The discovery of grounded theory
... To explore the C&B among the HR professionals in the HPI in adopting GHRM practices to attain sustainable performance, this study was designed as an interpretive exploratory study where the GT method was used (Glaser, 1992;Glaser and Strauss, 1967;Straus and Corbin, 1990). The GT method was selected for three factors: the newness of the topic, the lack of research and theories about the antecedents in adopting GHRM practices, the "green" and "sustainability" concepts that were recognized as value-laden (Jabbour and Santos, 2008;Ren et al., 2018;Yong et al., 2019c) and the importance placed by the green management field on theory development (Farrukh et al., 2022). ...
... Furthermore, Farrukh et al. (2022) recommended the qualitative method to develop a crucial relation between the subject matter and the testing of hypotheses and the subsequent formal theorizing. According to the GT method (Glaser and Strauss, 1967;Glaser, 1992), the iterative data collection and analysis procedures were performed through an inductive theoretical goal. In the subsequent rounds of the study, the literature was consulted to increase the understanding of the growing concepts and categories particularly after the core category had emerged. ...
... Informants were chosen and data was collected based on gender, age, education level and professional experience to ensure a representative sample. This action was performed to achieve the theoretical sampling (Glaser and Strauss, 1967), which should lead to (1) dense development of attributes of categories; (2) integration of categories and attributes, and; (3) delimitation of the scope of the theory (Glaser and Strauss, 1967, p. 58). Ultimately, six participants responded and consented to participate after making follow-up calls. ...
Purpose
The recent decade has described the role of HR practitioners as more strategic to advance in environmental management (EM), technology and change management competencies. The study aims to identify the HR professionals' changing strategies and challenges and barriers in sustainability performance (SP) through green HRM, which have become an emerging topic.
Design/methodology/approach
Data collection was conducted through six semi-structured face-to-face interviews with senior HR representatives through purposive sampling. The grounded theory (GT) method was applied, followed by an iterative process for codes and themes.
Findings
The results indicated the highly significant challenges and barriers (C&B) proposing a 5 × 4 framework in adopting GHRM practices. Examples of the challenges included (1) lack of knowledge, orientation and awareness; (2) corporate social responsibility as an integral part of the organization strategy; (3) environmental concerns internally required from top-bottom and bottom-top approach; (4) budget and cost that remain an issue for the top management, and; (5) HR department's responsibility to build competencies for their entire team.
Practical implications
The findings help the top management and policymakers maintain a balance between economic, environmental and social sustainability performance agendas. Furthermore, the environmental goals and values of the hotel are key ingredients in seeking the solution to environmental sustainability, which requires continuous training programs to enhance awareness at all levels.
Originality/value
The results are presented as future directions to enrich the literature and make significant contributions to the existing body of knowledge. Moreover, the research benefits the managers from the results intended in accomplishing sustainable development approaches.
... For that, a framework was applied to make a connection between the outcomes of the theoretical part and the fieldwork, which consisted of three cases by conducting interviews with port and port city representatives of the ports of Rotterdam, Antwerp, and Hamburg and an analysis of the annual reports of the port authorities of these three ports for the years 2011-2016. This framework was based on the grounded theory approach as developed by Glaser and Strauss (1967). The use of this method has been and still is under discussion (Kendall, 1999). ...
... Grounded theory is one of the most used methods in research dealing with between 5 and 50 open or semi-structured interviews (Swanborn, 2013). The grounded theory approach is a variety of the comparative method of analysis (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Glaser and Strauss (1967, p. 5) took the position that the adequacy of a theory cannot be divorced from the process of creating it. ...
... Glaser remained faithful to his first ideas (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) The method of constant comparison is applied to get more detailed categories by comparing texts with one another, the concepts with one another, and the relationship between the concepts; ...
A comparative study of the relationships between port and related city concerning Antwerp, Rotterdam and Hamburg. It is argued that, rooted in the past, the different socio-cultural and political structures, have led to significant other developments from which the cities have or have not benefitted. Using Grounded Theory as the methodological approach, extensive research has been done by interviewing (former) key players related to city government, port authorities and port companies. Secondary quantative data have been used to underline the arguments made.
... The process of creating a theory as informed by facts that has been precisely collected and examined is finished with the creation of a theoretical framework [48]. We select notable authors and their influential works from a significant school of thought based on the primary domains of knowledge revealed in the earlier bibliometric investigation. ...
... Later, the researchers put these codes together to form ideas, which we later called "open codes". When open coding is used, there are many open codes [48,83]. The next step in the axial coding process is for the researchers to recombine closely linked and overlapping open codes into aggregated key concepts or core codes. ...
Stakeholder-based brand is increasingly recognized as a measure for corporate sustainability, although the knowledge in this area is relatively unknown. Through a systematic review approach, the present study explores the global knowledge base on sustainability and brand. The most influential authors and documents are identified, followed by a discovery of the intellectual
structure of the sustainability and brand knowledge base with five schools of thought. First, the
Customer Attitudes and Behavior school refers to behavioral studies (one of the common approaches
in sustainability studies). Second, the Tourism Marketing school represents the popular context of
sustainability studies that mainly relates to hospitality, destination marketing, and fashion brand
management. Third, the Brand Strategy school refers to corporate strategy concerning brand that
is widely used to measure corporate sustainability performance such as brand equity. Fourth, the Societal Marketing school provides insights into the marketing strategy that leads a firm to achieve competitive advantages under concerns about finite resources and rising environmental and social costs. Finally, the Advanced Quantitative Analysis school reveals an approach that is mainly used when conducting sustainable marketing studies. A model on sustainability brand is then derived, adopting the grounded theory approach. Future research opportunities are also identified and discussed to continuously advance the scholarship in this specific area.
... Any discrepancies in codes involved overlapping codes (e.g., something that was simultaneously a process as well as involving collaboration with law enforcement) or identification of additional subthemes which were then coded as such. Following the coding of the transcripts and identification of core themes, merged narrative accounts for each core theme were created [42,43]. The merged narrative accounts of core themes were then further coded through taxonomic analysis [44]. ...
... Infante (1997) indicated that an integrated theoretical model can be used to build theory within specific contexts; a grounded theoretical approach [42,43] combined with tenets of systems theory and organizational theory research [40,41,45] were utilized to develop a conceptual model related to anti-trafficking response in the juvenile justice system. ...
Citation: Nichols, A.; Slutsker, S.; Oberstaedt, M.; Gilbert, K. Team Approaches to Addressing Sex Trafficking of Minors: Promising Practices for a Collaborative Model. Abstract: The extant research literature is lacking in its focus on community-based responses (CBRs) to sex trafficking involving minors in the juvenile justice system. To address this research gap, the present study draws from 35 interviews with social service and justice system practitioners who work with juvenile justice-involved minors experiencing sex trafficking to examine collaborative responses in two Study Sites. Specifically, protocols to respond to trafficking and collaboration with community partners are explored. Results indicate that a formal protocol engaging a team approach inclusive of multiple community partners is a promising mezzo level response to addressing the sex trafficking of minors involved in the juvenile justice system. Informal and formal relationships, establishing a shared goal, open and ongoing communication, and trust building were also found to enhance community-based responses. Implications include establishing a protocol to respond to sex trafficking in the juvenile court system when sex trafficking is suspected and/or confirmed, which would engage a CBR team involving the survivor, parent(s)/guardian(s), DJO, supervisor, investigator, judge, Children's Division caseworker, and social services provider(s). Establishing a shared goal within the CBR team and developing a pattern of communication and follow up can facilitate trust building, ultimately benefitting CBRs addressing the sex trafficking of minors involved with the juvenile justice system.
