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Hispaniola (Dominikanische Republik, Haiti) - Bericht zur Hauptexkursion 2015
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Grocery retail internationalisation in developing economies is a dynamic process that began just a decade ago. It was initially dominated by a North-South expansion of large retail MNE from Western Europe and North America. Hereby, only a limited number of grocery retail chains expanded to these markets, typically with formats such as hyper-/super-markets. Super-/hypermarketisation is, however, no longer only a peculiarity and a dominant pattern of a North-South expansion, increasingly retail grocers from the Global South are both setting up similar types of stores in their home markets and gaining a foothold in neighbouring countries at the same time, leading to a new pattern of South-South expansion. Elaborating upon the crucial conditions for grocery retail internationalisation in general, the article analyses rationales, formats and selected companies that piloted this process, followed by a closer look upon the characteristics of spatial patterns in the expansion process. The latter were heavily influenced by spatial and socio-cultural proximity in the early days, whereas currently regionally and culturally more distant markets are penetrated.
Tourism and second-home residential developments continue to drive formal sector employment in the Caribbean. The Dominican Republic has been particularly aggressive in marketing tourist enclaves, beginning with the ambitious La Romana project in the 1970s and followed by exorbitant growth of the Punta Cana-Brava region at the eastern tip of Hispaniola. In the new millennium, an interesting alignment of global financiers, ranging from deposed Venezuelan presidents, Dominican banking and construction tycoons, and the ubiquitous Donald Trump, is developing the ambitious Cap Cana/Trump Farellones resort and second home city. The scale and breadth of the operation is surpassed only by the branding of supporters behind the project, from the New Yorker Donald Trump himself to Jack Nicklaus-designed golf courses, and to Oscar de la Renta crafted interior decorations. Buoyed by the successful Punta Cana Hotel and Resort that boasts residents like Oscar de la Renta and Julio Iglesias, as well as frequent visitors such as Bill and Hillary Clinton, the new Cap Cana/Trump Farellones development may possibly be the largest planned city in the circum-Caribbean basin since the Ciudad Guyana project of Venezuela in the early 1960s. The paper outlines the project, discusses the public-private partnerships that have been formed, assesses the images used in promoting the site, and documents the social and environmental impacts that have already surfaced. It concludes with an overview of labor and capital implications for the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and neighboring islands.
Santo Domingo is the oldest "European' city in America. This capital of the Dominican Republic had the first university, cathedral and hospital in the Americas. It quickly lost its initial importance. Recently, in population it is the leading city in the Caribbean (2 million population). It shares Third World problems. It is nearly 500 yr old, and the old city is being restored and cleaned up. With a number of plans and pictures, the article proceeds as follows: 1930-70 marginalisation; current frame conditions; progress in restoration. It is compared with other cities of the Caribbean. -D.J.Davis
Dieses Buch bietet eine Volkswirtschaft zum Anfassen. Anhand von lebensnahen Beispielen wird gezeigt, wie Märkte im Großen und Kleinen funktionieren. Die Simulationen auf der begleitenden Website ermöglichen es, Marktprozesse aktiv nachzuvollziehen. In 30 Kapiteln wird ein umfassender Überblick über die moderne Volkswirtschaft geboten. Schaubilder und Tabellen geben Informationen über aktuelle Daten und historische Entwicklungen. Die 4. Auflage bietet neben einer umfassenden inhaltlichen Aktualisierung eine intensive Auseinandersetzung mit der Finanzkrise. In zwei neuen Kapiteln wird die Rolle der Banken als Intermediäre, aber auch als Originatoren von Geld- und Kreditzyklen beschrieben. Neben der globalen Finanzkrise wird die Eurokrise intensiv erörtert. Die unkonventionalle Geldpolitik der großen Notenbanken wird ebenfalls in der Neuauflage diskutiert. Der wachsenden Krtik an den Standardmodellen der VWL wird mit einer kritischen Analyse des AS/AD-Modells, des Standardmodells der Banken und des Geldschöpfungsmultiplikators Rechnung getragen. Die Diskussion über Mindestlöhne wird in der Neuauflage ebenfalls intensiver dargestellt. Das im Buch vermittelte volkswirtschaftliche Denken ist nicht nur für Studenten der Betriebs- und Volkswirtschaftslehre von Bedeutung. Es hilft Menschen, die sich für Wirtschaftspolitik interessieren, die Diskussionen über volkswirtschaftliche Fragen zu verstehen und sich ein eigenes Urteil zu bilden.