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Runaway World: How Globalization Is Reshaping Our Lives
... The contemporary world is increasingly marked by uncertainty, complexity, and the unintended consequences of technological progress. Various sociopolitical theories provide valuable insights into these evolving dynamics, particularly the perspectives of Habermas (1975Habermas ( , 1984, Beck (1992Beck ( , 2009), Giddens (1990Giddens ( , 2003, Bauman (2000), and Perrow (1984Perrow ( , 2011. These theories offer an analytical framework to examine emerging risks and potentially catastrophic outcomes that societies may face amid rapid technological advancement and fragmented regulatory systems in today's world. ...
... The acceleration of such vulnerabilities in a globalized world, as suggested by Giddens' "runaway world" thesis, highlights how technological change often outpaces governance structures, leaving regulatory mechanisms struggling to keep up. Giddens (1990Giddens ( , 2003 describes how globalization has intensified risks while simultaneously diminishing the regulatory capacity of national governments. He explores the concept of "disembedding," wherein traditional social structures are supplanted by abstract systems, leading to an increased reliance on expert knowledge while simultaneously eroding public engagement and trust. ...
... These challenges reflect Giddens' "runaway world" thesis, which argues that technological advancements evolve faster than regulatory frameworks can adapt, resulting in systemic vulnerabilities (Giddens 2003). Perhaps the most extreme AI-related risk, as highlighted by Bostrom (2014), is the potential for an AI "takeover," where highly advanced AI systems surpass human control, misalign with human values, and make autonomous decisions that could pose existential threats to humanity and jeopardize human survival. ...
The global governance of high-risk technologies—including nuclear technology, artificial intelligence (AI), quantum computing, biotechnology, and gene editing—faces mounting challenges due to geopolitical tensions, regulatory gaps, and institutional barriers. Drawing on sociopolitical theories such as Beck’s Risk Society , Giddens’ Runaway World , and Perrow’s Normal Accidents , this paper examines the complexities of regulating rapidly advancing technologies within a fragmented global landscape. Unlike previous industrial revolutions, today’s technological transformations are unfolding at an unprecedented pace, outstripping existing governance structures and exacerbating regulatory asymmetries and geopolitical rivalries. The national securitization of technology and the absence of binding international frameworks hinder effective cooperation, fueling an unregulated “technological race.” Addressing these governance challenges requires multilateral collaboration, legally binding treaties, and independent regulatory bodies with enforcement capabilities. Without coordinated global efforts, unchecked technological proliferation may heighten security risks, deepen global inequalities, and erode trust in regulatory institutions. This paper critically evaluates current governance deficiencies and explores pathways toward more effective and inclusive global cooperation in managing high-risk technologies.
... Introduction Giddens (2003) asserted that we are residing in a world that is rapidly changing. Archbishop Wulfstan, who lived approximately a thousand years ago, was cited by Giddens (2003), who asserted that everything is changing so quickly because "the world lives in a rush and is getting close to its end". ...
... asserted that we are residing in a world that is rapidly changing. Archbishop Wulfstan, who lived approximately a thousand years ago, was cited by Giddens (2003), who asserted that everything is changing so quickly because "the world lives in a rush and is getting close to its end". Planning has been an important concept for all involved in the development processes and in every aspect of our lives including the tourism industry. ...
... While the liberalist approach emphasized the importance of individualist benefits, the state-centric approach focused on society. Nonetheless, the third option, referred to as the "Third Way" (Giddens, 2003), offers a prospect for formulating an economic model that promotes capital investment in economic advancement, conserves natural resources, and strategizes urban, local, and regional development through sustainable practices. ...
Since the 1980s, tourism has been employed as a means of economic growth rather as an end, compromising essential resources and disregarding sustainability principles concerning sociocultural values and environmental assets. Many countries have significantly benefited economically from tourism activities due to the ideologically driven paradigm shift, particularly with the adoption of neoliberal policies. However, there is conflicting evidence and assertations in the literature about the success story of tourism-based development strategies. Despite the diversity of discussions, there is limited understanding of the fundamental variables affecting Turkish tourism development plans. Hence, this study systematically and critically analyzes existing literature to enhance the scope, content, and understanding of the theoretical foundations of the tourism development process. This study also provides suggestions and identifies limitations for further research in the domain of tourism. & Öz: 1980'lerden bu yana turizm, en temel kaynakları tehlikeye atarak ve sosyokültürel değerler ve çevresel varlıklarla ilgili sürdürülebilirlik ilkelerini göz ardı ederek, bir amaç olmaktan ziyade ekonomik büyümenin bir aracı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Birçok ülke, ideolojik temelli paradigma değişikliğinin uygulanmasından bu yana, özellikle neoliberal politikaların uygulanmasının ardından ekonomik açıdan turistik faaliyetlerden faydalanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, literatürde turizm temelli kalkınma stratejilerinin başarı öyküsü hakkında birbiriyle çelişen kanıtlar ve iddialar bulunmaktadır. Tartışmaların çeşitliliğine rağmen, Türkiye'de turizm kalkınma planlarının altında yatan değişkenlere yönelik mevcut literatürde ciddi anlamda bir boşluk olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, turizm gelişim sürecinin teorik temellerinin kapsamı, içeriği ve anlayışını geliştirmeyi amaçlayarak mevcut literatürün sistematik ve eleştirel bir incelemesini sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu alanda gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalar için öneriler geliştirmiş ve araştırmanın sınırlılıkları tartışılmıştır. İntihal-Plagiarism/Etik-Ethic: Bu makale, en az iki hakem tarafından incelenmiş ve intihal içermediği, araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulduğu teyit edilmiştir. / This article has been reviewed by at least two referees, and it has been confirmed that it is plagiarism-free and complies with research and publication ethics. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/asbi/policy
... Introduction Giddens (2003) asserted that we are residing in a world that is rapidly changing. Archbishop Wulfstan, who lived approximately a thousand years ago, was cited by Giddens (2003), who asserted that everything is changing so quickly because "the world lives in a rush and is getting close to its end". ...
... asserted that we are residing in a world that is rapidly changing. Archbishop Wulfstan, who lived approximately a thousand years ago, was cited by Giddens (2003), who asserted that everything is changing so quickly because "the world lives in a rush and is getting close to its end". Planning has been an important concept for all involved in the development processes and in every aspect of our lives including the tourism industry. ...
... While the liberalist approach emphasized the importance of individualist benefits, the state-centric approach focused on society. Nonetheless, the third option, referred to as the "Third Way" (Giddens, 2003), offers a prospect for formulating an economic model that promotes capital investment in economic advancement, conserves natural resources, and strategizes urban, local, and regional development through sustainable practices. ...
Tourism is one of the most preferred economic development tools among various alternatives for countries. Many countries have benefited from touristic activities since the implementation of the ideologically-based paradigm shift, particularly after the implementation of neoliberal policies. In general, while positive sciences, including math, affirm that the tourism industry adds significant economic outcomes, some social science literature asserts that tourism-based development plans fail since they cause dramatic sociocultural and environmental harms. Despite the diversity of discussions, there remains a lack of interest in examining the primary causes of Turkish tourism development plans. Hence, this study systematically and critically reviews the relevant literature to enrich the scope and content of the theoretical foundation of the tourism development process. This study also provides recommendations for future studies.