... On the next step of comparison, the similarities and differences between the different fields of problems under investigation (such as lone parenthood and long-term unemployment) could be approached with the aim of constructing hypotheses about the general and specific mechanisms operating in different social fields and the challenges. This step can be extended to an unlimited variety of social phenomena and social fields, aiming at gaining more and more wide-ranging and abstract theoretical concepts that can explain common mechanisms of social action and perception while remaining empirically based at the same time (Glaser and Strauss, 1967). In Sostris, the question of how the analysed responses formed part of general biographical and sociostructural patterns developing as a response to risk situations and social exclusion in Western European societies (in comparison with East Germany as representing an Eastern European society in transition) and how these patterns were bound to national and local conditions could have been approached by a comparison across different categories and across different countries. ...
... 12 This very helpful distinction between generalising the 'case structure' and constructing a 'type' has been worked out by Monika Wohlrab-Sahr (1994). 13 The procedures of comparison by creating minimal and maximal contrasts between different types of social action on different levels of creating grounded theory has been developed by Glaser and Strauss (1967). 14 In the process of adapting biographical methods in Sostris, every national team dealt first with their main case (in their own language) before they presented the biographical data and the so-called sequentialisation (an overview of the topics of the interview and the way they are presented as narration, argumentation or description, following the sequential order of the interview) in English during the international workshops in which the whole Sostris team participated. ...
... After transcribing the interviews into Arabic, the primary author followed the pioneers of grounded theory analysis methodology [58][59][60] and started to extensively read the transcripts and highlight some texts and concepts. This procedure is a method of categorizing the data into smaller chunks (open coding). ...
... However, the perspectives of key implementers should not be ignored during policy formulation [67]. Bottom-up research studies explore the implementation processes from the viewpoints of organizations and their actors who responsibly implement a policy [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. Previous implementation research reported several challenges facing education policy implementations, such as the presence of conflicts among policy makers and implementers , a university's ambiguous mission, or implementers' weak policy awareness [4]. ...
Implementing education policy is crucial for achieving policy goals, and several factors lead to the success or failure of this vital endeavour. Drawing upon a policy document critical review, observational research and in-depth, audio-recorded interviews with 93 participants, this article reports on the key factors that hindered the implementation of the national strategy for the development of higher education (NSDHE) in Yemen; the main factors are the implementers' lack of information combined with lack of commitment by university leaders; the use of strategy top-down planning; a lack of funding coupled with financial corruption; the absence of an institutional strategy; the presence of eco-political challenges; and a lack of basic infrastructure (e.g., classrooms, teaching aids, offices, and toilets). The article also provides a simple conceptual model for these key factors. The findings offer direct benefits that will help policy formulators and implementers enhance the formulation and implementation of present and future education policies.
... Essas dimensões foram estabelecidas seguindo dois movimentos, o primeiro contou com categorias pré-definidas (por exemplo, Conversas e Interações) e o segundo, em subcategorias que surgiram de baixo para cima, ou seja, que no processo de codificação emergiram da análise do material, ao serem identificadas com frequência (por exemplo, Conversas sobre a exposição). O protocolo foi validado por seis pesquisadores-codificadores usando um método comparativo constante (GLASER; STRAUSS, 1967). ...
Neste estudo de caso qualitativo, analisamos as experiências de aprendizagem de adolescentes em visita com amigos a um museu de ciências interativo, Espacio Ciencia, no Uruguai. Participaram do estudo 16 adolescentes, distribuídos em cinco grupos de amigos. As visitas foram gravadas utilizando o método point of view, que consiste em capturar áudio de vídeo por meio de uma câmera subjetiva acoplada à cabeça de um dos adolescentes durante a visita. Os registros audiovisuais foram analisados por meio de um protocolo que identifica os tipos de interações e conversas ocorridas entre os visitantes e a exposição. Como resultado, nosso estudo traz evidências de que a interatividade, as múltiplas oportunidades de exploração e a colaboração entre os adolescentes favoreceram as práticas relacionadas à ciência, tais como observação, simulação, experimentação de tentativa e erro e discussão de questões científicas com seus amigos e também com os mediadores. Dessa forma, podemos inferir que o Espacio Ciencia, além de estimular o interesse, apoiou a aprendizagem dos adolescentes. Além disso, o estudo indica que o contexto físico e social, o processo de engajamento e a construção de significados ocorreram de maneira interligada, contribuindo para as experiências de aprendizagem.
... As the last step of our analytical approach, we conducted an interpretative grounded theory analysis (Bryant & Charmaz, 2007;Glaser et al., 1967) of the newspaper articles. This enabled us to "zoom in" (Aranda et al., 2021) and understand how journalists co-create FBB meanings. ...
Drawing upon the thriving brand co-creation perspective, our study explores the co-creation of family business brand (FBB) meanings with external stakeholders. Through a mixed method analysis that combines structural topic modelling and interpretative grounded theorizing, we analyse 12,039 newspaper articles, covering a period of 30 years, to show how journalists co-created intended and unintended family business brand meanings. Our findings reveal seven unique FBB discourses, and a set of five discursive strategies (echoing, educating, narrativizing, unveiling and reframing) embedded in two discursive mechanisms (FBB meanings consolidation and FBB meanings unravelling) that journalists actuate in their press coverage of family businesses. Thus, our paper contributes to the family business and brand co-creation literatures theorizing and contextualizing the role of an overlooked actor in the FBB ecosystem, promotes a way to methodologically apply big-data-friendly analysis in the family business field, and offers managerial implications.
... Credibility check. Given the interpretive nature of the grounded theory approach, its credibility is less concerned with obtaining a single, correct interpretation of the data and more concerned with obtaining data accuracy while minimizing researcher bias (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). We used three strategies recommended by Morse (2015) to ensure the credibility. ...
With research long focusing on distinct characteristics of different love types, little is known about love as a general feeling across relationship contexts. To explore the core elements of love as perceived by laypeople and whether these elements weigh differently in different relationships, grounded theory was used to analyze open-ended responses from 468 individuals about their feeling loved in family, romantic, and friend relationships. Results indicated that the feeling of love is an interpersonal process in which one receives positive responsiveness from the other and experiences an authentic connection with the other, consistently across conditions and time (i.e., in a sense of stability); three core elements were shared across family, romantic, and friend relationships. Chi-square independence tests revealed differentiated weights for love elements in three relationships, which corresponded to the prototypical love definition in family, romantic, and friend relationships. Findings suggested an integrated theoretical conceptualization of love as a shared feeling and asset across relationships, which provided important insights on love conceptualization, assessment, and study design, as well as implications for the treatment of dysfunctional relationships, best practices in daily interpersonal interactions, and improvement in intervention and therapy.
... As we discovered these ranges of organization characteristics, we began to use them to define the boundaries of the sector. Our data collection process and the categories we used to select and analyze data emerged together (Glaser & Strauss, 1967;Marcus, 2011). For example, we came to distinguish between the sporadic activity of small organizations, perhaps supported by another larger organization, and small temporary projects undertaken by an elite arts organizations that we took to stand outside our emerging definition of the sector. ...
This book is an original study of the youth organizations in London, Toronto, and Vancouver that offer creative and arts learning mainly to youth from diverse and socially marginalized backgrounds. It describes a sector that is often not recognized as such, organizations that don't like being institutionalized, forms of education that exist outside the mainstream, and types of aesthetic expression that often go unrecognized. Rooted in the history of community arts movements, Youthsites are now part of cities around the world.
... L'idée vient des empiristes anglais comme Hume, Bacon, Locke. Ce type d'inférence, déjà présente dans les écrits d'Aristote, est employée par exemple dans la Grounded theory (Glaser et Strauss, 1967). L'induction ne garantit pas la véracité ou la validité de ses énoncés généraux, car l'observation de la réalité ne peut jamais être complète (Chalmers, 1987 (2004, p 184). ...
