces. Ultimately, the goal is to create vibrant and inclusive public open spaces that enhance the quality of life for residents of Cheras.
... To facilitate narrative sharing, semi-structured interviews were conducted with each of the three participants (see Table 1). Interviews were chosen as this method to collect data so that participants could communicate their experiences within their social worlds in higher education (Merriam 1998). All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed utilizing otter.ai ...
This manuscript explores the challenges faced by Black women in higher education. Despite the social, educational, and financial benefits of academia, Black women often encounter significant drawbacks, including limited support, mentorship, and funding, as well as experiencing pervasive anti‐Black rhetoric and exclusionary practices. These experiences present as isolated experiences but are part of a broader pattern of systemic issues within higher education. This project aimed to provide language around Black women in academia, highlighting their resistance practices and liberatory journeys. The analysis is grounded in Black feminist thought and seeks to provide a conceptual framework for understanding Black women's survivance practices in neoliberal academic contexts. This framework, inspired by Gerald Vizenor's concept of survivance, emphasizes acts of survival and resistance against victimization. The study focused on how Black women navigate and negotiate barriers in predominantly white institutions (PWIs), addressing the psychological impact of toxic stress and developing strategies for reconciliation and healing.
... The researcher's use of both interviews and observations, along with the inclusion of diverse study groups, exemplifies the triangulation strategy. Triangulation involves the researcher's efforts to enhance the diversity of data collected during the research process and to incorporate as many different perspectives as possible (Merriam, 1998). According to Mays and Pope (2000), triangulation refers to the comparison of results from two or more data collection methods (e.g., interviews and observations) or, more simply, from two or more data sources (e.g., interviews with members of different interest groups). ...
The research aims to understand and analyse foreign language anxiety in secondary school students from both student and teacher perspectives across various dimensions. The research was designed as a case study involving a research group of 35 secondary students and 13 English teachers from the same state school in Istanbul during the 2021-2022 academic year. Data were collected through semi-structured interview forms and observation notes taken by the researcher and were analysed using the descriptive content analysis method. The results indicate that students exhibit physical symptoms (such as stuttering, trembling, and freezing), psychological symptoms (including nervousness and fear), and cognitive symptoms (such as forgetfulness and lack of motivation) associated with foreign language anxiety. The causes of this anxiety are related to the learner, the teacher, and the teaching system. Student-related causes include peer pressure, fear of making mistakes, insufficient knowledge, challenges in learning vocabulary, and an authoritarian family attitude, among others. Teacher-related factors causing foreign language anxiety include strict teacher attitudes, the provision of immediate and continuous feedback, and inadequate teacher qualifications. Factors related to the teaching system encompass an exam oriented approach, grammar-focused instruction, limited teaching hours, and insufficient textbook coverage. The consequences of foreign language anxiety experienced by students include academic failure, learned helplessness, and a decline in interest and participation in the classroom. Both students and teachers employ various strategies to cope with foreign language anxiety, such as utilizing technology, promoting peer learning, and fostering a positive learning environment. The results show that although all students acknowledge the necessity of foreign language learning in their social lives and education, recognize its potential to facilitate their career choices, and agree that English is a universal language, every student in the study group, which included both students with and without foreign language anxiety, has experienced foreign language anxiety.
... Nitel araştırmalar, laboratuvar ortamı dışında gözlem, görüşme ve doküman incelemesi gibi nicel olmayan yöntemlerle gerçek ortamında incelemenin yapıldığı araştırma yöntemidir (Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2021). Olgubilim araştırmalarında araştırmacı genellikle, gözlem ve görüşme yöntemlerinde toplamış olduğu verilerle süreci yürütmeye çalışır (Merriam, 1998). Olgubilimsel araştırmalarında içeriğin analiz edilme sürecinde, verinin anlam kazanması ve olguyu tanımlayabilecek sınıflandırmaların ortaya çıkarılabilmesi kaygısı vardır. ...
