Engaging Students through Board Games: Measuring Its Effectiveness on Academic Performance

Abstract

Students' academic performance has various predictors. It is affected by so many factors. As the Department of Education aims to develop citizens who are holistically developed, which in a point is reflected by their academic performance. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of engaging student through board games on their academic performance. The research used a quasi-experimental approach. There were 44 students on the control group and 43 students on the experimental group. The total population of the two groups was used to be part of the study. Data were collected and treated using mean and t-test to determine the difference on the academic performance of the two groups. Results revealed that the experimental group who was exposed to the board games have higher academic performance as reflected in their mean. Moreover, it is also evident in the findings that there is a significant difference in the academic performance of the control and experimental group. The study recommends to engage students in board games as part of improving their vocabulary bank to increase their academic performance, while considering that the vocabulary must be words that they will encounter in their future lessons.

Full text

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2016 5
ISSN 2250-3153
www.ijsrp.org
Engaging Students through Board Games: Measuring Its
Effectiveness on Academic Performance
Jonny S. Viray*
* Masantol High School, DepEd Pampanga, Philippines
Abstract- Students’ academic performance has various
predictors. It is affected by so many factors. As the Department
of Education aims to develop citizens who are holistically
developed, which in a point is reflected by their academic
performance. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of
engaging student through board games on their academic
performance. The research used a quasi-experimental approach.
There were 44 students on the control group and 43 students on
the experimental group. The total population of the two groups
was used to be part of the study. Data were collected and treated
using mean and t-test to determine the difference on the
academic performance of the two groups. Results revealed that
the experimental group who was exposed to the board games
have higher academic performance as reflected in their mean.
Moreover, it is also evident in the findings that there is a
significant difference in the academic performance of the control
and experimental group. The study recommends to engage
students in board games as part of improving their vocabulary
bank to increase their academic performance, while considering
that the vocabulary must be words that they will encounter in
their future lessons.
Index Terms- vocabulary bank, academic performance, board
game,effectiveness.
I. INTRODUCTION
great number of research shows that the academic
performance of students can be improved through
innovative teaching strategies and other kinds of innovation
(Adunola, 2011; Ayeni, 2011).
One of the main targets of the education system is to
make sure that the students’ will learn their competencies
prescribed in the curriculum guide. However, it cannot be denied
that there are students who are having difficulties in learning
these competencies as reflected in their grade point average or
academic performance.
The number of vocabularies a student knows will have
an impact on his academic performance. As students have limited
vocabularies, comprehension is being at risk. Individuals who
have problems or limited vocabularies have weak language skills
which often lead to limited education that a student may acquire.
Numerous studies have long pointed out that there is a
relationship between vocabulary bank and students’ academic
performance (Coyne, Simmons, &Kame’enui, 2004; Stahl &
Nagy, 2006). Moreover, Beck and McKeown (2002) stated that a
person’s vocabularylevel is viewed as a means of opening or
closing access to information and helps define the success of the
students in his academics. It only depicts that those who have
limited vocabularies will have difficulties in improving their
academic performance.
Based on the result of students’ assessment in Masantol
High School, there is a need to improve students’ vocabulary
bank. This issueof having limitedvocabularies is alarming.
According to Biemiller (2004), there is little opportunity for
these students to close the vocabularygap unless the schools
provide useful vocabulary instruction.
According to MacKenty (2006), gaming activities tend
to show learning benefits because of the activelearning
components that are present in each game. The findings was
seconded bySchrand(2008). Games thatbring out higher order
thinking skills are becoming more popular, although more
researchand scientific assessment is necessary to measure their
overall effectiveness.
It is well-known that students really enjoy games or
activities beyond the normal classroom interaction. Gee (2003)
encapsulated that good learning is also being reflected through
games.Johnson (2006) praises games for their ability to help us
"find order and meaning in the world and make decisions that
create order." Additionally, Squire and Jenkins (2003) also
promote games for good learning because they "encourage
collaboration among players and thus provide a context for peer-
to-peer teaching and for the emergence of learning
communities." On the other hand, Okan (2003), using games
may have negative effect as he stated that “meaningful learning
may sometimesbe difficult and requires cognitive and emotional
effort… especially in the light of the fact thatpost-secondary
education is not usually a fun undertaking.” Students depend now
on the innovative teaching strategies of the teacher, which is the
used of board games.
It is in this light that the researcher decided to conduct a
study on the effectiveness of engaging students through board
games on the academic performance of Grade 8 Students.
Framework
The study is anchored in the theory of Lev Vygotsky. In
his theory, he cited that cognitive development posits that
A