Parce que des chercheurs en philosophie et en sciences de l’éducation ont postulé qu’il n’y a pas d’éducation sans valeurs à l’école, que les choix dans l’école sont sous-tendus par des valeurs et des normes et qu’il serait dès lors nécessaire d’en expliciter les liens, alors deux hypothèses successives ont été formulées : les valeurs véhiculées par la discipline scolaire « éducation musicale », son histoire, ses attributs, ses programmes (VI 1) et l’histoire des enseignants qui en sont chargés au collège (VI2) sont en lien avec les valeurs de ces mêmes enseignants (VD). A leur tour les valeurs des enseignants d’éducation musicale (VI) interagissent avec leurs manières d’enseigner, leurs choix en classe et hors classe (VD).
Ces deux hypothèses ont structuré nos travaux durant 19 ans, en générant trois questions de recherche générales : 1) quelles sont les valeurs d’enseignants d’éducation musicale de collège dans le système éducatif français 2) Quels est la genèse de ces valeurs (histoire de la discipline scolaire, histoire des enseignants, confrontations et pratiques musicales, rapports à la musique, cursus, préférences musicales, …) 3) Quels sont les choix que font les enseignants d’EM à propos de la classe et enfin dans la classe, lors des activités vocale et d’écoute d’œuvres, sachant que les textes officiels donnent une grande marge de liberté 4) Quelles sont les difficultés des enseignants durant les activités orchestrales ; en quoi sont-elles révélatrices de problèmes de compatibilité entre valeurs et normes, .
Nos travaux sont exploratoires, selon une conception principalement non déterministe (logique inductive, déductive et ponctuellement hypothético-déductive). Trois doubles enquêtes se sont succédées dans une perspective analytique. Les méthodologies d’enquête sont complémentaires : questionnaires, approche historiographique, entretiens d’explicitation, observations de classe filmées, études de cas. Le traitement des éléments collectés est qualitatif (analyse de contenu automatisée et non automatisée, catégorisations, analyse filmique) et quantitatif (statistiques descriptives et inférentielles).
Selon les questions posées les équilibres ou tensions entre les trois catégories du système des valeurs, proposé par Reboul, varient. Plus les questions sont générales (finalités de l’éducation musicale) plus les valeurs moralo-éthiques et esthétiques prédominent. Plus les questions portent sur des activités précises comme l’écoute d’œuvres, plus les valeurs épistémiques sont prédominantes sur les valeurs esthétiques et éthiques. La discipline est déclarée objet de valeur en soi du fait qu’elle permet de favoriser l’accès à la musique pour tous les élèves. Les vertus socialisantes de la pratique collective sont évoquées. L’importance allouée à la transmission de connaissances secondaires très diversifiées (à la fois pratiques et théoriques, savoirs musicaux, notions, et savoir-faire comme chanter, écouter analyser les œuvres, culture savante, populaire, traditionnelle, jazz) est confirmée par les résultats de l’enquête sur les grandes tendances de choix, mais aussi par les études de cas, à propos des activités vocales et d’écoute d’œuvres. Cette transmission est d’autant plus importante que l’objectif de faire en sorte que les élèves parviennent à réaliser les tâches proposées est un des deux premiers, quelle que soit l’activité et bien au-dessus de la volonté de favoriser un rapport aux œuvres qui prenne en compte le ressenti, les émotions. Les valeurs déclarées (1ère enquête) les choix déclarés et actés (2e enquête) semblent activer tour à tour les préférences des enseignants avant le baccalauréat, à l’âge adulte, les connaissances acquises en musicologie à l’université, au conservatoire, dans tous les cas les programmes scolaires. Selon les activités, les choix n’obéissent pas aux mêmes influences. Ces ensembles d’éléments empiriques collectés vont à l’encontre de travaux menés en sociologie qui oublient l’existence d’une éducation musicale scolaire ou mentionnent l’absence de données sur ce que propose l’école. L’hypothèse « haute » est formulée selon laquelle l’éducation musicale (à l’école primaire et au collège) participe, en partie, depuis quelques décennies, à la formation-constitution d’un capital musical scolaire permettant de construire un capital culturel qui pourrait expliquer l’effet du diplôme sur les écoutes musicales des français. L’école pourrait participer à la montée de l’éclectisme des goûts musicaux. Enfin les éléments qui déstabilisent les enseignants recrutés par le conservatoire dans les activités orchestrales du type projets « orchestre à l’école » sont en lien avec cinq problèmes de rapports à des valeurs plus ou moins compatibles entre elles.
Les projets à venir visent dès lors à ajouter à la perspective de modélisation analytique, la perspective systémique autour de deux nouvelles questions : 1) quels sont les rapports intra et interindividuels aux valeurs, normes et choix en classe, tant des enseignants, que des élèves et 2) que font ou produisent ces rapports dans le système des pratiques enseignantes ? Plusieurs hypothèses sont fomulées : la déconstruction de ce que sont et ce que font les rapports intra et interindividuels aux valeurs, aux normes et aux choix permet 1) aux enseignants et aux élèves de favoriser le processus de métacognition ? 2) aux enseignants de vérifier la légitimité scientifique et pédagogique de leurs assujettissements vs non - assujettissement à leurs valeurs et à leurs choix, en lien avec ceux des élèves ? 4) aux élèves d’accepter d’apprendre et d’apprendre à apprendre ? 5) enfin aux chercheurs de mieux discuter les résultats de recherche ?
... The solutions featuring the model were transcribed and divided into episodes corresponding to the main solution steps. In an iterative inductive process (Denzin & Lincoln, 2011), a constant comparison technique (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) was applied to identify the intermediate models that students generated as part of their route towards the final answer. Drawing on the previously presented conceptualization, these models were initially associated with the figural and integral networks, and then generalized into analytical categories that were informed by Blum and Leiss (2005). ...
Mathematics education research has been aware that calculus students can draw on single definite integrals as a model to compute areas (SImA), without minding whether the function changes its sign in the assigned interval. In this study, I take conceptual and empirical steps to understand this phenomenon in more depth. Building on Fischbein’s theory, I conceptualize area as a figural concept and associate its calculation with intra-mathematical modelling routes that pass through the network of figures and integrals. To characterize these routes, I analyzed video clips that students in a large first-year service course in mathematics submitted as part of their coursework. This led to the construction of an analytical cycle explicating the models that students generated when implementing SImA. To appreciate how widespread SImA can be, I use the responses of nearly twelve thousand students in final multiple-choice exams in the same course over a decade. This analysis found that nearly thirty percent of the students chose answers that are consistent with this model of reasoning; in some exams the SImA-options were selected more frequently than the correct answers. Drawing on these findings, I make several teaching-oriented comments about the relations between areas and definite integrals.
... These transcriptions were checked against the original recordings to ensure the accuracy of the transcriptions by one of the researchers. The transcript data were evaluated inductively using the coding model developed by grounded theorists Corbin and Strauss 2008;Glaser 1978;Glaser and Strauss 1967;Strauss 1987. ...
One research university has brought formal training to campus to support women and provide the needed leadership training in a cost-effective manner. Based on a coaching method used at Harvard in their Women's Leadership Forum, our initiative has completed its fifth cycle and provides an on-campus leadership development and support program for women. This paper offers insights into the Women's Leadership Initiative provided by focus group participants and also highlights the overall impact and effectiveness using survey data. Keywords: Women, leadership, higher education, skill-development
... La suficiencia se refiere a la cantidad y rango de participantes para reflejar a la población, mientras que la saturación de información se refiere al punto en el cual la colecta de información deja de generar nueva información. Desde los primeros usos del concepto de "saturación teórica" definida por Glaser & Strauss (1967) se tenía un enfoque de alternar la colecta de información y su análisis, y solamente continuar una vez que se alcance la saturación. Sin embargo, en este caso se plantea que un término más adecuado sería el de "saturación del conocimiento" descrito por Bertaux (1981), que indica como el investigador descubre una mayor cantidad de conocimiento al iniciar sus primeras entrevistas, pero a medida que realiza más entrevistas se logra reconocer los patrones. ...