... Meskipun demikian, studi globalisasi dalam buku ini menggunakan analisis yang diajukan oleh Giddens (2002b), yang didukung oleh Steger (2002; serta Held dan McGrew (2003). Hal ini karena pengelompokan yang dikemukakan Giddens (2002b) merupakan sintesis dari dua kelompok besar yang merespon eksistensi globalisasi yang diberlakukan di seluruh dunia, yaitu: kelompok yang mendukung dan kelompok yang menolak. ...
... Meskipun demikian, studi globalisasi dalam buku ini menggunakan analisis yang diajukan oleh Giddens (2002b), yang didukung oleh Steger (2002; serta Held dan McGrew (2003). Hal ini karena pengelompokan yang dikemukakan Giddens (2002b) merupakan sintesis dari dua kelompok besar yang merespon eksistensi globalisasi yang diberlakukan di seluruh dunia, yaitu: kelompok yang mendukung dan kelompok yang menolak. Di samping itu, beberapa kategorisasi yang diajukan Gilpin and Gilpin (2000) di atas dapat dimasukkan ke dalam dua kelompok besar yang diajukan Giddens (2002b) ini. ...
... Hal ini karena pengelompokan yang dikemukakan Giddens (2002b) merupakan sintesis dari dua kelompok besar yang merespon eksistensi globalisasi yang diberlakukan di seluruh dunia, yaitu: kelompok yang mendukung dan kelompok yang menolak. Di samping itu, beberapa kategorisasi yang diajukan Gilpin and Gilpin (2000) di atas dapat dimasukkan ke dalam dua kelompok besar yang diajukan Giddens (2002b) ini. Perspektif Pasar Bebas dalam terminologi Gilpin and Gilpin (2000) di atas dapat disamakan dengan Kelompok Radikal menurut Giddens (2002b), sedangkan Perspektif Populis dan Perspektif Komunitarian menurut Gilpin and Gilpin (2000) tidak lain adalah Kelompok Skeptis menurut Giddens (2002b). ...
This book explain about responsibility and role of state in the era of globalization
... Küreselleşme, ulusal olanın, geleneksel kültürün, siyasal ve coğrafi sınırların ötesine geçerek yeni sosyal ağlar ve etkinlikler yaratmaktadır (Steger, 2006;aktaran Ertürk, 2010). Giddens (2000) küreselleşmeyi temel bir değişim olarak görür. Bu değişim bölgesel bir etki olarak değil, küresel bir etki olarak hayatlarımızı etkiler (Giddens, 2000). ...
... Giddens (2000) küreselleşmeyi temel bir değişim olarak görür. Bu değişim bölgesel bir etki olarak değil, küresel bir etki olarak hayatlarımızı etkiler (Giddens, 2000). Bu kapsamda ekonomik, siyasal ve kültürel boyutta kurumların örgütlenme biçimini de dönüştürür. ...
The new corona virus (COVID-19) epidemic, which emerged in the last weeks of 2019 in Wuhan, China and became a pandemic in a short time, has reached 1 million 800 thousand deaths and a total of 81 million confirmed cases as of the end of 2020. With the pandemic, there are radical changes in people's basic lifestyles such as sanitation, nutrition, housing, education and shopping. In addition, unemployment, economic recession and the ustainability
of health systems continue to be the primary public agenda. Mutual cooperation at national and international level is of great importance so that the pandemic does not turn into an
international crisis. In the statement dated March 11, 2020, which the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic, the pandemic was not only described as a public health crisis, but as a crisis that would touch all sectors. WHO's recommendations for national health policies are seen during the pandemic process. The aim of the study is to examine what kind of communication strategies are followed by WHO during the pandemic process and what effects these forms of communication have on national health policies. In the study, analyzes based on WHO primary data sources, literature review and theoretical review method were
preferred. In the study, the risk communication documents prepared by WHO for nation-state health systems and the categorical frequency of the information shared during the pandemic process, their distribution by months, the periodic comparative pandemic preparedness and performance status of nation states were examined. These data have been interpreted within the framework of diffusion theory and risk communication concepts. As a result, it is understood that risk communication strategies developed by WHO are effective in improving the
preparedness of nation-state health systems against pandemics. It was observed that the level of preparedness of the countries increased significantly in this process. Although the precise
data on the impact of WHO on this increase are limited, it is thought that WHO reports can set the agenda on the level of competence of countries in combating the pandemic, lead policy
makers and lead at national and international level. It is understood that WHO plays a catalytic role in the management of the pandemic, facilitating the international sharing of scientific
information, reporting the findings and strengthening the nation-state health systems with good practices.
... Те ризике карактерише непредвидивост и значајан утицај на све аспекте друштвеног живота. Модерни процеси дигитализације, развој вештачке интелигенције и брза технолошка иновација такође доприносе стварању нових облика ризика (Giddens, 2002). Стога, друштва морају развијати колективне механизме управљања ризицима, како би осигурала стабилност и одрживост на глобалном нивоу (Luhmann, 1993). ...
... These risks are characterized by unpredictability and substantial impact on all aspects of social life. Modern processes of digitization, development of artificial intelligence and rapid technological innovation also contribute to the emergence of new forms of risks (Giddens, 2002). Therefore, societies musts develop collective risk management mechanisms in order to ensure stability and sustainability at the global level (Luhmann, 1993). ...
The paper analyzes China's newly-proposed initiatives in the sphere of artificial intelligence (AI) governance and the development of digital infrastructure, with a focus on the Global AI Governance Initiative and Digital Silk Road Initiative. Through the analysis of political documents, government statements and existing literature, the paper examines manners in which China positions itself as a leader in AI governance, while simultaneously spreading its digital impact at the global level. China's dual approach - promoting the AI governance framework and construction of digital infrastructure abroad - is claimed to enable China to form international norms and standards related to new technologies. However, this strategy causes concerns in terms of digital authoritarianism, technological dependence and privacy issues. By examining the interaction between Chinese national and international digital policies, this research contributes to understanding AI geopolitical implications and digital technologies
... Данас преко 5,5 милијарди људи користи интернет у свакодневном животу (Forbes, 2024). Ипак, процеси дигитализације уз развој вештачке интелигенције утичу на развој нових форми ризика (Giddens, 2002). ...
... Nowadays, over 5.5 billion people worldwide use the internet in everyday life (Forbes, 2024). However, digitalization processes, together with the development of artificial intelligence, lead to the emergence of new forms of risk (Giddens, 2002). ...
... The evolution of urban lifestyles and women's contributions to society have altered individuals' attitudes toward role distribution and, accordingly, power distribution within the family (Sarukhani & Dodman, 2010). Giddens (2003) believes that family roles and the roles of its members are fundamentally changing, and these changes are particularly evident in terms of individual and social identity. He argues that in the past generation, the relationship between men and women was based on fixed roles, especially in traditional marriages. ...