... Diseño de estudio de caso cualitativo (Merriam, 1998), explorando la experiencia de 15 estudiantes de último año de Grado en Enfermería en un entorno de simulación clínica. Tras cada sesión, los participantes completaron diarios reflexivos estructurados en los que recogieron fortalezas, desafíos, áreas de mejora y reflexiones sobre su desempeño. ...
Introducción: El aprendizaje basado en simulación se ha convertido en una herramienta pedagógica esencial en la formación de enfermería, ofreciendo a los estudiantes un entorno controlado e interactivo para desarrollar habilidades clínicas antes de entrar en la práctica en el mundo real. Objetivo: Explorar las experiencias de aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios de enfermería de último año que participan en una educación basada en simulación. Métodos: Diseño de estudio de caso cualitativo (Merriam, 1998), explorando la experiencia de 15 estudiantes de último año de Grado en Enfermería en un entorno de simulación clínica. Tras cada sesión, los participantes completaron diarios reflexivos estructurados en los que recogieron fortalezas, desafíos, áreas de mejora y reflexiones sobre su desempeño. Los relatos se sometieron a un análisis temático inductivo utilizando el software ATLAS.ti, lo que permitió identificar categorías emergentes y patrones recurrentes en su proceso de aprendizaje. Este procedimiento se enmarca en el constructivismo social de Vygotsky (1978), que subraya cómo las vivencias y el bagaje previo de cada estudiante, junto con la interacción en el grupo, construyen y enriquecen la comprensión de los conceptos clínicos. Gracias a este enfoque se pudo captar no solo el desarrollo de habilidades técnicas y comunicativas, sino también el crecimiento personal y la confianza en la toma de decisiones en situaciones simuladas de alta presión. Resultados: Emergieron 4 temas principales que abordan el desarrollo de competencias clínicas, el crecimiento personal y profesional, las habilidades de comunicación y la reflexión crítica sobre el aprendizaje. Conclusiones: Esta metodología docente no solo fortalece habilidades clínicas y técnicas, sino que supone una herramienta fundamental para el desarrollo personal y profesional de los estudiantes.
... After completing the prototype, we invited 19 participants to provide feedback via online meetings. This allowed them to comment on our findings [40] and share preferences on the prototype's design elements [32]. All participants, except P5 who was unavailable, joined the sessions. ...
Onboarding newcomers is vital for the sustainability of open-source software (OSS) projects. To lower barriers and increase engagement, OSS projects have dedicated experts who provide guidance for newcomers. However, timely responses are often hindered by experts' busy schedules. The recent rapid advancements of AI in software engineering have brought opportunities to leverage AI as a substitute for expert mentoring. However, the potential role of AI as a comprehensive mentor throughout the entire onboarding process remains unexplored. To identify design strategies of this ``AI mentor'', we applied Design Fiction as a participatory method with 19 OSS newcomers. We investigated their current onboarding experience and elicited 32 design strategies for future AI mentor. Participants envisioned AI mentor being integrated into OSS platforms like GitHub, where it could offer assistance to newcomers, such as ``recommending projects based on personalized requirements'' and ``assessing and categorizing project issues by difficulty''. We also collected participants' perceptions of a prototype, named ``OSSerCopilot'', that implemented the envisioned strategies. They found the interface useful and user-friendly, showing a willingness to use it in the future, which suggests the design strategies are effective. Finally, in order to identify the gaps between our design strategies and current research, we conducted a comprehensive literature review, evaluating the extent of existing research support for this concept. We find that research is relatively scarce in certain areas where newcomers highly anticipate AI mentor assistance, such as ``discovering an interested project''. Our study has the potential to revolutionize the current newcomer-expert mentorship and provides valuable insights for researchers and tool designers aiming to develop and enhance AI mentor systems.
... For this qualitative, exploratory study we utilized a multiple case study design (Merriam, 1998;Yin, 1994). While we did diverge from the more postpositivist replication approach of Yin (1994), using multiple cases allowed us to analyze the unique context for each program and then explore convergent findings across cases. ...