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2016 6
ISSN 2250-3153
www.ijsrp.org
information from the external world is transformed and
internalized through language. Children at play are making sense
of the world through a process of "inner speech" - that is, they
are often talking out loud to themselves (Child Development
Media, 2015).
Vygotsky assumes cognitive development varies across
cultures, whereas Piaget states cognitive development is mostly
universal across cultures.
The study is delimited on Measuring the Effectiveness
of Engaging Students through Board Games on their Academic
Performance.
Statement of the Problem
Specifically, the researcher sought to answer the
following questions:
1.What is the academic performance of the control and
experimental group as reflected in their pretest?
2. What is the academic performance of the control and
experimental group as reflected in their posttest?
3. Is there significant difference between the academic
performance of the control and experimental group?
4. Based on the findings, what may be suggested?
Hypothesis
There is no significant difference between the academic
performance of the control and experimental group.
II. METHODOLOGY
The researcher used the quasi-experimental approach in
which experimental group and control group would be part of the
study. The control group was exposed to normal classroom
interaction, while the experimental group would be exposed to
board games while learning. The experimental group was
exposed in board games throughout one grading period to make
sure that there would be enough and adequate for the exposure to
the board games.
Consensus is elusive when it comes to figuring out
exactly what it takes to improve our nation’s public schools.
When the quest is to ensure that our children achieve
academically, there just aren’t many certainties. Except one: The
quality of teaching matters (Partee, 2012), which is reflected by
the strategies that the teachers use. In this study, the used of
board games to increase the students’ academic performance is
the innovative strategy of the researcher.
Respondents
The researchers collected the school records of the
students and consolidated their grades and group the students
heterogeneously to make sure that all sections are equally
divided.
As part of the study, the researchers used control and
experimental group. The students in the control group and
experimental group are reflected in Table 1.
Table 1.Respondents of the Study
As shown in Table 1, students are well distributed to
have fairness in the result of the study.
Instruments
The researcher exposed the experimental group through
board games such as magic square and crosswords. After the
exposure, the effectiveness of the board games would be
measured. In terms of assessment, the standardized test was used
in this study.
Data Analysis
The data gathered through the test were classified,
organized, tallied and tabulated. These were treated with the use
of frequency distribution and mean. The data to answer specific
problems were treated as follows:
For the result of the academic performance, the raw
score and the mean were collected, and to measure the difference
between the academic performance of the control and
experimental group, t-test was applied with 0.05 level of
significance.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The researcher utilized the quasi-experimental type of
research using experimental and control group with the same
level of academic performance to make sure that the result of the
research would be valid and reliable.
Result of Pretest
Table 2.Pretest
Group
Mean
Control
11.93
Experimental
12.03
t Stat
-0.388191801
t Critical
1.992543495
Findings revealed that on the administration of pretest,
the control group garnered a mean of 11.93, while the
experimental group has mean of 12.03. Basing on the result,
there is a difference of .10 on their mean. Using the t-test, it
showed that there is no significant difference between their
pretest, which made the two groups qualified for the quasi-
experimental research.
Result of Posttest
Control Group
Experimental Group
Male
Female
Tot
al
Male
Female
Total
21
20
41
19
21
40
ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE
ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE
75% to 78%
75% to 78%