The present research tried to identify the level of marital satisfaction of employed women and men and examine the effect of factors affecting their marital satisfaction such as gender attitude in Sari city, Iran. To this end, number of participants were randomly selected for taking part in a survey. After collecting the required data, they were analyzed and their results were presented. According to the results of present study, it was shown that women have more modern attitudes toward gender roles than men, and that men report a higher traditional attitude toward women, which is consistent with many studies also men had more marital satisfaction than women. Also, based on the results of current study, the most influential independent variables on the level of marital satisfaction of the respondents were gender of the respondent, acceptance rate of gender role (traditional) attitude, and the amount of division of gender tasks. Moreover, according to the results, the more traditional participants were the more they were satisfied with their marriage. Also it was revealed that with the increase in the level of perceived fairness of the division of household labor, the level of participation of family members in the division of household labor rose. Also, it was found that by increasing the amount of division of household labor between couples, their marital satisfaction improved. Lastly, this research presents the idea that the acceptance of traditional gender roles among couples as an important aspect of people's beliefs about marriage and family responsibilities and its role in the division of household labor can have a significant relationship with marital satisfaction. Therefore, by carrying out the present study, it was shown that considering the role of gender attitude and its impacts of marital satisfaction should not neglected and it seems there should be further studies to consider some other important factors, including women's employment and men's participation in household labor to reach more reliable results.
... In conditions of globalization this difference can be gradually balanced. Among advantages of globalization are the ecological management, governance of the world economy, control of warfare and fostering of transnational democracy (Giddens 2002;Ross 2002). A globally coordinated unemployment protection would inhibit migrations and help people to develop professional skills according to new demands (Ghislieri et al. 2018). ...
Idiocy that makes history: an update. 2025. ⟨hal-05061650⟩
Available at: https://hal.science/hal-05061650
... In conditions of globalization this difference can be gradually balanced. Among advantages of globalization are ecological management, governance of the world economy, control of warfare and fostering of transnational democracy [85,86]. A globally coordinated unemployment protection would inhibit migrations and help people to develop professional skills according to new demands [87]. ...
One of the most precarious issues that humanity is currently facing is the environmental degradation. Global population continues to rise in absolute terms despite generally declining birth rates. Poverty, overcrowding, air and water pollution are consequences of the populace excess. To find a remedy, a new attitude to the childbearing should be accepted worldwide: the procreation is a matter of public concern. Global acceptance of this maxim is a prerequisite of international understanding and trust. Several regions are discussed here in some detail: the former Soviet Union, sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Asia and the Middle East. The topics of migrations and reproductive coercion are briefly delineated here. Particular ways to alleviation of overpopulation-related problems are discussed: nuclear energy for water desalination in arid regions; permanent contraception, vasectomy and caesarean tubal sterilization. So far, the population size can be controlled using humane, scientifically based methods, taking into account ecological and economical realities. It will not stay that way forever.
... Neoliberalism, consummated by the notion of globalization, is no longer a doctrine and economic policy, but a hegemonic discourse in various areas of public life: from the conceptions of law, justice and equality, to the ways in which countries organize their public policies and allocate their investments, such as education. However, according to Giddens (1999), globalization has not developed in an equitable manner, especially in terms of distribution and access to its benefits, culturally assuming an unpleasant appearance of westernization. In Latin America specifically, globalization has meant the exhaustion of a stage of economic development that was characterized by self-centered industrialization at a national level and dependent on external financing; by accelerated modernization and urbanization that was out of step with the industry's own productive capacity; and finally, by a strong presence of the intervening state, regulating or replacing private activity (Coraggio, 2000). ...
Background: Notions such as equity and social justice have permeated educational discourse in a variety of contexts and situations throughout history. This study considers the particular context of the global agenda spearheaded by UNESCO, which became known under the slogan "education for all." In order to better understand the discourses mobilized and emanating from this agenda, the World Declaration on Education for All, signed in 1990, was adopted as the object of analysis. To this end, the social order since the founding of UNESCO in the 1940s was considered, including the transformations of capitalism, the advance of neoliberalism, and the process of globalization. Next, the text of the Declaration was approached from the perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis, observing elements such as interdiscursivity/intertextuality, modality, transitivity, as well as legitimization strategies. Finally, in light of the analyses carried out, some implications and impacts of these discourses and the "education for all" agenda were discussed.
... This demographic shift has significantly altered the role of cities, positioning them not merely as administrative units but as dynamic participants in global affairs. Short et al. (2000) argue that globalisation has redefined cities as new international actors, while Giddens (2003) highlights how this shift has empowered local governments to become crucial nodes in global networks. Paradiplomacy, or subnational diplomacy, has thus emerged as a critical mechanism through which cities directly engage in international relations. ...
This paper examines the role of paradiplomacy in Surabaya's approach to addressing global sustainability challenges from 2016 to 2020. As a key city in Indonesia, a Global South country, Surabaya illustrates how local governments can leverage international partnerships to address pressing urban and environmental issues. The study highlights how Surabaya's strategic collaborations with cities such as Kitakyushu and Liverpool align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly focusing on environmental sustainability and urban development. Despite facing significant socio-economic inequalities and institutional constraints due to Indonesia’s decentralisation laws, Surabaya has utilised paradiplomacy to integrate global standards into local policies effectively. The city’s partnerships have facilitated knowledge exchange and resource mobilisation, aiding in tackling issues like waste management and infrastructure development. This approach demonstrates a shift from traditional state-centric diplomacy to a more nuanced, subnational engagement that empowers cities in the Global South. Through Surabaya’s experiences, the paper provides valuable insights into how other cities with similar challenges can adopt paradiplomatic strategies to enhance their sustainability efforts and contribute to global discussions on sustainable urban development.
... Extending the view from businesses to society at large, the idea of a decline of the "local" toward a rise of the "global", has been described by Giddens (2002), among others, as a facet of the transition into modern forms of society. However, already before Giddens, eminent sociologists like Tönnies (1887) and Weber (1922) reasoned about modern society in the sense that it is governed to a far stronger extent by global, market-driven principles, which they termed "Gesellschaft," than traditional, local, more valuecentric communities, which they denoted as "Gemeinschaft." ...
This study explores the degree of globalization within the Information Systems (IS) discipline. Global scientific collaboration plays a pivotal role in crafting solutions that can address the increasingly prevalent global challenges. Conversely, we are witnessing a period where political priorities are increasingly centered on reinforcing the nation-state and resolving local problems. As the calls for localized research and a reevaluation of theoretical foundations gain momentum, the IS discipline grapples with a complex balancing act, navigating between its global aspirations and the imperative to address local realities. Employing historical and geospatial network analysis spanning the years 1979 to 2021, this research assesses the geographical patterns of research collaborations within the IS discipline. It provides an updated appraisal of Galliers and Meadows’ study from two decades ago, in the face of increased geopolitical tensions and the politicization of research.
... Challenges in preserving and transmitting cultural heritage are the product of multiple factors, including technological advancements (Maphas, 2008;Charr 2019), the erosion of local distinctions in cultural practices and their transmission, and, as noted by B. Mumcu (2023), phenomena such as urbanization, postmodernism, media and globalization. Among these, globalization (Robertson 1992;Giddens 2002) is particularly significant in driving cultural transformation. Paradoxically, this process initially highlights local differences, fragmenting traditional cultures into new forms, only to subsequently steer societies toward a singular global culture. ...