Learning to teach is challenging as preservice teachers apply a multitude of knowledge and skills in complex situations. Preservice and student teachers struggle to effectively use metacognition and lack the ability to address numerous motivational factors in their learning. We do not know how student teachers utilize these ideas while lesson planning. This multiple case study explored student teacher lesson planning motivation, knowledge transfer, and metacognition. The themes of teacher identity development, giving permission to overcome stress and procrastination, learning to adapt lessons, and stress impacting lesson planning emerged. The findings indicate student teacher growth throughout the practicum and provide insights for teacher educators to enhance motivation, metacognition, and knowledge transfer. We recommend teacher educators consider how they intentionally incorporate knowledge transfer and metacognition in their programs. Further, teacher educators should conceptualize how they scaffold lesson planning skill development, clearly communicate expectations, and use lesson plan templates to help address student teacher stress and procrastination. Future research should continue to explore ways to improve metacognition and knowledge transfer within the student teaching field experience and during lesson planning.
... The collected memes were analysed using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) while operating within the theoretical framework of Peircean semiotics and works of Barthes (1977) 1 , the main reason for which internet memes should be understood as identical to the semiotic sign (Blommaert, 2015;Cannizzaro, 2016;Wiggins, 2019). Considering the suggestions made by Merriam (1998) and Kekeya (2016) in terms of qualitative data analysis techniques, the data analysis process of this study also involved an iterative approach in which the researcher moved back and forth repeatedly on the data to derive meaningful interpretations. ...
This paper presents the findings of a semiotic study that explores the transformation of an action movie star and martial artist into an internet phenomenon and a source of memes. A meme pool consisting of 100 memes collected from a Facebook meme repository named Chuck Norris Jokes and Facts constitutes the raw data of this study. The collected memes were analysed using critical discourse analysis to explore the communicative potential of the selected memes while operating within the theoretical framework of Peircean semiotics to analyse the visual and textual elements. The findings reveal the juxtaposition of visual and textual elements from various genres. The constructed memes reverse fictional narratives coming from multiple entertainment sources. Individualised storytelling is also used in the form of contrafactive cause-and-effect links to a significant extent. In addition, the humorous exaggeration of physical capabilities and the demotion of superhero characters were found to have assigned a sense of hypermasculinity to Chuck Norris. It has eventually resulted in the conceptualisation of Chuck Norris as an internet phenomenon, which is now increasingly used as an ideological tool to contradict physical phenomena and reverse fictional narratives found within various media genres. The study lends ideas for future research directed at exploring the capacity of memetic content to promote the ideological practices of networked communities.
Keywords: Ideological Tool, Internet Phenomenon, Memes, Semiotics, Networked Communities
... Using a qualitative, descriptive case study methodology (Merriam, 1998) and drawing on a discourse analysis approach (Rymes, 2015;Wortham & Reyes, 2020), we analyze the critical reflections and discussions of 12 in-service STEM teachers participating in a Project Leverage course to answer the following research question: ...
This study presents findings from a professional development project that engaged secondary school in-service STEM teachers in transformative perspectives to make sense of theory, practice, and action in multilingual STEM classrooms. In particular, we examine how teachers engaged with translanguaging, transdisciplinarity, and transculturation in critical reflections and course discussions to promote critical consciousness. Findings reveal that trans- perspectives were interconnected and integral in promoting criticality and equity-minded STEM teaching in bilingual contexts. Teachers historicized personal experiences through translanguaged narratives; connected and integrated STEM language and content knowledge through transdisciplinary practices; and grappled with the role of culture in STEM learning through transcultural repositioning.
... According to Patton (2015), the main goal of interviewing in scientific research is to reveal the facts that lie in the minds of the participants. Merriam (1998) states that it is not possible to observe people's feelings and thoughts and the meaning they attach to their experiences, and the only way to reveal these is to ask them questions. ...