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Table 3. Posttest
Group
Mean
Control
22.13
Experimental
35.30
t Stat
-13.22265779
t Critical
1.992997126
It is glaring from the table that in terms of mean, control
group has a mean of 22.13, while the experimental group
garnered a mean of 35.20. Considering the gap on their mean, it
shows that the experimental group has a higher academic
performance as reflected in their posttest. Additionally, using the
t-test, it shows that there is a significant difference between the
academic performance of the control and experimental group.
Table 3 reflects that t Crtical (1.992997126) is lower than the t-
stat (-13.22265779). Additionally, it only shows that engaging
students through the use of Board Games has positive effects on
the academic performance of students.
Conclusions and Recommendations
The study used a quasi-experimental approach with
control and experimental group to measure the effectiveness of
engaging students through board games on their academic
performance. Findings reveal that after the engagement in board
games, the academic performance of the experimental group is
higher compare with control group.
Moreover, using t-test, it further shows that there is a
significant difference between the academic performance of the
control and experimental group. It further shows that engaging
students through board games has a positive effect on their
academic performance.
Based on the findings, the following recommendations
are formulated:
1. Board games can be used as tool to improve the
academic performance of students through increasing their
vocabulary bank.
2. Teachers should find more ways to improve students’
academic performance through various innovative strategies.
3. School administrators should invest in assisting teachers
to produce aids or innovation that will improve students’
academic performance.
4. Words to be presented must come from their future
lessons to make sure that the students will encounter the words.
5. Further research for this study should be conducted.
REFERENCES
[1] Adunola, O. (2011),“The Impact of Teachers’ Teaching Methods on the
Academic Performance of Primary School Pupils in Ijebu-Ode Local cut
Area of Ogun State,” Ego Booster Books, Ogun State, Nigeria
[2] Ayeni, A.J. (2011), “Teachers professional development and quality
assurance in Nigerian Secondary Schools,” World Journal of Education,
1(2):143-149.
[3] Beck, I. L., McKeown, M. G., & Kucan, L. (2002). Bringing Words to Life.
New York: The Guilford Press.
[4] Biemiller, A. (2004). Teaching Vocabulary in the Primary Grades. In
Baumann, J. F., & Kame’enui, E. J. Vocabulary Instruction: Research to
Practice. New York.
[5] Child Development Media (2015). Play: A Vygotskian Approach.
[6] Coyne, M. D., Simmons, D. C., & Kame’enui, E. J. (2004). Vocabulary
Instruction for Young Children At-Risk of Experiencing Reading
Difficulties. In Baumann, J. F., & Kame’enui, E. J. Vocabulary Instruction:
Research to Practice. New York: Guildford Press.
[7] Gee, J. (2003). What video games have to teach us about learning and
literacy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
[8] Johnson, S. (2006). Everything bad is good for you: How today's culture is
actually making us smarter. New York: Riverhead Books.
[9] MacKenty, B. (2006). All Play and No Work. School Library Journal, 52,
46-48. Summary: MacKenty explores COTS (commercial, off the shelf)
games and their effectiveness in the classroom. He presents several
guidelines to look for when seeking out well designed COTS games.
[10] Okan, Z. (2003). Edutainment: is learning at risk?. British Journal of
Educational Technology, 34, 255-264. Summary: Edutainment is presented
as a potentially problematic way of looking at educational materials being
presented as entertainment. This article questions whether or not education
needs to always be “fun” and how that may even prove to be a
negativething if students begin to assume that studying and hard work
outside the classroom is not necessary
[11] Partee, Glenda L.(2012).Using Multiple Evaluation Measures to Improve
Teacher Effectiveness.Retrieved from https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-
content/uploads/2012/12/MultipleMeasures-2-INTRO.pdf
[12] Schrand, T. (2008). Tapping into Active Intelligences with Interactive
Multimedia: A Lowthreshold Classroom Approach. Collegiate Teaching,
56, 78-84. Summary: Schrand encourages educators to go beyond
PowerPoint presentations and incorporate interactive multimedia activities
in the classroom. He explains how simplistic it can be to create reusable
templates to accomplish this and he provides examples as to how he has
specifically experimented with this in his teachings
[13] Squire, K. and Jenkins, H. (2003). Harnessing the power of games in
education. Insight, volume 3: 5-30
[14] Stahl, S. A., & Nagy, W. E. (2006). Teaching Word Meanings. Mahwah,
NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
AUTHORS
First Author – Jonny S. Viray, Master of Arts major in
Educational Management, Masantol High School, DepEd
Pampanga, Philippines,jonny_yuna05228@yahoo.com