This research examines the intangible cultural heritage of Türkiye’s Bosnian population to determine the extent to which it has sought to render that cultural legacy sustainable. The study uses a qualitative approach by analyzing data secured via interviews with the leadership of 22 Bosnian associations in Türkiye. Interviews were evaluated using content analysis facilitated by MAXQDA software, with 4 themes, 16 categories and 100 subcategories included within the scope of the study. The research findings are grouped under the following four themes: Bosnian culture, Bosnian traditions, lost Bosnian cultural values and the sustainability of cultural heritage. In general, the study found that Bosnians living in Türkiye have a rich food and beverage culture and see these as indispensable elements of their daily lives. Although Bosnian clothing culture includes a quite variety of articles, their use in daily life has decreased considerably. Bosnian custom includes very colorful traditions that take place on special occasions, like weddings, celebrations, funerals and the sending-off of soldiers. Although some of these traditions continue to be practiced today, a significant number are on the verge of disappearing. Those who try to preserve the Bosnian language seek to do so by organizing language courses, speaking it at home and providing opportunities for social interactions in Bosnian. Bosnians who organize festivals, celebrations and scientific events to ensure the sustainability of their culture have not lost hope of keeping their rich cultural heritage alive.
... Transnational capital and non-state market players sought to neutralise statehood to increase control over society and the economy (Ohmae, 1995;. For advocates of globalisation, the pre-existing state system was insufficient and inadequate for the new tasks it was called upon to perform (Giddens, 2002). Indeed, as the financial and market systems became more integrated, supranational, and regional, local actors became involved in the decision-making of policies along with national governments (Chakravartty & Sarikakis, 2006). ...
... Although the study looks at individual experiences, insight from the collective informs global understanding, interconnectedness, and socio-cultural associations. Today's global world continues to bring multicultural social connections and relationships closer through the diverse interflow of information and knowledge (Giddens, 1999;Karacsony, Pásztóová, Vinichenko & Huszka, 2022:3). Furthermore, this diverse interflow extends beyond human experience to include hyper-connected technology in a rapidly changing world (Lashgarara, Mirdamadi, Hosseini, 2009:002642). ...
With the Covid-19 pandemic, the ability of creativity educators to adapt to change has been more apparent. Flexibility in their educational approach, content, and environment, using their self-directed learning, whole-brain thinking and digital learning competencies to transition during a crisis, is on demand. This study was conducted with interest in the modifications and alterations made to instructional practices for digital learning rather than in the type of technology used or digital network failures.
... We cannot ignore the changes and cannot continue doing business as usual. Globalization is a lasting trend, not a mere accident (Giddens, 1999b). ...
... Apparently, in a world that seems to be spinning out of control (Giddens 2002) and where our unintended ac>ons or the side-effects of addressing one problem merely led to other problems (Beck 1992), modernist construc>ons of rights-bearing subjects, freedoms of speech and organiza>on, and democra>c governance are less and less relevant. In making these points, the polycrisis resonates strongly with 1990s and 2000s framings of globaliza>on as problema>zing state-based assump>ons about policymaking and making a break from modernist assump>ons of linear and, thereby, instrumental agency. ...
Draft paper for 'Polycritical Law' workshop, LSE, 8-9 May 2025 Introduction That we are in a condition of polycrisis is now a well-established trope. As its recent progenitor Adam Tooze (2022) states, 'A polycrisis is not just a situation where you face multiple crises. It is a situation like that mapped in the risk matrix, where the whole is even more dangerous than the sum of the parts.' The concept is designed to problematize simplistic cause-and-effect understandings of problems and solutions. It does so by stressing the entanglement of problems across time and space. Broadly interpreted, this means, firstly, that problems cannot be engaged with as if they were distinct entities, as if questions of economy and welfare could be cut from those of climate change and conflict, for example. And, secondly, that problems can only be addressed at the level of their effects rather than searching for causes. This inverses the relationship between the subject and the world. This shift is legitimated upon the basis of the perceived failure of modernist modes of governance, too detached from their constituencies and too out of touch with the realities of the world. It promises a fantasy of repair, a return to a people-centred approach, that engages populations previously excluded. Polycritical law seeks thereby to govern in ways that adapt to the contemporary exhaustion of politics. As will be discussed below, the polycrisis shifts the register away from global liberal managerial imaginaries (of the 2000s) and their faded echoes in Latourian attempts of re-enchantment and new climate regimes (in the 2010s) to present a less celebratory registering of our post-political world.
... It contributed to the emergence of 'transnational social spaces' (Pries, 2001), while statehood transcended the national framework (Jessop, 2002;Robinson, 2012). The scientific discussion about this wave of globalization had its preliminary peak between the late 1990s and the mid-2000s (Applebaum and Robinson, 2005;Giddens, 1999;Sassen, 1997;Stiglitz, 2002;Wolf, 2004). Although this discussion also referred to the contradictions of globalization, such as increasing social inequality and financial crises, many authors perceived globalization as an evolutionary process. ...
This introductory essay will give a brief overview of the debate on globalization, including different periodizations (500-year perspective 250-year perspective and 50-year perspective) which shape diverging understandings of (de)globalization. Regarding the current conjuncture, we have diagnosed three areas that are causing cracks in the status quo of neoliberal globalization: geoeconomic competition between nation states; conflicts within societies, particularly related to the rise of the far-right; and conflicts over ecological limits. Although neoliberal globalization has been legitimized by the promise of peace and prosperity through free trade and endless growth, these conflicts have been built into the system from the very beginning. Therefore, we call these contradictions ‘the grand delusions of globalization’. After presenting this overarching framework, the introduction will conclude with an outline of the articles in this special issue, thereby highlighting different drivers of deglobalization, particularly the interplay between sudden exceptional events (‘deglobalization by disaster’) and long-term strategies (‘deglobalization by design’).
... In contrast, cultural hybridity involves the recombination and restructuring of various cultural elements to create new cultural forms. For example, fashion designers integrate aspects of different cultures to craft garments that reflect this cultural diversity, while culinary traditions blend flavors from various backgrounds to develop new taste experiences (Giddens, 2002). Cultural hybridity is a crucial process as it explains how cultures interact and exchange influences in a way that drives their evolution. ...
... In digitalization, individuals are influenced by social structures and play a role in shaping them. In digital da'wah, women are using social media to create new structures that allow them to gain religious authority despite facing patriarchal barriers [38,39]. Muttaqin highlights that female preachers on social media form a unique and more inclusive religious narrative [24]. ...
... These shifts, rather than being mere aberrations or reactions to modernity, signal a deeper restructuring of the foundational premises upon which secularism and the nation-state were built. The rise of transnational movements, the dissolution of territorial certainties, and the increasing complexity of global interdependencies pose fundamental challenges to the sovereignty of nation-states, while the cosmopolitanization of the world restructures the conditions under which power, authority, and identity are constituted (Bauman 2000;Beck 1999;Beck and Sznaider 2006;Giddens 1990Giddens , 2002Jong 2022). These transformations, however, are not external to modernity but are instead the unintended consequences of its rationalization, expansion, and contradictions-manifesting as crises that undermine the very structures they once reinforced (Beck 1992). ...