In an era where educational institutions are increasingly integrating technology to enhance teaching and learning, the effective use of learning analytics has emerged as a key strategy for informed decision-making. Technological leadership plays a critical role in fostering a culture that supports the adoption and implementation of these tools. The purpose of this study is to examine how learning analytics applications are integrated and utilized within the framework of technological leadership in public and private schools. Utilizing a phenomenological design and qualitative research approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 school administrators from diverse schools and educational levels in Istanbul over a period of six months. Data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA software. The findings indicate that the application of technological competencies and learning analytics remains limited, particularly in public schools, due to various factors. Notably, learning analytics tools are not fully understood, and there is a lack of effective software infrastructure to support their use, both of which emerge as significant barriers to their successful implementation. This study underscores the importance of enhancing technological leadership and infrastructure to facilitate the widespread adoption and effective use of learning analytics in schools.
This study examines the differences in collective memory in Ukraine regarding the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia in February 2022 and the potential for reconciliation. Combining theories of social representations, conflict transformation and narrative theory, 37 semi-structured interviews were conducted with groups based on the origin of people (TOT or the rest of Ukraine). The collected data was analysed thematically, and the results suggest a long historical span of perceived causes for the full-scale invasion as well as plurality of memory. Reconciliation as a measure in its turn implies nation-building processes and identity alignment. However, there were severe doubts over the feasibility of searching for and establishing one single narrative for Ukraine and TOT at the current phase of the war. Résumé Cette étude examine les différences dans la mémoire collective ukrainienne à l’égard de l’invasion à grande échelle de l’Ukraine par la Russie en février 2022 et le potentiel de réconciliation. En combinant les théories des représentations sociales, de la transformation des conflits et de la théorie narrative, 37 entretiens semi structurés ont été menés avec des groupes basés sur l’origine des personnes (territoires temporairement occupés (TOT) ou le reste de l’Ukraine). Les données recueillies ont fait l’objet d’une analyse thématique et les résultats suggèrent une longue période historique de perception des causes de l’invasion à grande échelle, ainsi qu’une pluralité de mémoires. La réconciliation implique à son tour des processus de construction nationale et d’alignement identitaire. Toutefois, de sérieux doutes ont été émis quant à la faisabilité de la recherche et de l’établissement d’un récit unique pour l’Ukraine et la TOT dans la phase actuelle de la guerre.
Telepsychotherapy emerged in India during the early 2000s and experienced a significant increase in utilization during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. It falls under the category of telemental health, which refers to delivering behavioral and mental health care services through technological platforms, either as a substitute for or alongside traditional face-to-face methods. Despite offering enhanced access to mental health care, telepsychotherapy presents challenges to established practices of conventional psychotherapy, especially to the trainees. Thus, understanding their perspective on this transition is crucial for optimizing telepsychotherapy effectiveness in the future. The current study aims to delve into the experiences of debutant psychotherapists concerning their training and implementation of telepsychotherapy. The study utilized a qualitative approach and employed purposive sampling to gather data. Participants M. Phil Clinical Psychology within last 6 months were approached through social media, targeted emails, and a snowball method within their social network. The thematic analyses were conducted to identify and categorize common themes, shedding light on the evolving landscape of telepsychotherapy and its impact on the learning process of future therapists. It is a rapidly evolving field that has become increasingly crucial in the current context. Understanding trainees' perspectives on this shift and how it impacts their learning process is vital for enhancing the effectiveness of telepsychotherapy for future therapists.