Artisanal fisheries usually receive less attention from decision-makers and researchers, and have less resources available for research and monitoring, hence they are usually catalogued as data limited fisheries. On the other hand, fishers as direct users make observations of the state of the resources they catch, and accumulate knowledge about their surroundings, that they use empirically for their decision-making about fisheries. In that sense, traditional ecological knowledge from fishers is a source of information that can be useful for research and fisheries management, specially for data limited fisheries. This work researched about how information from traditional ecological knowledge from fishers could complement other fisheries information. For this, 155 interviews with artisanal fishers from five fishing communities in northern Peru were conducted during 2019. Abundance indexes were reconstructed for these communities for cabrilla, cachema, jurel, atún and bonito, which had significatively reduced between 1960 and 2010. Likewise, a time series of the maximum catches per trip were reconstructed from fishers’ memory, which showed fish catches peaks in the past for merluza, atún, cachema and cabrilla, however for cachema these peaks were more recent. It is recommended that in future studies further research is undertaken about the units of fishing effort and their evolution over time to be able to have more precise trends on abundance. Finally, it is proposed that this approach can be replicated by others to collect information that could be useful for other research and to provide recommendations for fisheries management.
... Although originally GT researchers had been advised to avoid contaminating the emerging theory by consulting literature, in this case, where texts provided the data, remaining sensitive to pre-existing theories and secondary data helped the process of comparing, interpreting and recognising patterns to guide the sampling process (Thornberg, 2012;Chun, Birks & Francis, 2019). An iterative theoretical sampling method was used to move repeatedly between sampling, data collection and analysis to reveal patterns until saturation was reached (Glaser & Strauss, 2006). To secure reliability and validity, it was necessary to reflect regularly on whether the researcher was remaining unbiased, critical and circumspect to avoid the "extant literature (from) … strong-arm(ing) the data in a particular direction" (Thornberg, 2012: 5). ...
One of the main reasons proposed for the widespread community protests in South Africa has been ineffective service delivery by local municipalities. The growing frustration of citizens has led to violent unrest, damage to infrastructure, service payment boycotts and litigation. Official reports have highlighted weaknesses including flawed governance, financial management, operational processes, and inter-governmental relations. This also applies to environmental health services (EHS) which is an intrinsic part of municipal health services, despite being the first line of defence in protecting the population against environmental risks. This grounded theory study, which forms part of a PhD dissertation, applied an integrative literature review to identify the fundamentals of effective environmental health service delivery. Four factors emerged: mandate cognisance; mandate execution; leadership support; and community satisfaction. Using the Schutte-dendrogram technique, the prerequisites for effective preventive environmental health services were explored and a conceptual model with sub-components was constructed. Viewing the model through a systems theory lens underscored the relational aspect of effectiveness. Rather than each factor independently contributing to effective service delivery, the interconnections and reliance on collaboration, communication, and contingencies among them lead to success. A strength or inadequacy in one of the four fundamental domains affects all the others, allowing progress or deterioration to permeate the entire system to enhance or weaken goal achievement. Improving the effectiveness of local government basic services thus requires a holistic view of the organisational system and the relational nature thereof.
... The six junior researchers coded the interviews, and the senior researcher supervised the process and organized regular meetings to ensure a standardized process. Using grounded theory and comparative methods [49], a junior and senior researcher (one per state) interpreted the data and were in constant communication to guarantee validity. ...
A massive incorporation of ultra-processed products into young children’s diets worldwide and in Mexico has been documented. The aim of this study is to understand the role of sociocultural factors in principal caregivers’ decisions to give a type of ultra-processed food to children under age five, called ‘comida chatarra’ (‘junk food’ in English), usually includes sugar-sweetened beverages, sweet and salty snacks, and sweet breakfast cereals. We conducted a descriptive, observational qualitative study. The research was conducted in urban and rural communities in two Mexican states. Twenty-four principal caregivers were equally distributed between the two states and types of communities. They were interviewed in person. Phenomenology underpinned this study. Results highlight the preponderant role of culture in food choices and feeding practices with junk food. Local culture influences child-feeding with ultra-processed products through social norms, knowledge, or socially constructed attitudes. These social norms, built in the context of abundant ultra-processed products and omnipresent marketing, ‘justify’ children’s consumption of junk food. They acquire these products from the principal caregivers, family members, and neighbors, among others, who reward and pamper them. These actors also define what amount (small amounts) and when (after meals as snacks) children are given these products. Cultural factors must be considered in the development of effective public policies and programs that aim to change the culture around ultra-processed products among children and avoid their consumption.
... Esta investigación no buscó realizar "análisis de contenido" en sentido estricto, ya que esta es una técnica que en su origen buscaba la descripción objetiva, sistemática y cuantitativa del contenido manifiesto de la comunicación, en nuestro caso el conjunto de métodos y el procedimiento de análisis de la información se enfocó en los sentidos de los textos y los contextos de comunicación en los que se produce. La estrategia de análisis de los datos tomó elementos de la teoría fundamentada, principalmente del método comparativo constante propuesto originalmente por Glaser y Strauss (1967), donde la recomendación es que el investigador comience con un área de estudio y en el proceso permita identificar lo que es relevante para dicha área. ...
En este trabajo de investigación se busca analizar el proceso de homogenización de los programas sociales de lucha contra la pobreza que se implementan en América Latina. Se seleccionaron cuatro Programas de Transferencias de Ingreso Condicionadas: Oportunidades (México), Bolsa Familia (Brasil) Chile Solidario (Chile), y el Programa Familias por la Inclusión Social (Argentina). Cada caso presenta una trayectoria que lo vuelve particular a partir de un contexto que le es exclusivo. Y todos ellos se relacionan con un campo institucional que participa en la definición de las formas de abordar la pobreza. Aquí participan organismos internacionales y otros actores de injerencia como la academia y organizaciones no gubernamentales, entre otros. La presión que ejerce el campo organizacional sobre el contexto permite analizar las distintas trayectorias. A partir de la relación con el campo organizacional, las características de los programas se fueron modificando, lo cual los tornó cada vez más homogéneos. El caso mexicano justificó su diseño a partir de la necesidad de hacer llegar la política social a los sectores más pobres y vulnerables, principalmente a los rurales, ya que durante años el Estado no había logrado llegar a ellos, fundamentalmente por el bajo nivel de profesionalismo y por el importante uso político clientelar de los programas sociales anteriores. En el Programa Bolsa Familia, de Brasil, la presión normativa se ejerció a partir de profesionales formados por la burocracia estatal, pero también tuvo importancia un proceso mimético con la incorporación de condicionalidades −con un formato similar al Oportunidades− y la coerción de los organismos internacionales en el diseño de la evaluación y los sistemas de información.
En el caso del Programa Chile Solidario –en el cual la definición de política social propuesta por la dictadura tiene aún un peso preponderante− la presión más fuerte fue de tipo normativo y coercitivo, e incorporó los componentes de transferencia condicionada a partir de la sugerencia de un organismo financiado, que sumó su diseño particular. En Argentina, en el Programa Familias por la Inclusión Social tuvieron injerencia tanto la presión mimética como la coercitiva. Este programa adoptó su diseño a partir de la posibilidad de acceso al financiamiento internacional para dar respuesta veloz a la población en situación de pobreza poscrisis económica de 2001. El equipo técnico debió reacomodarse a las nuevas exigencias, lo que generó un mimetismo frágil.
... -underpinned the work. Preliminary taxonomies, outlines or webs of meaning drawn from Cady Stanton's writings, preserved her way of thinking about issues and provided a starting point for a constant-comparison approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) through which reading less relevant writings (which had not been analyzed) refined findings. Using this approach preserved ideas in Cady Stanton's own voice, which made it possible to liberally quote from her writings. ...