The contemporary restructuring of religion and secularism demands a departure from conventional post-secular analyses that remain confined within the epistemic and institutional frameworks of the nation-state. This paper develops the concept of post-secular cosmopolitanization to theorize the dissolution of the secular–religious binary as a regulatory mechanism of power, revealing how religion and secularism are co-constituted through global entanglements that transcend national boundaries. Unlike dominant conceptions of post-secularism, which assumes the continued dominance of secular and national institutions despite religious resurgence, post-secular cosmopolitanization captures the ways in which transnational religious movements, digital religious networks, and global governance structures are reshaping religious authority, secular regulation, and political sovereignty. It is shown that this transformation leads to three major consequences: (1) the erosion of the nation-state’s regulatory monopoly over religious life as alternative religious and transnational actors emerge as influential governance entities; (2) the deterritorialization and fragmentation of religious authority, undermining traditional clerical and institutional hierarchies; and (3) the blurring of religious and secular domains, where global economic, legal, and political structures increasingly integrate religious actors, norms, and ethical frameworks. These developments signal a paradigmatic shift beyond the secularization thesis and dominant conceptions of post-secularism, necessitating a reconsideration of how power, governance, and religious authority function in a world no longer structured by the nation-state’s exclusive claim to sovereignty. By analyzing these entanglements, this paper provides a theoretical framework to understand the reconfiguration of global secular and religious orders, challenging entrenched assumptions about the trajectory of modernity.
... Peter Dicken, küreselleşmeye ekonomik etkileşimler arasındaki "fonksiyonel entegrasyonun" ve "coğrafi yayılmacılığın" artması olarak bir tanım getirir (Dicken, 2015: 1). Anthony Giddens'e göre küreselleşme; ekonomik, kültürel, politik ve teknolojik alanlarda gerçekleşen karşılıklı etkileşimlerin bütünüdür (Giddens, 2002: 2). Philip G. Cerny'e göre ise küreselleşme; ürün ve hizmetlerin uluslararası siyasal ekonomi bağlamında etkileşerek birleşmesi anlamına gelir (Cerny, 1995). ...
The Covid-19 pandemic, effective worldwide since the first half of 2020, necessitated the implementation of
measures such as full lockdowns and curfews, which had the potential to adversely impact all social and
economic dynamics in both developed and developing countries. As a result of these measures, social life was
constrained, unprecedented contractions were experienced in economies, and the pressures and restrictions
applied by governments in terms of state-society relations became normalised, surpassing what states would
typically enforce during ordinary times. The objective of this article is to explicate the profound global-scale
political and economic consequences that emerged concurrently with the Covid-19 crisis. It aims to discern the
reverberations of this crisis within the axes of globalisation and developmental paradigms, while offering
discerning insights into prospective impacts. While globalisation is generally associated with the liberal
paradigm and development with the realist paradigm, this study transcends this dualistic explanation. It posits
that these two paradigms, conceptualised as ostensibly mutually exclusive processes, are, in fact, internally
intertwined. The study contends that the adversities arising from the Covid-19 pandemic have simultaneously
influenced both processes in a convergent manner. Within the scope of this research, an initial exposition
addresses the historical antecedents of epidemic maladies and their attendant influence on the international
system. Subsequently, a meticulously crafted foundation is laid for the theoretical underpinnings of
globalisation and development. Thereafter, the study meticulously delineates the current state of affairs
engendered by the Covid-19 pandemic. The denouement of this endeavour entails a discerning synthesis of
extant data and antecedent experiences, from which conscientiously formulated projections regarding
forthcoming ramifications are derived. In this vein, the study employs the methodologies of historical research
and descriptive analysis to bolster its analytical framework.
... Ulrich Beck's concept of the "risk society" aptly describes this world of heightened vulnerability, where individuals and communities face new and unpredictable threats (Beck, 1992). Similarly, Anthony Giddens' notion of the "runaway world" highlights the instability of modern life and the loss of traditional security frameworks (Giddens, 1999). ...
... The transition from technical skills to "general skills" was one of the most defining developments in educational policy of the post-war period. Education increasingly focused on strengthening social cohesion, political participation, and personal development, aiming to prepare young people for the challenges of globalization and continuously evolving professional and social conditions (Giddens, 2000). The need to develop "soft skills", such as critical thinking, communication, collaboration and problem-solving, was highlighted as societies faced the challenges of globalization and the rapid evolution of professional and social conditions (OECD, 2018). ...
Education in Europe has a long historical tradition as a tool for social structuring and cultural progress. Over the centuries, the skills cultivated in schools have continuously adapted to the prevailing cultural, economic, and technological needs. From the ancient societies of Greece and Rome to the Renaissance and the Industrial Revolution, the skills integrated into education have reflected the demands of each era. However, modern Europe faces new challenges, such as digital transformation, climate change, and social inequalities, which shape the strategic direction of the European Union’s (EU) education policies. The EU recognizes the importance of education as a driver of development, not only in terms of professional adaptation but also in fostering active citizens capable of participating in society and advancing democratic processes. Education policies focus on strengthening fundamental skills, such as communication and critical thinking, while also emphasizing new, contemporary skills, such as digital and environmental competencies, to meet the demands of the 21st century. The Digital Compass 2030 initiative serves as a key tool in preparing citizens for emerging technological challenges, while the Sustainable Development Strategy promotes environmental awareness and sustainability. This study aims to examine the evolution of knowledge and skills in European education, emphasizing how modern educational strategies integrate technological and social challenges. Specifically, it highlights the significance of school years as a foundation for developing skills that foster collaboration, critical thinking, and social responsibility. This study adopts a multidimensional approach that encompasses social, economic, and environmental dimensions, identifying the role of skills in preparing students for the challenges of the future.
... En lo que corresponde a la carrera de comercio exterior se enseñó los principios básicos tales como la Globalización de mercado, así como lo dice Giddens (1999), "la globalización no solo está asociada con las relaciones económicas entre países, sino que también implica transformaciones culturales, políticas y sociales a nivel mundial" se implica esta incidencia en sus negocios y el conocimiento de libre mercado se explicó conforme lo indica el autor Mises (1949), "el mercado libre no es un privilegio otorgado por el Estado, sino una condición que surge de la acción humana y su interacción". ...
