The impact of grazing when parcelled into individual grazing factors provides practical ideas to make decisions about the kind of animals, stocking rates, seasonal grazing, range inputs and vegetational manipulations etc. Among the factors that affect the grazing process, ambient conditions which influence grazing time is the most important. There are four other defoliation factors viz.,
... [Show full abstract] selectivity, intensity, frequency and seasonality. The physical effects of grazing viz., trampling, dung pats and dispersal of seeds are essential considerations. Other important aspects are: grazer sociology, grazing behaviour, transhumance, grazing- burning rotations, single versus mixed herd grazing, single versus mixed vegetation grazing, mixed herd-mixed vegetation grazing, kinds of grazing systems used, diversity-stability and nutrient cycling etc. This review concerns with the studies directly or collaterally related to the soil-plant-animal interface, and the emerging issues and future research in grazing ecology.