Historical discussions of social justice in education and its impact on society tend to focus on Brown v. TheBoard of Education (1954), as an antidote to Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which enshrined the infamous"separate but equal" dictum for racially segregated schools. One person rarely considered in the discussion,yet critical because of her enormous public influence in her day, is Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Most knowCady Stanton as a founder of the Women's Movement in America , and as an advocate for women.However, Cady Stanton also provided a well-documented, systematically developed theory on social justicein education. This surprised us, since her work received enormous scrutiny when feminists of the 1960s and1970s worked to unearth forgotten women. Believing that advancing women's place in educational thoughtrequires understanding the contributions of women to educational thought, we set out to understand CadyStanton's philosophy of social justice in education.
... This is followed by clustering categories into more general conceptual constructs which may result from prior themes or emerge from the analysis itself (Spiggle, 1994). During the analysis process, a continuous comparison of themes was considered to identify similarities and differences between incidents (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). ...
This study offers a nuanced understanding of how local consumers experience, interpret and acculturate to expatriates’ practices within a multicultural marketplace. We adopt Demangeot et al.'s (2019) bridge framework and its marketplace domains (security, visibility, opportunity, utility, intercultural competence, and cultural navigability) to unpack locals’ consumption patterns and experiences that produce multicultural tensions or multicultural engagement that contributes to locals’ well‐being. Data were collected via 2 focus groups and 20 in‐depth interviews with local consumers in Qatar. The findings offer several theoretical and managerial insights that could enrich the scant literature on acculturation of local minorities within multicultural non‐homogenous societies and enhance our understanding of how local consumers engage with culturally different experiences.
... These generalisations often take the form of typologies, 'typified' kinds of social role and social process. Glaser and Strauss (1967) used the idea of 'status passage'; in this volume a distinction has been between blocked and nonblocked life journeys, and between inadequate and sufficient levels of reflexivity, among others. Our conclusions (presented in Chapter Fifteen of this volume) support such relatively abstract typologies and, and Appendix A provides a rationale for such work. ...
... Data analysis and the emergence of grounded theory: data analysis in ethnographic research is often described as an analytic and intuitive process which is meant to interpret, structure, relate and generally give meaning to the events being described, the researched community and its culture (Strauss and Corbin 1994). Grounded theory approach (Glaser and Strauss 1967) rests on a commitment to develop theory from and in relation to data. Those adopting this approach often enter the field with a general question, and then gradually focus their inquiry and develop a substantive theoretical model as they implement a repetitive cycle of data-collection-coding-interpretation (Hutchinson 1988). ...
This ethnographic study delineates the experiences of immigrant families living in London as they engage with local schools. The findings chapters of the dissertation explore issues of access, by following the parents as they enter London’s educational marketplace and as they choose a school for their children. The study portrays the process of educational choice from their perspective as newcomers, highlighting their positioning in the educational marketplace and the significance of their skills and resources as educational consumers.
The findings reveal eight types of capitals that these families draw on as they engage with the education market. These are: cultural properties, social resources, identities, symbolic assets, psychological empowerment, cognitive capacities, economic means and statutory positioning. The analyses highlight the development that occurred in the choosers’ consumerist skills over time, suggesting that there may be a way to empower disadvantaged choosers to obtain improved positions as educational consumers.
A central theme in this study is the occurrence of a communal pattern of schooling among this group of families. Searching for the factors that occasion segregation in education, the focus of the research shifted to explore the role of the choosers’ networks. The findings suggest that by using various control mechanisms, these networks engendered a continual pattern of schooling resulting in segregation and closure.
‘Choosing schools – choosing identities’ stands for the main argument of this study which states that the choice of school, as an act of consumerism, represents the choosers’ collective identities, and at the same time plays a significant role in reinventing these identities.
... In this work, the constant hermeneutic interplay between observation and explanation has refined the research focus over time, evolving into theories that are grounded in the experience of hypothesizing and revision. Social research following 18 such inductive reasoning are applying the so called Grounded Theory (Glaser and Strauss 1967, Strauss and Corbin 1994, De Vaus 2002. The research at hand furthermore is mainly descriptive aiming to provide a nomothetic review of the subject from a structural functionalist perspective, analyzing and emphasizing the characteristics and interdependencies between the system components under consideration. ...
In the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan water conservation has become a top priority of the national water strategy, attempting to reduce the demand for this scarce and increasingly expensive resource. This thesis aims to investigate options and opportunities for water conservation at household level in Amman. In fact, the suitability, affordability and acceptability of the different water conservation techniques varies with the socio-economic circumstances of their implementation. The low, middle and high income group of the society have been identified as rather homogenous subgroups in respect to their water consumption patterns, lifestyles and attitudes. The subgroups vary significantly in their perception and burden of the socio-economic cost associated to the distinct conservation techniques, resulting in large differences of their current and potential degree of adaptation. Household surveys and informal interviews were conducted to complement and update existing research on this topic and to draw an inclusive picture of the context for water conservation in Amman. The potential savings of the single techniques at household level, per income group and on city scale were assessed in order to provide suggestions for targeted demand management actions, tailored to the opportunities and constraints within the three subgroups. If the potential coverage of the suggested water conservation techniques was achieved, the domestic water consumption by the city of Amman could be reduced by 29% according to the results of this research.
... For this study, researchers will consider saturation, as proposed by Glaser and Strauss [24], where researchers will continue to interview new participants until data have reached sufficient consistency to meet the initial objectives. The criteria to decide when to stop sampling the different groups pertinent to a category is when data about a construct reveal no new properties nor yield any further theoretical insights regarding the phenomenon of study whereby researchers can develop properties of each category. ...
Peer review supports the integrity and quality of scientific publishing. However, although it is a fundamental part of the publishing process, peer review can also be challenging for reviewers, editors, and other stakeholders. The present study aims to explore the nurses’ motivations, barriers, and facilitators in engaging in a peer review process. This qualitative, descriptive exploratory study will be developed in partnerships with three research centers. Researchers followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist to ensure the quality of this study protocol. According to the selection criteria, the purposive sampling will be used to recruit nurse researchers that act as peer reviewers for several scientific journals in various fields of knowledge. Interviews will be conducted until data have been sufficiently consistent with meeting the initial objectives. Researchers will develop a guide comprising a set of open-ended questions to collect participants’ characteristics, descriptive review behavior, and perceptions regarding their motivations, barriers, and facilitators. Researchers will analyze data using an inductive process of content analysis with the help of the QDA Miner Lite database. Findings from this study will generate knowledge that may help stakeholders identify facilitating factors and barriers and guide the development of strategies to remove or minimize these barriers.
... Qualitatively, the content analysis built on the lesson plans deposited in the professional practice report is the route to understand various aspects of the studied practices. Through a process of constant comparison [43], we identify features of the structure underlying these practices. ...
This paper analyzes a cohort of 128 pre-service educators teaching the concept of numbers to 4–5 year old children. Through a professional practice report, which educators elaborate on during the last year of teaching training, we have constructed a dichotomous guide to examine content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, curricular content knowledge, and reflective practice categories in their teaching practice. A Bernoulli statistical analysis and the k-means algorithm applied to a sample of 51 lesson plans collected from practice reports leads us to conclude that there is a weak integration of knowledge categories in educators’ practice and suggests how to improve their teaching–learning process.
... Third, a more exploratory or prospective research design should be adopted to explore how mentoring affects emotional labor strategies. For example, a grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967;Strauss & Corbin, 1998) can be used to identify the processes by which different types of mentoring promote work engagement through emotional labor strategies, using interview data in future research. ...
Previous studies suggest that mentoring promotes employees' learning and development at work. However, only a few studies have explored how mento-ring influences emotional labor and work engagement. Drawing on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, this study explores how different types of mentoring (i.e., psychosocial support, career development, and role modeling) affect work engagement through deep and surface acting. Using a two-wave survey data from employees of 14 Japanese hospitals (n = 336), we conducted a structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses. The results showed that psychosocial support directly and indirectly promoted work engagement through deep acting, while role modeling indirectly promoted work engagement by minimizing surface acting. Career development had no significant effect on emotional labor strategies or work engagement. This study contributes to the literature by identifying the process by which two types of mentoring, as job resources, facilitate work engagement through deep and surface acting.