El artículo aborda los procesos de vinculación universitaria que desarrolla la Universidad Laica Vicente Rocafuerte de Guayaquil (ULVR), donde la institución planifica su integración con diversos sectores de la sociedad para atender sus demandas y necesidades. Este enfoque está orientado al diseño de estrategias que promuevan el desarrollo humano y social, apoyadas en una efectiva transferencia de conocimiento, ciencia y tecnología. Durante el semestre anterior, los estudiantes de quinto semestre de la Facultad de Administración trabajaron en colaboración con la Prefectura del Guayas, enfocándose en capacitar a emprendedores mediante asesorías especializadas en contabilidad, comercio exterior y aspectos fiscales, con el objetivo de fortalecer sus habilidades empresariales. Los objetivos del programa incluyeron proporcionar una formación integral en contabilidad y comercio exterior, mejorar el control financiero y el monitoreo empresarial, y educar sobre las obligaciones fiscales y legales para evitar sanciones. El programa comenzó con un diagnóstico basado en encuestas iniciales que permitieron identificar las necesidades específicas de los emprendedores. Los resultados revelaron carencias significativas en conocimientos contables, tributarios y de comercio exterior, lo que motivó la realización de asesorías en conceptos básicos de estas áreas. Se destacó la importancia de comprender estos aspectos para garantizar la legalidad y estabilidad financiera de los negocios, además de facilitar su crecimiento sostenible a largo plazo. Las conclusiones resaltan la relevancia del conocimiento en contabilidad y comercio exterior para la toma de decisiones empresariales, así como la eficacia de herramientas tecnológicas y métodos contables y logísticos en la mejora del control financiero. Estos elementos son fundamentales para un crecimiento sostenible y subrayan la necesidad de contar con asesoría profesional para evitar sanciones fiscales y garantizar el cumplimiento legal.
... Modernity has been described in term of a developing "risk society" (Beck 1986, Giddens 1999, in part because technological complexity and environmental threats mean that cause and consequence cannot be grasped and controlled directly. We once trusted a multitude of intermediaries (doctors, scientists, banks, electricity companies, and so on) to control cause and effect, but as that trust breaks down, each of those relations becomes a calculation of risk, with attendant anxiety. ...
Risk management provides a series of concepts applicable to all levels of translation, from social relations through to the translator’s decision making. Distinctions can be made between credibility risk (clients and receivers trust the translator), uncertainty risk (the translator decides between underdetermined alternatives) and communicative risk (the translation must fulfill a social function). These concepts help describe how cognitive processes change with collaborative translation (where risk transfer comes to the fore), with machine translation (appropriate for texts with low communicative risks,) and with the role of emotions in decision-making (since risk strategies have long been recognized as being emotionally motivated).
... Nitekim 1990'lı yıllarda postmodernist bakış açılarının teknolojik çalışmaları canlandırması (Collyer, 1997: 202-203) ile hızlanan dijitalleşme etkileri ve kamu yönetim yapısını derinden etkileyen yönü (Doru, vd., 2022: 122), taşıdığı küresellik ile şekillenen, devam eden, artan belirsizlikler ve güvencesizlikler yeni riskler yaratan ekonomik, sosyal ve gelişmeleri tetiklemiştir. Giddens (1999), Bauman (1993) ve Harvey'e (1989) göre; bağlamsal/ilişkisel (çevresel riskler ve sağlık riskleri gibi), kültürel ve algısal riskler (risklerin farklı kültürlerde yansıması), yerel riskler (sel ve su baskınları gibi), küresel riskler (iklim değişikliği gibi), objektif riskler (yaşanabilecek kazalar gibi), subjektif riskler (kişisel risk algısı gibi), sistematik riskler (ekonomik krizler gibi), maddi riskler (mal ve can kaybı gibi), anlık riskler (kazalar gibi), uzun vadeli riskler (iklim değişikliğine bağlı etkiler gibi) şeklinde sınıflandırmak mümkündür. Bu bakımdan özellikle postmodernizmin bilgiye erişim yaklaşımı ile canlanan teknolojik ilerlemeler geleneksel risk yaklaşımlarını farklı bir boyuta taşımıştır. ...
Risk toplumlarının temel özellikleri şunlardır: Risklerin küreselleşmesi, daha çok insan eliyle yaratılması, daha fazla riske maruz kalma, risklerden kaçamama, kendini güvende hissetmeme ve daha fazla güvenceye ihtiyaç duyma. Bu kapsamda Türkiye'nin 21. yy’ın ilk çeyreğinde risk toplumu özellikleri artmıştır. Bu durumun ortaya çıkmasında Türkiye'nin sahip olduğu; sosyal, siyasi, ekonomik, coğrafi ve jeolojik özellikleri büyük rol oynamaktadır. Buna göre çalışmanın temel amacını bir risk toplumu özelliği artan Türkiye’de; evsizliğe neden olan ve bu sorunu derinleştiren faktörlerin tespiti, çözümünde Türkiye'nin Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri (SKH) performansının değerlendirilmesi ve yeni önerilerin sunulması oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma literatür taraması esasına dayanmaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle evsizliğe neden olan faktörler şu çerçevede incelenmiştir: Risk toplumlarının temel özellikleri, artan risk potansiyelleri ve kapsamlı çözüm pratikleri sunan SKH’ler. Sonrasında ise bu durum Türkiye’nin SKH performansı açısından değerlendirilmiş ve çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’de evsizliğe neden olan ve bu sorunu derinleştiren tehlikeleri dört grupta toplamak mümkündür: İnsan kaynaklı, doğal kaynaklı, biyolojik kaynaklı ve sosyoekonomik kaynaklı. Bu faktörlerden en etkili olanı sosyoekonomik faktörlerdir. Türkiye'de evsizlik sorununun çözümü daha çok ortaya çıkan sonucun yönetilmesinden (toplu konut, sosyal yardımlar vb.) öte kökünden çözümlenmesi şeklinde (ekonomik eşitsizliklerin giderilmesi, toplumsal refahın adil yansıması vb. şeklinde) olmalıdır. Bu kapsamda SKH’ler oldukça kapsamlı stratejiler içermektedir. Özellikle 16. ve 17. hedefler ekseninde geleneksel ve modern çözümlerin birlikte ele alındığı bütüncül bir çerçevede; 1., 4., 8., 9., 11., 12. ve 13. hedefler önleyici politikalar için uygun iken 2., 3. ve 7. hedefler çözümlemeci yaklaşımlar için uygundur.
... Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, dunia telah mengalami perubahan besar dalam hampir semua aspek kehidupan, yang sering disebut sebagai globalisasi. Giddens (2000) mengatakan bahwa proses ini tidak hanya memengaruhi hubungan antar negara, tetapi juga menyoroti bahwa globalisasi mempercepat interaksi dan ketergantungan lintas batas, yang dipicu oleh perkembangan teknologi informasi, komunikasi, dan transportasi. Dampak globalisasi pada identitas budaya lokal dan global menciptakan dinamika antara tradisi dan modernitas. ...
Dalam buku ini, kami membahas berbagai aspek penting yang terkait
dengan manajemen perubahan, mulai dari teori dan model yang
mendasari, hingga strategi-strategi yang dapat diterapkan oleh organisasi
dalam menghadapi tantangan globalisasi. Setiap bab dalam buku ini
dirancang untuk memberikan wawasan yang komprehensif dan praktis
bagi pembaca yang ingin memahami dan mengimplementasikan
manajemen perubahan secara efektif. Bab pertama membahas
Pendahuluan Manajemen Perubahan, yang akan memberikan dasar
pemahaman tentang pentingnya perubahan dalam konteks organisasi.
