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FUNDAMENTALS OF MAINTENANCE

  • May 2017
  • Publisher: www.ektab.com
Authors:
Osama Mohammed Elmardi Suleiman Khayal at Nile Valley University
Osama Mohammed Elmardi Suleiman Khayal
mahmoud yassin osman
mahmoud yassin osman
mahmoud yassin osman
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Abstract and Figures

إنَّ مؤلِّف هذا الكتاب إيماناً منه بالدور العظيم والمقدَّر للأستاذ الجامعي في إثراء حركة التأليف والتعريب والترجمة يأمل أن يفي هذا الكتاب بمتطلبات برامج البكالوريوس والدبلوم لدارسي الهندسة الميكانيكية وهندسة الإنتاج أو التصنيع حيث يغِّطي مناهج نظرية وعملية في الصيانة الوقائية والعلاجية للمنشآت الهندسية (i.e. ميكانيكية، هيدروليكية، نيوماتية، أنظمة إنتاج وغيرها). يتفَّق هذا الكتاب لغوياً مع القاموس الهندسي الموَّحد السوداني، ويُعد الكتاب مرجعاً في مجاله حيث يمكن أن يستفيد منه الطالب والمهندس والباحث ويعتبر الكتاب مقتبساً من مذكرات مؤلفه في تدريسه لهذا المقرر لفترة لا تقل عن خمسة عشر عاماً. يهدف هذا الكتاب لتأكيد أهمية الصيانة الصحيحة للمحركات والآلات والماكينات والمهارات المطلوبة للفنيين، بالإضافة لتمليك الطالب فهم متكامل للصيانة والفائدة المرجوة من الإدارة الجيِّدة لها. يشتمل هذا الكتاب على عشرة فصول يستعرض الفصل الأول فيه أهمية إدارة الموارد المادية والبشرية بالصورة المثلى لتعظيم الأرباح وتقليل الخسائر بالإضافة لتعريف الكلال البدني والعقلي وطبيعته وقياسه، بالإضافة لتعريف الصيانة، أهدافها، أنواعها وتنظيماتها. أيضاً يستعرض هذا الفصل تصنيف المعدات الصناعية من حيث كونها عامة أو خاصة الغرض بالإضافة لعملية إحلال واستبدال الآلات والسياسات المتبَّعة في ذلك. هذا بجانب تنظيم صيانة المعدات ومتطلبات السلامة الصناعية وعلاقتها بعمليات الإنتاج المختلفة. يشتمل الفصل الثاني من الكتاب على تآكل المنشآت الفلزية بمحدداته الاقتصادية والاجتماعية بالإضافة لصوره وأشكاله وأنواعه ومسبباته وكيفية الحد منه. أمَّا الفصل الثالث فيهتم بدور التصميم الهندسي في الصيانة من وجهات نظر سهولة التصميم، التصنيع والصيانة، توفر وسائل الاتصال والنقل. يهتم الفصل الرابع من هذا الكتاب على متطلبات دراسة الجدوى الفنية للمنشآت الهندسية من مواصفات وتصميم. أما الفصل الخامس فيشتمل على المتطلبات الأساسية للجدوى الاقتصادية للمنشآت الهندسية من وجهتي نظر التقييم المالي والتقييم الاقتصادي. يستعرض الفصل السادس أهمية منظومة التيروتكنولوجيا وتطبيقاتها في الصناعة من خلال مراحلها الست التي تشتمل على المواصفات، التصميم، التصنيع والتركيب، التشغيل التجريبي، فترة التشغيل، والإحلال وذلك لتلبية حاجة المستفيد منها بأقصى فائدة وأقل تكلفة ممكنة. يتم خلال الفصل السابع مناقشة أنظمة تزييت وتزليق الآلات ذات الحركة الترددية والدَّوارة من وجهات نظر تقييم نظام التزييت، الوسائل المتاحة للتزييت ودور مشرفي التزييت بالإضافة للفشل الناتج من استخدام زيوت غير مطابقة للمواصفات من حيث رتبتها، تلوثها، نوعها، جدولتها الزمنية أو استنفادها. يهتم الفصل الثامن بقابلية التبادل من حيث تعريفها، دورها في الإنتاج التجاري وخدمة السيارات والمحركات. أما الفصل التاسع فيستعرض تشخيص أعطال محركات الديزل والبنزين من وجهات نظر الأعطال العامة، خدمة أنظمة حقن الوقود في محركات البنزين، وخدمة محركات الديزل. حيث يتم خلال هذا الفصل تحديد المشكلة، معرفة مسبباتها وكيفية علاجها أو تصحيحها. في الفصل العاشر والأخير هنالك مجموعة من الأسئلة غير المحلولة في مقرر الصيانة بالإضافة لمجموعة أخرى من الأسئلة مُصاحبة بإجاباتها النموذجية. إنَّ الكاتب يأمل أن يُساهم هذا الجهد المتواضع في إثراء المكتبة الجامعية داخل السودان وخارجه في هذا المجال من المعرفة ويأمل من القارئ بضرورة إرسال تغذية راجعة إن كانت هنالك ثمة أخطاء حتى يستطيع الكاتب تصويبها في الطبعة التالية للكتاب. والله ولي التوفيق المؤلف أكتوبر 2015م
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... The actual figures may differ depending on service conditions, etc. Table below shows overhaul and expected lifetime of different components of the Wartsila engines. Refer to Ref. [7], [8]. Table Overhaul Interval Though, decreasing the overhauling interval may not eliminate these abnormalities totally but, it will definitely reduce the number of unplanned engine downtime or force stoppage. ...