... To set up our study, we followed the case study protocol prescribed by Eisenhardt (1989) and applied an abductive approach to combine, explore, challenge and reconstruct relationships between the theory and the data 250 (Dubois & Gadde, 2002). Thus, to manage our study, we followed the principle of "constant comparison" described by Glaser and Strauss (1967). We used empirical replication to see where and when the same patterns emerge (Bamberger, 2019) to ensure internal reliability (Woodman, 2014). ...
Today, the factors that influence EIF international trajectory
remain underexplored. Recently a new research perspective
has encouraged using the microfoundations of dynamic capabilities
to better understand EIFs’ international high-growth. To
respond to that research opportunity, we explored the case of 10
15 high-growth EIFs using an abductive method. We found the
existence of two feedback loops that seem to be at the origin of
EIFs’ international high-growth: one related to international
commercial intensity and the other, to international expansion.
Then, we propose an integrative model based on the micro- 15
foundations of dynamic capabilities to understand how some
EIFs are experiencing international high-growth. Finally, we
offer managers some key recommendations regarding human
resources and how to manage them during EIFs’ international
high-growth trajectory and for guaranteeing organizational 20
planning and agility.
Background
Diabetes and hypertension are increasingly important population health challenges in Eswatini. Prior to this project, healthcare for these conditions was primarily provided through physician-led teams at tertiary care facilities and accessed by only a small fraction of people living with diabetes or hypertension. This trial tests and evaluates two community-based healthcare service models implemented at the national level, which involve health care personnel at primary care facilities and utilize the country’s public sector community health worker cadre (the rural health motivators [RHMs]) to help generate demand for care.
Methods
This study is a cluster-randomized controlled trial with two treatment arms and one control arm. The unit of randomization is a primary healthcare facility along with all RHMs (and their corresponding service areas) assigned to the facility. A total of 84 primary healthcare facilities were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to the three study arms. The first treatment arm implements differentiated service delivery (DSD) models at the clinic and community levels with the objective of improving treatment uptake and adherence among clients with diabetes or hypertension. In the second treatment arm, community distribution points (CDPs), which previously targeted clients living with human immunodeficiency virus, extend their services to clients with diabetes or hypertension by allowing them to pick up medications and obtain routine nurse-led follow-up visits in their community rather than at the healthcare facility. In both treatment arms, RHMs visit households regularly, screen clients at risk, provide personalized counseling, and refer clients to either primary care clinics or the nearest CDP. In the control arm, primary care clinics provide diabetes and hypertension care services but without the involvement of RHMs and the implementation of DSD models or CDPs. The primary endpoints are mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and systolic blood pressure among adults aged 40 years and older living with diabetes or hypertension, respectively. These endpoints will be assessed through a household survey in the RHM service areas. In addition to the health impact evaluation, we will conduct studies on cost-effectiveness, syndemics, and the intervention’s implementation processes.
Discussion
This study has the ambition to assist the Eswatini government in selecting the most effective delivery model for diabetes and hypertension care. The evidence generated with this national-level cluster-randomized controlled trial may also prove useful to policy makers in the wider Sub-Saharan African region.
Trial registration
NCT04183413. Trial registration date: December 3, 2019
Toda formación tiene que ser sencillamente “investigativa”, la capacidad de asombro innata de los seres humanos se está perdiendo y debe ser recuperada, incluso, o sobre todo “para la comprensión, para el mundo de la vida cotidiana, para la construcción de la disposición al pensamiento crítico”, porque la investigación es realmente “una función inherente y fundamental del ser humano”
Objectives: There are several definitions of strengths within psychology, united by a common theme: strengths are what people do best and most easily. Research shows that actively using strengths provides a range of benefits, and suggests that strengths-based coaching is a valuable approach. This study’s purpose was to investigate strengths-based coaching using qualitative methods, concentrating on the experience of the coachee.
Design: The study explored what happened when six women in financial services practised using their strengths at work, through a coaching intervention and the VIA strengths inventory. Through three semi-structured interviews centred around a coaching intervention, participants described their experience using strengths, and the effects of greater awareness and practice of strengths.
Methods: The data was analysed using grounded theory. The value of strengths emerged as the central phenomenon, consisting of eight sub-themes: positive emotion, inspiring action, attention to the positive, feeling authentic, awareness of own value, valuing difference, sense of achievement and positive reflections from others.
Results: The study found that all participants derived value from using strengths. This appeared to lead to a ‘virtuous circle’: this positive benefit reduced the intervening factors that previously impeded using strengths. The virtuous circle was not identical for each participant, but all experienced it.
Conclusions: The study finds ways in which women may use strengths and gain value from using strengths in the workplace. This has practical implications for those wishing to improve their workplace experience and increase engagement with work, and for those who coach and employ them.
Based on boundary theory, the present study examines how entrepreneurs manage and create boundaries between their personal and work lives. An in-depth interview with 30 entrepreneurs working and residing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) provided the basis for this qualitative study. Using purposeful sampling, the author selected diverse interviewees in terms of age, nationality, and gender, as well as the type of their businesses. In general, interviewees believe pursuing an entrepreneurial career has improved their lives. Some people, however, wonder whether it is possible to maintain adequate levels of WLB while managing entrepreneurial enterprises in the UAE. In other words, passion for what they do and a willingness to disregard boundaries are characteristics of some entrepreneurs who prioritize their work over their family lives. In contrast, it is negatively correlated with long working hours and maintaining a profitable entrepreneurial business for an extended period. In recent years, entrepreneurship has attracted much research attention because of its growing popularity as a career option. In spite of this, we know little about the WLB challenges UAE entrepreneurs face. The present study employs boundary theory to comprehand practical border management approaches and address this crucial research gap.
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo el analizar y representar la relación entre la gestión de calidad total, la estrategia corporativa y las operaciones de negocio. En este trabajo de investigación se trata de determinar el impacto de la gestión de la calidad total a nivel estratégico y operacional de los negocios y en consecuencia se busca que los temas desarrollados sean de interés para los gerentes de las organizaciones, o para quienes desean mover sus programas de calidad para incrementar e influir en las mejoras operativas, en primer lugar, se aborda el proceso de estrategia y, en segundo lugar, el de las operaciones de negocio. La metodología inductiva y el de la teoría fundamentada de investigación son utilizadas en este documento, se describe el desarrollo de una serie de modelos, que muestran la interacción dinámica entre la gestión de calidad total, la estrategia y las operaciones. Se concluye que los modelos constituyen un marco apropiado para seguir las investigaciones de caso en una profundidad basada en el área de la gestión de calidad total, la estrategia y operaciones de negocio.