This study aims to analyze the levels of metacognition based on the framework of Swartz and Perkins (as developed by Laurens) and the statistical problem-solving abilities of fourth-semester students in the Early Childhood Education Program at FIPK IAKN Ambon. It employs a descriptive approach with both quantitative and qualitative data. The results show: (1) Metacognitive levels: (a) High scorers fall under Reflective and Semi-Reflective Use, demonstrating deep understanding and solution evaluation; (b) Medium scorers fall under Strategic and Semi-Strategic Use, capable of planning strategies but lacking in evaluation; (c) Low scorers fall under Tacit and Aware Use, only grasping basic problems. (2) Problem-solving performance: (a) Students at the Strategic Use level meet metacognitive indicators but only on certain questions; (b) Semi-Reflective Use students solve problems thoroughly and understand concepts; (c) Semi-Strategic Use students complete only part of the tasks; (d) Aware Use students struggle to understand the questions; (e) Tacit Use students tend to answer randomly.
Studi ini mengkaji karakteristik, strategi, dan dampak perang siber Tiongkok terhadap Indonesia, serta respons kebijakan dan tantangan Indonesia dalam keamanan siber. Memanfaatkan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus dan tinjauan literatur, penelitian ini menganalisis pola serangan siber Tiongkok, target, dan motivasinya. Temuan mengungkapkan bahwa Tiongkok menggunakan teknik canggih seperti Advanced Persistent Threats (APT) dan spear-phishing, yang menargetkan lembaga pemerintah, infrastruktur penting, dan perusahaan strategis di Indonesia. Dampaknya termasuk kerentanan dalam infrastruktur penting, pelanggaran data sensitif, dan gangguan ekonomi. Meskipun Indonesia telah mengambil langkah-langkah untuk meningkatkan pertahanan sibernya melalui kerangka hukum, pengembangan kemampuan, dan kerja sama internasional, kesenjangan yang signifikan tetap ada dalam teknologi, sumber daya manusia, dan koordinasi antar-lembaga. Studi ini menerapkan teori Pertahanan Nasional, Perang Asimetris, Pencegahan Siber, dan Keamanan Siber untuk memberikan pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang dinamika kompleks yang terlibat. Rekomendasi tersebut meliputi peningkatan investasi dalam teknologi dan infrastruktur keamanan siber, pengembangan sumber daya manusia, penguatan kerangka hukum, meningkatkan koordinasi antar pemangku kepentingan
This chapter traces the development and implementation of the authors’ pedagogical awareness during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that decimated the 2020–2021 academic year. They drew upon previous training and pillars from other emergency preparedness situations to navigate teaching in both the face-to-face and online classroom situations within a preservice science curriculum and instruction course. Here, the objects studied were the authors’ perceptions of their teaching and mentoring situations shared though vignettes. Rooted in natural occurrences rather than a controlled research setting, their stories of lived experience offer insight and contribute to understanding the ramifications resulting from emergency remote teaching and the broader pedagogical and structural implications when postsecondary instructors must navigate a rapidly changing pedagogical landscape and transform teaching practices. Both authors had over 20 years of teaching experience in both face-to-face and fully online modalities at the time of the study, yet there were learning curves to navigate. The chapter provides qualitative insight into the authors’ experiences throughout the academic year via narrative storytelling and self-study. Vignettes offer the reader a sense of transferability using the shared lessons learned while illustrating implications for students, instructors, and administrators. Recommendations for future consideration are included as emergency remote teaching is a tool within the pedagogical toolbox of the new educational normal as society moves into living with COVID and anticipated other disruptions to learning.
This chapter focuses on secondary teachers’ perspectives on teaching science to English Language Learners (ELLs) in diverse classrooms. I used a qualitative case study approach and phenomenographic methods, primarily semi-structured interviews and informal classroom observations to collect data. A synthesized theoretical framework of (trans-multi)culturally responsive education served as my lens for interpreting and thematically analyzing the data. Key findings indicate that low English language competency imposed a cultural barrier, impacted student participation, increased behavioural issues, and influenced teachers’ choice of teaching practices and resources for teaching science to ELLs. The teachers also identified system-based challenges in supporting ELLs’ science learning. These findings have implications for science education and the broader area of multicultural education.