Technical and Environmental Study on Using Light Fuel Oil and Crude Oil in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE)
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  • Sep 2019
This research study has been done in Aljabalein Power Plant at White Nile State. The objective of the study is to compare and differentiate between two types of fuel, light fuel oil (LFO) and crude oil (CRO) used in power plant situated in Aljabalein site. The comparison has been done on different viewpoints including the impact of exhaust gases on the surrounding environment, the performance of engines at different loads, and the operation and maintenance costs. It is found that CRO fuel oil is preferred to LFO fuel due to less operation costs. But it has many disadvantages such as high pollution rates and high consumption of spare parts.
... The actual figures may differ depending on service conditions, etc.Table belowshows overhaul and expected lifetime of different components of the Wartsila engines. Refer to Ref.[7],[8].Table OverhaulInterval and Expected Lifetime of Wartsila EnginesThe actual overhauling interval in Aljabalein Power Plant shown from the above Table was established based from the abnormalities that has been experienced during CRO & LFO operation. Though, decreasing the overhauling interval may not eliminate these abnormalities totally but, it will definitely reduce the number of unplanned engine downtime or force stoppage. ...
Technical and Environmental Study On Using Light Fuel Oil and Crude Oil in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE)
Preprint
Full-text available
  • Jul 2019
This research study has been done in Aljabalein Power Plant at White Nile State. The objective of the study is to compare and differentiate between two types of fuel, light fuel oil (LFO) and crude oil (CRO) used in power plant situated in Aljabalein site. The comparison have been done on different viewpoints including the impact of exhaust gases on the surrounding environment, the performance of engines at different loads, and the operation and maintenance costs. It is found that CRO fuel oil is preferred to LFO fuel due to less operation costs. But it has many disadvantages such as high pollution rates and high consumption of spare parts.
... The actual figures may differ depending on service conditions, etc.Table belowshows overhaul and expected lifetime of different components of the Wartsila engines. Refer to Ref.[7],[8].Table OverhaulInterval and Expected Lifetime of Wartsila EnginesThe actual overhauling interval in Aljabalein Power Plant shown from the above Table was established based from the abnormalities that has been experienced during CRO & LFO operation. Though, decreasing the overhauling interval may not eliminate these abnormalities totally but, it will definitely reduce the number of unplanned engine downtime or force stoppage. ...
Technical and Environmental Study On Using Light Fuel Oil and Crude Oil in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE)
Preprint
  • Jun 2019
This research study has been done in Aljabalein Power Plant at White Nile State. The objective of the study is to compare and differentiate between two types of fuel, light fuel oil (LFO) and crude oil (CRO) used in power plant situated in Aljabalein site. The comparison have been done on different viewpoints including the impact of exhaust gases on the surrounding environment, the performance of engines at different loads, and the operation and maintenance costs. It is found that CRO fuel oil is preferred to LFO fuel due to less operation costs. But it has many disadvantages such as high pollution rates and high consumption of spare parts.
... The actual figures may differ depending on service conditions, etc. Table ( ) below shows overhaul and expected lifetime of different components of the Wartsila engines. Refer to Ref. [7], [8]. Though, decreasing the overhauling interval may not eliminate these abnormalities totally but it will definitely reduce the number of unplanned engine downtime or force stoppage. ...