Selanjutnya, buku ini menyajikan berbagai teori dan model manajemen
perubahan yang telah banyak dibahas dalam literatur ilmiah, serta
penerapannya dalam konteks nyata. Kami juga mengulas faktor-faktor
pendorong dan penghambat perubahan yang sering kali ditemui oleh
banyak organisasi, serta bagaimana strategi-strategi yang tepat dapat
digunakan untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut.
Pentingnya peran kepemimpinan dalam memandu perubahan juga tidak
kalah pentingnya, dan oleh karena itu kami memasukkan bab khusus
yang membahas tentang Peran Kepemimpinan dalam Manajemen
Perubahan. Selain itu, kami juga membahas dinamika Budaya Organisasi yang memainkan peran besar dalam keberhasilan atau kegagalan suatu
perubahan. Komunikasi yang efektif dalam proses perubahan juga
mendapat perhatian, karena hal ini sangat penting untuk memastikan
bahwa setiap anggota organisasi memahami dan mendukung perubahan
yang sedang berlangsung. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa teknologi telah
menjadi salah satu pendorong utama dalam perubahan organisasi, dan
oleh karena itu kami menambahkan bab mengenai Teknologi dan
Perubahan Organisasi untuk menggali lebih dalam bagaimana teknologi
mempengaruhi cara organisasi beroperasi di era digital ini.
Kami berharap buku ini dapat menjadi referensi yang bermanfaat bagi
para praktisi manajemen, akademisi, serta siapa pun yang tertarik untuk
memahami lebih dalam tentang bagaimana organisasi dapat berhasil
mengelola perubahan di tengah tantangan globalisasi yang terus
berkembang. Buku ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan perspektif baru
dalam mengelola perubahan secara proaktif, dengan menghadirkan teori-
teori yang telah terbukti efektif serta studi kasus yang relevan.
... The question of tradition, according to conservatives, is an element that needs to be given priority because it always contains political truth (Mohamad Abu Bakar, 2000). Tradition is also considered the lifeblood of conservatism (Giddens, 2002). The second principle of conservatism is an action that gives priority to the interests of society over the interests of individuals. ...
The performance of the Malaysian Islamic Party or Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS) in the 14th General Election (GE-14) was unexpected. Despite contesting independently and in a three-cornered fight against Barisan Nasional (BN) and Pakatan Harapan (PH), PAS managed to maintain a significant number of seats at the parliamentary level. Apart from obtaining a more comfortable position in the state of Kelantan, PAS also managed to regain the Terengganu state government with a two-thirds majority. The performance of PAS in Kedah and Pahang also had recorded a significant increase. Using a qualitative research design, this paper attempts to provide an alternative perspective on the idealism and approach applied by PAS before GE-14 as well as the implications based on its performance. The study used observation methods, document analysis and interviews for data collection. The thematic analysis was conducted on the idealism, the political strategy used, and the party’s performance during the election. The two conservative idealisms of PAS are the reintroduction of hudud implementation through Bill 355 as well as the preservation of the Malay-Islam politics continuity. These two ideas have then influenced PAS’s political strategy and campaign ahead of GE-14. The study argues that the restoration of strong support in the East Coast and Northern states was not just due to the conservative approach adopted by PAS. Instead, it was also due to the people’s simultaneous rejection of UMNO-Najib and PH-Mahathir, thus leading PAS to obtain a stronger majority, apart from displaying its improved performance in two other states, namely Pahang and Kedah. However, at the same time, the study also established that PAS conservatism was the main factor that caused PAS to face total rejection in the West Coast and South Coast states of the Peninsula.
This study analyzes the effects of globalization on higher education institutions and the role of cultural diversity on leadership structures. With the acceleration of globalization, higher education institutions have transformed from being mere centers of knowledge production to dynamic social ecosystems where multicultural interactions take place. This transformation has also necessitated the redefinition of the concept of leadership; strategic roles such as vision development, change management, harmonization of different cultural values, and building sustainable academic communities have come to the fore. The structure of the global education ecosystem, the balance between global values and local cultural dynamics, and the impact of cultural diversity on learning processes have been comprehensively addressed in the study. In addition, multicultural leadership models, core competencies required for the development of leadership skills, and the impact of cultural diversity on innovation and creativity have been examined. It has also focused on how new technologies such as digitalization and artificial intelligence have transformed leadership structures. As a result, it has been revealed that flexible and inclusive leadership models that view cultural diversity as a strategic advantage play a critical role in increasing the global competitiveness and sustainability of higher education institutions. In future studies, it is recommended that in-depth studies be conducted on the application of these models in different regional and institutional contexts.
By studying unemployment insurance and activation policies in Belgium, we illustrate a three-way tension between three policy goals: central-level solidarity, subnational autonomy and so-called institutional moral hazard. We develop this framework by analysing how the tensions embedded in is trilemma developed during the devolution that transformed Belgium from a unitary into a federal state. Our analysis, foremost based on 27 interviews with 37 politicians and a series of policy documents. We distinguish three periods starting in the 1980’s that document more in detail the twists and turns of the way in which Belgian federal and regional actors sought new ways of re-balancing these three policy goals. Though this analysis may seem specific to the Belgian case, we conclude that our analysis demonstrates that the tensions we identified in trilemma can occur in all multitiered systems with a potential tension between central-level solidarity and subnational actors that are (perceived to be) able to influence the sustainability of those central systems through their own subnational policies.
The paper shows how the trilemma unfolds as a consequence of political concerns about beliefs about institutional moral hazard. The reorientation of welfare states towards the activation paradigm was associated with the perception that unemployment came to be seen a risk that is heavily influenced by individual behaviour of jobseekers. The decentralisation of activation policies to subnational governments added an institutional intergovernmental dimension to the diagnosis of the risk entailed by unemployment policies. It poses challenges to multitiered welfare states where subnational governments are responsible for activation policies and unemployment benefits remain financed by the central government. In such a context, subnational governments are alleged to have little financial incentive to activate benefit recipients as effectively as possible, and this problem can be framed as a form of ‘institutional moral hazard’. Mitigating this kind of moral hazard can be achieved by reducing central solidarity and/or by reducing subnational autonomy. This poses a set of difficult policy trade-offs for policy makers.
On the other hand, what may appear as a form of institutional moral hazard, might actually be the manifestation of a divergence between the central and subnational governments of the diagnosis of the problem of unemployment and the policies appropriate to cope with this risk. As such, the very diagnosis of moral hazard is crucial to this trilemma and politically contentious.
This research aims to determine the relationship research and the influence of brand community identification, appreciation and brand involvement on brand loyalty among Vespa users in Yogyakarta. The data that will be presented in this research was obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires from 160 samples. Meanwhile, the data collection technique used in this research is non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling method. This research uses purposive sampling because special criteria are needed for the sample to be taken so that it can answer research problems and also provide representative values. Hypothesis testing in this research uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis with the help of AMOS 24 software. The results of this research show that there is an influence between the variables of brand community identification, appreciation, brand involvement and brand loyalty.