The article on the continuing training and professional performance of primary teachers in Tchad is intended to reflect on the performance of primary teachers, particularly those of the school in the Farchana refugee campt to ensure quality education to effectively address the real problems of learners and the educational community. The article therefore raises a problem of ineffectiveness of teachers in this concern. It is the continuing training which allows teachers to adapt to professional requirements and the modernization of teaching practices through technological tools and new didactic materials. Continuing training is therefore an essential factor in enabling teachers to achieve the best educational and professional performance to guarantee quality education. However, it is essential that this training be carried out under appropriate conditions taking into account all the institutional, conceptual and practical arrangements for training.
Etimologicamente, a palavra conhecimento vem do latim cognoscere (o ato de conhecer), o que torna o objetivo de qualquer investigação conhecer aquilo que até ao momento permanece desconhecido, desvendando e entendendo a natureza dos fenómenos que nos rodeiam, criando novas teorias resultantes dessa aprendizagem. A produção de conhecimento científico é intencional pois parte sempre de um propósito, de uma intenção, levando a que o conhecimento não seja visto como um estado mas antes como um processo. Um processo que implica articulações entre práticas e pensamentos, vivências e representações/operações simbólicas, através das quais os sujeitos assimilam a realidade aos seus conceitos e operações, construindo representações que lhes permitem acomodar-se aos objetos.
A sustainable peace process requires more than temporary agreements or the resolution of immediate conflicts—it demands a deep, enduring transformation rooted in the values, perceptions, and interactions of individuals within a society. Traditional peacebuilding often emphasizes events, political power struggles, and leadership, but the collective impact of individual perspectives may be the true determinant of lasting peace. This multidisciplinary study empirically examines the role of wisdom—a fundamental psychological construct—in shaping individual attitudes and its cascading influence on the broader peace process. The findings highlight the profound implications of wisdom for sustainability in peacebuilding. Greater wisdom strongly correlates with a predisposition for peace, reconciliation, and societal reunification, aligning with sustainable development principles. Thus, this study advocates for a sustainability-oriented approach to peace processes, emphasizing the interconnectedness of individual wisdom, collective hope, and the long-term viability of peace. By fostering wisdom, maintaining hope, and addressing systemic challenges, societies can move toward a more sustainable and harmonious future, rooted in reconciliation, equity, and mutual understanding. This holistic approach strengthens peace prospects and advances the broader goal of a just, sustainable world for future generations.
This study focuses on living labs as ‘platforms for co-creation (i.e., platform-level living labs)’, in which multiple co-creation projects on diverse social issues are promoted through mutual interaction. The long-term operation of such a platform-level living lab is important for achieving social innovation and transformation through the living lab approach; however, methods and tools to support its sustainable management and operation have not been developed. Therefore, this study aims to identify key elements and develop a tool for the sustainable operation and management of platform-level living labs. It undertakes a qualitative analysis of data collected from in-depth interviews conducted with experts who have organised actual cases of long-term practising platform-level living labs in Japan. We also conduct a case-based application of the developed canvas tool and find that it enables us to consider various perspectives that are important when setting up and managing a platform-level living lab. This study also provides a ‘first step’ for further discussions on a methodology for the integrated use of multi-level canvases in the sustainable management of platform-level living labs.
Purpose
Developing countries are recording high cryptocurrency adoption rates surpassing more advanced economies. Considering that this is the opposite of the realities of most other technologies in these areas, this high uptake is puzzling. With a case study of crypto use for cross-border payments in the Nigerian context, this paper aims to address the paucity of empirical research on the phenomena of cryptocurrency adoption and diffusion in developing countries. We put forward a sociotechnical and empirically grounded innovation translation account of the high rates of crypto transactions in developing countries that overcome criticisms against extant arguments in the literature.
Design/methodology/approach
We take a case study approach and analyse the use of cryptocurrency for cross-border payments. Data collection involved two rounds of interviews with retailers from Nigeria, suppliers from China, informal exchangers, crypto brokers and mediators. We analysed themes using an approach sensitised by actor–network theory (ANT) constructs. Our methodological approach focuses on ANT’s relational dynamics to examine how human and non-human actors enable cryptocurrency adoption in a developing-country context.
Findings
We show evidence to suggest that crypto adoption and diffusion in developing countries occurs through an iterative process of technology transformation and appropriation, a strong coalition of the interests of diverse actors and a dynamic relationship between the technical elements of crypto and contextual political, economic, social, technological, legal, environmental influences. Findings have implications for crypto-focused companies, development institutions and policymakers who increasingly show interest in the popularity of cryptocurrencies in developing countries.
Originality/value
This research breaks ground as a sociotechnical and empirically grounded description of the widespread use of cryptocurrencies in developing countries. The study provides an insightful approach to understanding technology adoption as a relational and context-sensitive process. Insights from the framework might be useful for addressing adoption challenges and designing inclusive financial systems in similar contexts.
This edited volume presents an inter-and multidisciplinary approach towards language teacher education, confronting the issues that have continued to pervade the field for the last two decades. Featuring contributions from researchers and teacher educators located within a truly international spread of countries-Mexico, Palestine, Tunisia, Cyprus, and Kuwait to name a few-chapters adopt an ecologically glocalised approach to understand how English language teaching is theorised and practised in different educational contexts across the world. Research gathered from interviews, meta-analysis, and international case studies is showcased as chapters consider both pedagogical and online issues within, as well as critical approaches to, language teacher education. Professional development and evaluation programmes across different educational contexts are discussed in-depth along with guidance and insights for the future of the field. The book will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and postgraduate students working in the fields of English language teacher education, TESOL, applied linguistics, continuing professional development.
This qualitative, single-subject case study examines a transgender pre-service teacher’s experiences completing an educator preparation program (EPP) in a predominantly rural region in the southeast United States. The purpose of this case study is to describe and understand a transgender pre-service teacher’s experiences in finding and completing the field experience requirements across multiple school districts. Stories of the participant’s experiences, university faculty members’ accounts, and communication documents inform the research. Results demonstrate obstacles the preservice teacher faced during their field placement and hindrances to securing employment post-graduation. Implications for further research are discussed.
ABSTRAK - Sudah ramai yang mengkaji mengenai Kassim Ahmad, akan tetapi setakat yang diketahui tiada yang mengkaji pemikirannya menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif. Kami telah mencuba mengkaji pemikiran Kassim Ahmad dan pemikiran anti hadisnya melalui kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif. Alhamdulillah kajian ini dapat diselesaikan sebelum kematiannya. Kassim Ahmad telah dikenal pasti sebagai individu yang mempertikaikan hadis. Pertuduhan anti hadis terhadap beliau telah dibuat sejak tahun 1986 oleh Jabatan Mufti di negeri-negeri melalui beberapa fatwa yang telah diwartakan oleh negeri-negeri seperti Pulau Pinang, Selangor, Wilayah Persekutuan, Sabah dan Pahang. Berasaskan kepada penulisan dan ucapan beliau, adalah satu perkara yang penting untuk diteroka tentang pemikiran beliau mengenai Islam terutamanya pandangan beliau terhadap hadis. Berdasarkan hakikat tersebut, kajian tentang pemikiran Kassim Ahmad sebagai individu yang menolak hadis perlu dijalankan bagi meneroka asas pandangan beliau, kaedah yang digunakan bagi menafsir al-Quran, hujah yang digunakan bagi menolak hadis dan pandangan beliau berhubung dengan perkara-perkara ghaibiyyat. Kami adalah satu-satunya pengkaji yang berjaya menebual beliau sebelum beliau meninggal dunia.