Using Light Fuel Oil (LFO) and Crude Oil (CRO) in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) (Technical and Environmental Study)
Code
  • May 2017
This research work has been done in Jabalayn Power Plant at White Nile State. The objective of the study is to compare and differentiate between two types of fuel, light fuel oil (LFO) and crude oil (CRO) used in power plant situated in Aljabalayn site. The comparison have been done in different viewpoints including the impact of exhaust gases on the surrounding environment, the performance of engines at different loads, and the operation and maintenance costs. It is found that CRO fuel oil is better than the LFO due to less operation costs. But it has many disadvantages such as high pollution rates and high consumption of spare parts.
... The actual figures may differ depending on service conditions, etc. Table ( ) below shows overhaul and expected lifetime of different components of the Wartsila engines. Refer to Ref. [7], [8]. Though, decreasing the overhauling interval may not eliminate these abnormalities totally but it will definitely reduce the number of unplanned engine downtime or force stoppage. ...
Using Light Fuel Oil (LFO) and Crude Oil (CRO) in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) (Technical and Environmental Study)
Chapter
  • May 2017
This research work has been done in Jabalayn Power Plant at White Nile State. The objective of the study is to compare and differentiate between two types of fuel, light fuel oil (LFO) and crude oil (CRO) used in power plant situated in Aljabalayn site. The comparison have been done in different viewpoints including the impact of exhaust gases on the surrounding environment, the performance of engines at different loads, and the operation and maintenance costs. It is found that CRO fuel oil is better than the LFO due to less operation costs. But it has many disadvantages such as high pollution rates and high consumption of spare parts.
... The actual figures may differ depending on service conditions, etc. Table ( ) below shows overhaul and expected lifetime of different components of the Wartsila engines. Refer to Ref. [7], [8]. Though, decreasing the overhauling interval may not eliminate these abnormalities totally but it will definitely reduce the number of unplanned engine downtime or force stoppage. ...
Using Light Fuel Oil (LFO) and Crude Oil (CRO) in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) (Technical and Environmental Study)
Thesis
  • May 2017
This research work has been done in Jabalayn Power Plant at White Nile State. The objective of the study is to compare and differentiate between two types of fuel, light fuel oil (LFO) and crude oil (CRO) used in power plant situated in Aljabalayn site. The comparison have been done in different viewpoints including the impact of exhaust gases on the surrounding environment, the performance of engines at different loads, and the operation and maintenance costs. It is found that CRO fuel oil is better than the LFO due to less operation costs. But it has many disadvantages such as high pollution rates and high consumption of spare parts.
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Full-text available
  • Nov 2009
The aim is here to evaluate the difference between the energy and exergy (or available energy) balances when heat recovery is considered in an internal combustion engine. In the first case, the entropy of the system is not taken into account so that, the maximum useful work recoverable from a system can not be estimated. Then, the second case is much more adapted to estimate heat recovery potential. In this paper, two modern engines are evaluated. First, an up-to-date gasoline engine: three-cylinder, downsized, low friction, then a modern common rail downsized Diesel engine. For each one, two energy and exergy balances are given for two different part-load operating points representative of the NEDC cycle using experimental data from steady state engine test benches. For the Diesel engine, it is shown that effective work represents around 30% and that around 55% of the energy introduced into the combustion chamber is lost (in the form of heat), especially in exhaust gas, in water coolant and oil. But when considering exergy balance, only 12% of the total exergy introduced through the fuel can be recovered, in order to produce useful work. Expecting a 25% exergy recovery efficiency, the effective engine efficiency could be increased by 10%. For the gasoline engine, the increase of the output work could be around 15%.
Energy and Exergy Balances for Modern Diesel and Gasoline Engines
Book
  • Jan 2017
Energy and Exergy Balances for Modern Diesel and Gasoline Engines
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The development of four-stroke, spark-ignition engines that are designed to inject gasoline directly into the combustion chamber is an important worldwide initiative of the automotive industry. The thermodynamic potential of such engines for significantly enhanced fuel economy, transient response and cold-start hydrocarbon emission levels has led to a large number of research and development projects that have the goal of understanding, developing and optimizing gasoline direct-injection (GDI) combustion systems. The processes of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched, and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injectors are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed.