The migration process, both voluntary and involuntary along human history has great implications in human well-being and development process. Many writers explained the reasons and push-pull drives of human movements and the consequences that reflect on changes in the social, demographic structures and in the economic and political institutions. The interconnections between human mobility and the development process during the last two Centuries are the milestone for building international relations between the nations, and on the other hand, in the evolution of theories for migration and development studies. This article has been drafted to give a new analytical look at development and migration approaches in the last century and to date. The emphasis is to show the progress of social, demographic transformation and human mobility in the last fifty years that influenced the socioeconomic structure and migration policies. The paper highlights the interrelationship between globalization and migration as two controversial processes for human advancement, and the outcomes brought miserable conditions of inequality and poverty. Finally, the paper suggested that sustainable development goals, particularly goal 8, decent work (SDG8), is directly correlated with globalization and its consequences. The paper concluded that migration is a crucial element for the success of globalization, while indecent work for migrant workers is traced as a persisting phenomenon of inequality and poverty in the 21st century.
Penelitian ini mengarah kepada globalisasi dalam mengubah paradigma pemustaka menjadi masyarakat informasi. Menggunakan metode kualitatif pada pendekatan studi literature dengan cara menelaah buku, literatur, catatan, laporan yang berhubungan dengan masalah yang berkaitan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan, sumber informasi baik informasi yang mereka butuhkan maupun yang tidak mereka butuhkan. Globalisasi sudah mengantarkan masyarakat ke dua pilihan, Positif atau Negatif dalam memperoleh informasi yang dibutuhkan. Konsep masyarakat informasi yang didiskusikan yakni melihat keadaan masyarakat yang terfokus pada keadaan masyarakat saat ini yang sudah menjadi masyarakat global. Hal tersebut bermakna masyarakat sudah berfikir dan bertindak secara bebas karena tersedianya berbagai sumber informasi baik informasi yang mereka butuhkan maupun yang tidak mereka butuhkan. Globalisasi sudah mengantarkan masyarakat ke dua pilihan, Positif atau Negatif dalam memperoleh informasi yang dibutuhkan.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the critical need for inclusive risk governance to address systemic risks that extend beyond health crisis to encompass broader societal, economic, and political dimensions. This article examines the evolution of risk governance in the United Kingdom and South Korea, exploring the intersectionality between state capacity, risk governance, and critical human security. It investigates how different institutional and policy frameworks and political choices influence the evolution of risk governance in two countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. It found that both countries adaptively restructured their institutions and broadened the involvement of diverse stakeholders to address the systemic risk. However, significant challenges persisted in fully integrating diverse perspectives due to the limited capacity of coordination across different actors and scales of government within risk governance. This research calls for a rearticulation of risk governance frameworks that integrate human security and inclusive participation, particularly as risks become increasingly complex and intersect across multiple dimensions of daily life.
The author joins the discussion of the potential of postmodern criminology that was recently started on the pages of the “Russian Journal of Criminology”. Attention is drawn to the similarities and differences in the positions of the debating authors regarding the essential aspects of postmodernist criminology and its prospects in theoretical and practical work. The limits of the author’s participation in the abovementioned discussion are outlined: from the formulation of the question of the essence of modern social sciences and basic trends of their development to the definition of postmodern criminology and the place that constitutive criminology holds within it. The closed character of the question in the article’s headline is stated. The author then suggests discussing some questions that are formulated differently. Why have postmodernism and its varieties become an important part of academic discourse in the latest decades? What justifies the necessity and significance of including chapters on postmodernist criminology in encyclopedias and textbooks? What is behind these practices? What can the potential of postmodernist criminology offer to researchers in the theoretical and methodological sense?
The aim of this article is to evaluate family stability and resilience and to identify the factors influencing family stability. The research method is secondary analysis, in which the data from the "National Family Survey" (2018) has been analyzed. The statistical population includes married individuals from urban centers (provincial capitals and another city from each province) and the sample size was 1450 people selected using a two-stage cluster sampling method. The findings show that the families in the sample have relative stability, with 5% of the families being unstable, 33% balanced, and 62% stable. Among the factors influencing family stability, the variables of intimacy with siblings (beta 0.334), high social acceptance and respect for occupation (beta 0.222), and family size (beta 0.149) have the most significant impact on family stability and resilience, respectively. Training on interpersonal relationship regulation, conflict resolution skills, improving the economic status of couples and families, and creating the basis for economic prosperity can help enhance family resilience. To establish better communication with families, it is suggested to utilize the capacities of virtual space, modern communication technologies, and social media networks.
Keywords: secondary analysis, national family survey, dimensions and components of a stable family, stable and resilient family
Проведене дослідження підтвердило, що міжкультурна комунікація та мовна освіта є ключовими елементами формування громадянської свідомості та соціальної згуртованості в умовах глобалізованого світу. Як наголошено у Стратегії національної безпеки України, розвиток людського капіталу, включно з модернізацією освіти і науки, є стратегічним напрямом державної політики (Стратегія, 2020). Важливість мовної освіти у зміцненні національної ідентичності та забезпеченні демократичних цінностей є незаперечною, що зумовлює необхідність подальших досліджень у сфері міжкультурної взаємодії та адаптації студентів до нового комунікативного середовища. Аналіз останніх досліджень виявив, що в сучасних умовах мовна освіта не повинна зводитися лише до лінгвістичних навичок, а має формувати розуміння культурних кодів і соціокультурних контекстів. Як зазначено у Стратегії, одним із пріоритетів національної безпеки є захист прав, свобод і законних інтересів громадян України, що неможливо без зміцнення системи освіти, зокрема у сфері міжкультурної комунікації (Стратегія, 2020). У цьому контексті необхідно впроваджувати сучасні педагогічні технології, що сприятимуть ефективній інтеграції іноземних студентів та їхньому залученню до українського освітнього простору. З огляду на це перспективи подальших досліджень мають охоплювати розробку нових методологічних підходів до міжкультурної освіти, що базуються на демократичних принципах та взаємоповазі. Як передбачено у Стратегії, розвиток людського капіталу, включно із підвищенням рівня освіти, є основним напрямом забезпечення стійкості суспільства до викликів сучасного світу (Стратегія, 2020). Отже, важливим завданням є інтеграція новітніх технологій у процес навчання та формування міжкультурної компетентності у студентів. Крім того, необхідно продовжувати дослідження впливу мовної політики на соціальну адаптацію та інтеграцію студентів у нове культурне середовище. Враховуючи принципи безпеки людини як основи національної безпеки, важливо створювати освітні стратегії, що сприятимуть збереженню культурного різноманіття та водночас забезпечуватимуть ефективну інтеграцію іноземних студентів у суспільство (Стратегія, 2020). Подальші наукові розвідки мають зосередитися на розробці нових моделей міжкультурної комунікації, що враховують сучасні глобальні виклики. Необхідно інтегрувати здобутки філософії освіти, соціології та культурології для створення ефективних освітніх програм, які відповідатимуть потребам сучасного суспільства. Важливим завданням залишається розробка механізмів взаємодії між закладами вищої освіти та державними інституціями для підвищення рівня міжкультурної толерантності та соціальної згуртованості.
Aims: This study explores how globalization impacts social structures and delinquency among adolescents in the Western Balkans. It examines historical and contemporary globalization factors, analyzes links between globalization, social exclusion, and youth delinquency, and provides recommendations for achieving SDGs. