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CD44V9 and Cystine-Glutamate Transporter xCT Emerge During Gastric Regeneration: A Mechanism that Potentiates Defense Against ROS to Allow for Effective Healing in Response to Injury

Authors:
Emma Teal at University of Cincinnati
Emma Teal
Nina Steele at Henry Ford Hospital
Nina Steele
Dr. Jayati Chakrabarti at University of Arizona
Dr. Jayati Chakrabarti
Julie Chang
Julie Chang
Julie Chang
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... Within cancer cells, CD44v9 interacts with the subunit cystine/glutamate antiporter (xCT) to promote intracellular synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) [31]. This response can enhance the defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promote tumor growth [32,33]. Some anti-tumor drugs targeting this mechanism may be more effective in controlling tumor progression [29,31,34]. ...
The Prognostic Roles and Clinical Features of CD44v9 in Human Solid Cancers—A Meta-Analysis
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  • Aug 2020
Background: CD44 is the primary receptor for hyaluronic acid and serves as a marker for cancer stem cells. CD44v9 is one of CD44’s variants and takes part in cancer’s growth and metastasis. However, the prognostic roles and clinical features of CD44v9 in cancers remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to summarize the prognostic significance and clinical features of CD44v9 in human solid cancers. Methods: we systematically searched all of related studies in PubMed, the Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane library up to June 2020. We analyzed the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the prognostic functions and clinical features of CD44v9 in various human solid cancers. Results: In this meta-analysis, we included 1705 cancer patients among 12 studies. Results indicated that high expression of CD44v9 was significantly related to poorer overall survival (OS) (HR=1.60, 95%CI 1.28-1.99, P<0.0001), recurrence-free survival/progression-free survival/disease-free survival (RFS/PFS/DFS).( HR=1.81, 95%CI 1.16-2.84, P=0.009) and disease-specific survival/cancer-specific survival (DSS/CSS) (HR=2.93, 95%CI 1.69-5.10, P<0.001). At the same time, we also found that high expression of CD44v9 increased the possibility of lymphoid infiltrates (OR=1.59, 95%CI 1.16-2.20, P=0.005), vascular invasion (OR=1.57, 95%CI 1.11-2.22, P=0.010) and higher TNM stage (OR=1.63, 95%CI 1.19-2.23, P=0.002). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that CD44v9 overexpression is associated with worse OS, RFS/PFS/CFS and DSS/CSS in patients with solid cancers, which might be a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers in the future.
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