Product Reliability, Maintainability, and Supportability Handbook
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PRODUCT EFFECTIVENESS AND WORTHProduct AttributesProgrammatic FactorsProduct Effectiveness FactorsOperational AvailabilityDesign, Use, and Logistic EffectivenessDesign Effectiveness.. Use Effectiveness. Logistic EffectivenessReliabilityMission Reliability. Logistic ReliabilityRestorationMaintainabilityTime Elements and Product EffectivenessRelationships among Time IntervalsAssigning ResponsibilityIntegrated Product and Process DevelopmentManaging Product EffectivenessSummaryPROBABILITY CONCEPTSRandom EventsDefinitions of ProbabilityBasic Theorems of ProbabilityConditional Probability and Multiplication Rule. Statistical Independence. Total Probability Theorem. Bayes' TheoremRandom Variables and Their DistributionsRandom VariablesProbability DistributionMain Descriptors of a Random VariableMean. Variance and Standard Deviation. Markov Inequality. Chebyshev Inequality. Skewness. Quantiles and PercentilesBrief Review of DistributionsDiscrete Distributions. Continuous DistributionsMultiple Random VariablesJoint Probability. Conditional Probability DistributionsCovariance and CorrelationFunctions of Random VariablesProbability DistributionsMain Descriptors of Random FunctionsRandom ProcessesDefinition of a Random ProcessMain Descriptors of Random ProcessMean Value. VarianceStationary Random ProcessesErgodicity of Random ProcessesCounting ProcessesRecurrent Point ProcessesMarkov ProcessSome Limit Results in Probability and Stochastic ProcessesLimit Theorems in Probability TheoryThe Central Limit Theorem. The Poisson Theorem. A Random Number of Random Variables in a SumStochastic ProcessesCrossing a "High Level" by Continuous Process. Thinning a Point ProcessThe Superposition of Point ProcessesSTATISTICAL INFERENCE CONCEPTSStatistical EstimationPoint EstimationMethod of Moments. Method of Maximum LikelihoodInterval EstimationHypothesis TestingFrequency HistogramGoodness-of-Fit TestsThe Chi-Square Test. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Sample ComparisonReliability Regression Model FittingGauss-Markov Theorem and Linear RegressionRegression Analysis. The Gauss-Markov Theorem. Multiple Linear RegressionProportional Hazard (PH) and Accelerated Life (AL) ModelsAccelerated Life (AL) Model. Proportional Hazard (PH) ModelAccelerated Life Regression for Constant StressAccelerated Life Regression for Time-Dependent StressPRACTICAL RELIABILITY CONCEPTSReliability MeasuresTime-to-Failure Distribution and Reliability FunctionMean Time to Failure and Percentile LifeFailure Rate and Cumulative Hazard FunctionLife Distributions as Reliability ModelsGeometric DistributionThe Binomial DistributionExponential DistributionClasses of Distribution Functions Based on AgingFailure Rate and the Notion of Aging. Bounds on Reliability for Aging Distributions. Inequality for Coefficient of Variation. Cumulative Damage ModelThe Weibu
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Engineering Maintenance: A Modern Approach
Book
  • Feb 2002
Of the more than $300 billion spent on plant maintenance and operations, U.S. industry spends as much as 80 percent of this amount to correct chronic failures of machines, systems, and people. With machines and systems becoming increasingly complex, this problem can only worsen, and there is a clear and pressing need to establish comprehensive equipment management programs that incorporate the diverse considerations that are essential to effective maintenance. Engineering Maintenance: A Modern Approach presents a cradle-to-grave strategy to preserve equipment function, avoid the consequences of failures, and ensure the productive capacity of equipment. Moving well beyond traditional approaches, this strategy incorporates quality and safety, human error, and software maintenance considerations along with costing, reliability, and maintainability. From specialized books and technical articles, the author has gathered and integrated the latest advances in engineering maintenance into practical, step-by-step plans designed to optimize maintenance activities, extend equipment life, and minimize failures. The elimination of chronic failures through effective maintenance can reduce maintenance costs by 40 to 60 percent. Engineering Maintenance: A Modern Approach not only collects recent advances into a single volume, but also directs you on a path that can lead to a more successful, cost-effective maintenance program.
Motor vehicle basic principles
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V A W Hillier, "Motor vehicle basic principles", Anchor Brendon Ltd, Great Britain, (1986).
Automotive mechanics
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William H Crouse, "Automotive mechanics", eighth edition, M C Graw -Hill Book Company, (1981