İktisadi geriliğin nedenlerini ahlak ve zihniyet bağlamında tahlil eden Ülgener, ‘İktisadi Çözülmenin Ahlak ve Zihniyet Dünyası’ adlı eserinde, bir sosyolog edası ile dönemin edebi ve dini yazınlarını titizlikle irdelemiştir. Ülgener, ekonomide istenilen girişimcilik düzeyinin ortaya çıkmamasının ve ekonomideki gerilemenin nedenlerini ahlak ve zihniyet ile ilişkilendirmiş ve bu çerçevede Orta çağ insanını, Orta çağ ahlakını ve kapitalizmin ruhunu aynı potada bir araya getirerek incelemiştir. Bu çalışmada, Ülgener’in eserinde bahsi geçen kavramların anlamlarını ve metin içerisinde temellendirilmiş yaklaşımın açıklanmasını sağlamak için ‘gömülü teori’ (grounded theory) yöntemi ve açıklayıcı analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, eserde konu edilen iktisadi çözülmenin hem ahlak hem de zihniyet bileşenlerine ulaşılmıştır. Buna göre, insanların Orta çağ kültüründe de kapitalizmi içlerinde barındırdıkları, Orta çağ ahlakı ve kapitalizmin ruhu altında zihniyeti ve ahlakı şekillenen insanın bu özelliğinin, tipik Orta çağ iktisadında kendisini gösterdiği görülmüştür. Zihniyetteki gelişim ile birlikte, dış gelişmelerin ve değişen konjonktürel ortamın etkisi ile, tüm diğer bileşenlerin bir sinerji oluşturarak iktisadi çözülmede etkin olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca çözülme sürecinin anlık olmadığı ve farklı dönemlerde farklı şiddetlerde kendisini gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. İktisadi çözülmenin ekonomik kavramdan öte sosyolojik bazı dinamikleri de içerisinde barındırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler iktisadi bağlamda değerlendirildiğinde zaman zaman tekrar eden iktisadi başarısızlıkların nedenlerine ışık tutması bakımından yardımcı bir kaynak olacağı düşünülmüştür.
El artículo analiza las percepciones de la población beneficiaria sobre las Becas 6000 en Andalucía (España), un pionero programa de transferencias de rentas condicionadas a resultados educativos limitado a estudiantes de secundaria postobligatoria procedentes de familias de muy escasos recursos. Se ha desarrollado una estrategia cualitativa sustentada en 33 entrevistas en profundidad. El material fue analizado siguiendo procedimientos de la teoría fundamentada. Los análisis revelan dos sentidos principales. Por una parte, la percepción de las becas como un instrumento de equidad en el apoyo a estudiantes con mayores necesidades económicas, aunque se cuestiona su limitada cobertura y escasa flexibilidad. Además, la beca se valora como un recurso facilitador de nuevas inversiones en educación y como un recurso básico al servicio de la economía doméstica. Por otra parte, las becas se entienden como un instrumento efectivo para incentivar el esfuerzo y el rendimiento académico. En suma, la beca 6000 se valora como un buen recurso, solidario, justo y necesario, conjugándose los principios de equidad y eficiencia cuya interiorización por parte de la población beneficiaria contribuye a la adhesión y compromiso con el programa.
İktisadi geriliğin nedenlerini ahlak ve zihniyet bağlamında tahlil eden Ülgener, ‘İktisadi Çözülmenin Ahlak ve Zihniyet Dünyası’ adlı eserinde, bir sosyolog edası ile dönemin edebi ve dini yazınlarını titizlikle irdelemiştir. Ülgener, ekonomide istenilen girişimcilik düzeyinin ortaya çıkmamasının ve ekonomideki gerilemenin nedenlerini ahlak ve zihniyet ile ilişkilendirmiş ve bu çerçevede orta çağ insanını, orta çağ ahlakını ve kapitalizmin ruhunu aynı potada bir araya getirerek incelemiştir. Bu çalışmada, Ülgener’in eserinde bahsi geçen kavramların anlamlarını ve metin içerisinde temellendirilmiş yaklaşımın açıklanmasını sağlamak için ‘gömülü teori’ (grounded theory) yöntemi ve açıklayıcı analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda eserde işlenmiş olan iktisadi çözülmenin hem ahlak hem de zihniyet bileşenlerine ulaşılmış olup, buna göre insanların orta çağ kültüründe de kapitalizmi içlerinde barındırdıkları, orta çağ ahlakı ve kapitalizmin ruhu altında zihniyeti ve ahlakı şekillenen insanın bu özelliğinin tipik orta çağ iktisadında kendisini gösterdiği, zihniyet ile birlikte dış gelişmelerin ve değişen konjonktürel ortamın etkisi ile birlikte, tüm bileşenlerin bir sinerji oluşturarak iktisadi çözülmede etkin olduğu, çözülme sürecinin anlık olmadığı ve farklı dönemlerde farklı şiddetlerde kendisini gösterdiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
For most Muslim women, it is these changing circumstances, this ebb and flow in the fortunes of Muslim communities that they have had to negotiate and which the young generation of Muslim women growing up in this country are now confronting. This generation of respondents perceived that there is a lack of comprehension by the older generation of the teachings of the Qu'ran. They believe that this older generation is bound by culture rather than religion while they themselves, are more educated and aware of the 'precise' teachings of Islam.
Most of the research on rural youth has focused on the material conditions that cause their migration to cities, but it has not tended to address sociocultural dimensions, such as those concerning leisure and what might condition the processes of migration among young people. The aim of this study is to contrast the discourse and representations that young people have regarding leisure with the festive practices that they carry out in Spanish villages. The fieldwork consisted of 13 discussion groups and 38 in‐depth interviews (N = 118), with participants aged between 15 and 24 years. The results show that: (1) young people construct their idea of partying through dominant, dichotomous and unequal rural–urban representations, demonstrating the presence of traditional stereotypes around rurality; (2) the village becomes desirable as a place for partying at specific times of the year, such as local festivals; (3) the practices of rural youth call into question this normative imaginary, as is also shown by their adaptation, belonging and agency in the construction and management of leisure. Getting rid of stereotypes about rurality and creating positive thinking about the leisure possibilities in villages can lead young people to see it as a space for opportunities and personal development.
This article discusses the difficulties of people whose sense of personal identity does not correspond with their assigned gender and who are recipients of welfare services, particularly of the Public Assistance (PA) system, in Japan. Semi-structured interview data from 3 cases and data of 36 visitors to an NGO in Tokyo supporting impoverished people were analyzed. We argue that the underlying cause for the difficulties experienced by transgender/gender-nonconforming people using the PA system is the cisgenderism built into the welfare system. Reviewing the recent developments in the PA system of Tokyo, focusing particularly on temporary accommodations, we reveal how cisgenderism works in the everyday operations of the welfare system. Analyzing the cases, we realized that the welfare office assigns the gender identity to PA applicants, which does not always correspond to their self-identity, based on which welfare services, including home-visit nursing and temporary accommodations, are provided. We also argue that temporary accommodations provided through PA are usually based on the binary conception of gender and gender segregation, and thus, combined with misgendering, fail to safely accommodate gender-nonconforming people who are homeless. In conclusion, we claim that within the recent developments in the PA system, transgender and gender-nonconforming people have been systematically excluded. We also propose that, to reduce the difficulties of gender-nonconforming people, merely enhancing welfare officers' knowledge and understanding of sexual minorities is not enough; there is a greater need for the deconstruction of cisgenderism rooted in welfare systems.
This study examines the impact of industrial relocation on gender relations in the Tanger–Tetouan–Al Hoceima region of Morocco. Having detected the importance of diversity among workers in relocated industry, our objective is to show how the global process shapes the local. To this end, we carried out 114 biographical interviews with relocated industry workers in the aforementioned region, which we analysed using grounded theory, identifying the ways in which gender relations are interconnected with global dynamics. The key dimensions that emerged in our analysis as interacting with gender were marital status, occupational status, and the status of being an internal migrant to a major industrial city or a native. This intersectional perspective acquires meaning in a theoretical scheme that shows the global–local interconnection and the importance of social action. We identify two profiles located at opposite poles in terms of privilege and access to resources, as well as a range of cases in between that illustrate the configuration of social and employment realities in the relocated industry: married men with middle to high occupational status, born in Tangier or Tetouan, and single women with low occupational status born in depressed areas of the country.
This chapter presents and justifies the sample and methods by focusing on thematic analysis and the constant comparison method. The sample consists of the top news sites in China, Russia, and Mexico that offer the opportunity for commenting and from which the comments could be retrieved for the period November 2016–July 2020. The contextual peculiarities of the three countries are explored: (1) Recent relationship with Trump and the USA. (2) Democratic development and freedom of speech. (3) The role of the Internet as a tool for political discussions. The chapter also presents the questions emanating from the main research question: What is the nature of online political discussions about a global personality such as Donald Trump and a global power such as the USA?
Purpose
To gain a deeper understanding of healthcare workers experiences during COVID-19 using an anonymous, web-based, audio narrative platform.
Methods
Data were collected from healthcare workers in the midwestern United States using a web-enabled audio diary approach. Participant recordings were analysed using a narrative coding and conceptualization process derived from grounded theory coding techniques.
Results
Fifteen healthcare workers, in direct patient care or non-patient care roles, submitted 18 audio narratives. Two paradoxical themes emerged: 1) A paradox of distress and meaningfulness, where a harsh work environment resulted in psychological distress while simultaneously resulting in new rewarding experiences, sense of purpose and positive outlooks. 2) A paradox of social isolation and connection, where despite extreme isolation, healthcare workers formed intense and meaningful interpersonal connections with patients and colleagues in new ways.
Conclusions
A web-enabled audio diary approach provided an opportunity for healthcare workers to reflect deeper on their experiences without investigator influence, which led to some unique findings. Paradoxically, amid social isolation and extreme distress, a sense of value, meaning and rewarding human connections emerged. These findings suggest that interventions addressing healthcare worker burnout and distress might be enhanced by leveraging naturally occurring positive experiences as much as mitigating negative ones.
Despite efforts to make school science appealing, students’ negative attitude toward it persists globally. This qualitative study elucidates how and why undergraduate students in Japan had declining attitudes toward school science during primary and secondary school. Twenty-two first- and second-year students at a Japanese national university participated in small focus group discussions. Data sources were the participants’ focus group data and written accounts on factors that influenced their attitudes toward school science. The grounded theory approach was applied to code the data, which resulted in 42 codes under 11 domains. As the analysis progressed from lower to higher grades, the domains diversified and the frequency of codes increased. The resulting hypothetical model comprising 10 code domains reveals the complex interrelationships that cause attitudinal decline toward school science. ‘Understanding’ is positioned at the centre of the model, thus indicating the importance of cognitive aspects when considering this affective issue. The findings indicate that the development of two teaching methods is urgent: a mathematics-centric approach and innovative hands-on learning.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Zoombombing emerged as a new form of online disruption/harassment characterized by unintended and unsolicited virtual visits by both strangers and known individuals via Zoom. The current study utilizes a grounded theory-based qualitative analysis of over 1,000 posts on Reddit to explore discussions around Zoombombing victimization incidents. This paper reveals how Zoombombing victimization subreddits function as communities for sharing victimization stories, user perceptions, and support while further developing a space that promotes informal justice online. The implications include an enhanced understanding of how Zoombombing occurs and the role of online forums and cyberpolicing tools in preventing and discussing victimization.
Implementing the circular economy (CE) through the design of a restorative industrial system is a major challenge. This study investigates the capabilities that underpin the circular competitive advantages of firms in the textile and clothing industry in Italy, which is one of the country's most polluting sectors. We have developed a framework of dynamic capabilities needed for circular transition, using the theoretical lenses of a natural‐resource‐based view. Using a multiple‐case study, the strategies of pollution prevention, product stewardship, and sustainable development and the associated capabilities of sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring are investigated. Internal practices, the role of the downstream actors in the supply chain, co‐creation dynamics with external actors, and the social potential of the CE emerge as key factors. Managers may also benefit from our recommendations aimed at increasing the environmental performance of their firms and scaling up their born‐circular businesses.
Dieses Kapitel vermittelt folgende Lernziele: Wissen, was man unter wissenschaftlicher Datenerhebung versteht und wie sie sich von nicht-wissenschaftlicher Datensammlung unterscheidet. Qualitative und quantitative Beobachtungsmethoden charakterisieren und anwenden können. Qualitative und quantitative Interviewtechniken erläutern und einsetzen können. Qualitative und quantitative selbstadministrierte Fragebogenmethoden differenzieren und entsprechende Fragebögen entwickeln können. Unterschiedliche Arten von projektiven und psychometrischen psychologischen Tests voneinander abgrenzen können und wissen, was bei Testanwendung und Testentwicklung zu beachten ist. Wichtige physiologische Messverfahren für unterschiedliche Organsysteme (z. B. Hirnaktivität, Herz-Kreislauf-Aktivität, elektrodermale Aktivität) in ihren Grundlagen beschreiben und ihrer Aussagekraft einschätzen können. Verschiedene Formen der qualitativen und quantitativen Dokumentenanalyse unterscheiden und dabei insbesondere das Vorgehen bei einer qualitativen und einer quantitativen Inhaltsanalyse vorgefundener Dokumente schildern können. Die Besonderheiten und Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Datenerhebungsmethoden abwägen und die für ein konkretes Forschungsproblem passende(n) Datenerhebungsmethode(n) auswählen können.
The Net Promoter Score (NPS) is a frequently used metric by businesses, but academics remain critical. This article describes how the NPS works, which aspects are viewed skeptically by the academic community, and why it is worthwhile to take a closer look at the NPS and its applications. With the help of a basic text-mining approach, we shed light on the reasons promoters, passives, and detractors communicate about their NPS ratings in the insurance industry. The extraction of potential NPS antecedents is one of the achievements of this study, and the following significant factors influencing NPS ratings have been identified: (1) customer satisfaction; (2) price-to-performance ratio and value-for-money; (3) service quality; (4) claims handling; (5) hassle-free insurance; (6) contact person on-site and (7) the refusal to engage in insurance-related Word-of-Mouth (WOM) behavior. Our research indicates that there might be general antecedents of the NPS as well as industry-specific ones. The study will give managers and academics fresh insights on how to use NPS as a brand health metric, researching all potential customers.
The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is increasing around the world, with contemporary trends outpacing scientific understanding of the health implications. Such trends include do-it-yourself eJuice mixing (DIY eJuice), which involves the unregulated homemade mixing of fogging agents, nicotine salts, and flavorants to create personalized liquid for ENDS products. The purpose of this study was to employ a grounded theory approach to gather formative data on the communicative processes surrounding the behavior of DIY eJuice mixing among international, young adult ENDS users. Participants were recruited locally for mini focus group discussions via SONA (n = 4) and internationally for an open-ended survey via Prolific (n = 138). Questions explored experiences with the online DIY eJuice community, motivations for mixing, information seeking strategies, flavor preferences, and perceived benefits of mixing. Thematic analysis and flow sketching revealed the underlying processes of social cognitive theory to explain the communicative processes of DIY eJuice mixing behaviors. Specifically, environmental determinants emerged in the form of online and social influences; personal determinants in the form of curiosity and control; and behavioral determinants following a benefits/barriers analysis, particularly regarding cost. These findings provide theoretical implications for the role of health communication constructs in understanding contemporary trends in ENDS use and practical implications for tobacco prevention messaging and tobacco control regulations.
Background:
Unexplained chest pain is a common condition in medical settings. Nurses usually coordinate the rehabilitation of patients. Physical activity is recommended; however, it is one of the major avoidance behaviours in patients with coronary heart disease. There is a need for a deeper understanding of the transition that patients with unexplained chest pain undergo during physical activity.
Aim:
To develop deeper understanding about experiences of transition in patients with unexplained chest pain during physical activity.
Design:
Secondary qualitative analysis of data from three exploratory studies.
Method:
Meleis et al.'s transition theory was used as a framework for the secondary analysis.
Findings:
The transition was complex and multidimensional. The participants experienced personal processes of change toward health within the illness, corresponding to indicators of healthy transitions.
Conclusion:
The process can be identified as a transition from an uncertain and often sick role to a healthy role. Knowledge regarding transition promotes a person-centred approach in which patients' perspectives are included. Nurses and other health professionals can better direct and plan the caring and rehabilitation of patients with unexplained chest pain by deepening their knowledge of the transition process based on physical activity.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.