Kata kunci: Kassim Ahmad, anti Hadis, kajian kualitatif, Malaysia, pemikiran anti Hadis
ABSTRACT - Many researchers have research on Kassim Ahmad, but as far as we are concern no researcher used qualitative research method in researching on Kassim Ahmad. We have tried to research on Kassim Ahmad and his thoughts through qualitative research method. Thanks to Allah, we have completed our research before his death. Kassim Ahmad is identified as an individual that argued the originality of Hadis. The acusation of anti-Hadith on Kassim Ahmad has been made since 1986 in several fatwas issued by Pulau Pinang, Selangor, Wilayah Persekutuan, Sabah dan Pahang. Based on his writings and speeches, it is important to explore Kassim Ahmad’s thought especially on Hadith. In addition, it is important to study his thoughts in terms of his basic thoughts, the methodology used
to interprate Al-Quran, his arguments on the rejection of Hadith, and his opinions on unseen matters (ghaibiyyat). We are the only
researchers which have been successfully interviewed Kassim Ahmad before he passed away.
Keywords: Kassim Ahmad, anti-Hadith, qualitative research,
Malaysia, anti-Hadith thoughts
Gifted students often experience different educational needs compared to their peers, especially in subjects like science. The aim of this study was to examine the perceptions of gifted students studying in primary school towards the science course. A phenomenological research method was used. The study group consisted of twenty-four gifted students aged 9–10 years studying in eleven different primary schools in a province in southeastern Türkiye during the 2023-2024 academic year. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were conducted face-to-face. The data were analyzed using content analysis in the MAXQDA 24 software. Gifted students show a strong interest in astronomy, earth sciences, and chemistry, while their interest in other scientific fields, such as biology, is limited. They reported that science lessons often use teacher-centered, text-based approaches that offer limited technology active learning. Although science education at the Science and Art Center was satisfactory, the students expressed that regular classroom practices did not meet their expectations. Students emphasized the need for innovative teaching methods, active learning, laboratory activities, and outdoor learning opportunities. The findings indicate that teaching methods need to be improved, and student-centered approaches can enhance course quality and increase student motivation. Keywords: gifted children, primary schools, qualitative approach, science courses
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan sejauh mana implementasi kebijakan sertifikasi ini berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan profesionalitas guru yang ada di salah satu Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, dan menjelaskan apa saja peran sertifikasi ini dalam meningkatkan profesionalitas guru sehingga dapat djadikan bahan informasi dan pertimbangan bagi pembuat kebijakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara dan observasi. Sebagai partisipan atau informan dari penelitian ini yaitu Wakil kepala sekolah, tim supervisi sekolah, guru yang sudah bersertifikasi dan peserta didik. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukan implementasi kebijakan sertifikasi sudah berjalan dengan baik, hal ini dibuktikannya setiap guru yang bersertifikasi sudah memiliki empat kompetensi dasar yang harus dimiliki guru yang didapat dari pendidikan profesi, diantaranya yaitu Kompetensi Pedagogik, Kepribadian, Profesional dan Sosial. Kemudian terkait dengan peran sertifikasi guru dalam profesionalitas guru yang telah dirasakan guru disekolah tersebut bahwa dengan adanya sertifikasi guru merasakan kesejahteraan sosialnya meningkat, guru diberi kesempatan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi namun hal lain yang belum dirasakan secara maksimal terkait peran sertifikasi ini yaitu, guru belum merasakan secara maksimal dalam pemanfaatan sarana prasarana yang belum lengkap di Sekolah.
A recent trend among some families who have recognized their inability to sustain the cost of living and studying abroad, has been to send only one spouse to study first. Such situations have given rise to the phenomenon of married single students pursuing advanced studies abroad. This phenomenological study explored the related decision-making process, effects on their families, impact of the students’ life abroad and their academic performance. The study focused on six students who had experienced this phenomenon in the Philippines, specifically in two provinces. The results of the study showed that such alternative study period of married single students has a negative impact on their life at school as well as on the family left behind at home. The study also pointed to challenges that the personnel of host universities faced in accommodating the single married students’ wish to accelerate their program completion. As coping mechanisms, the participants integrated with the local community as well as the community of their nationality. Coping is also managed through maintaining communication with family through social media, as well as sharing of emotions with fellow single married students.
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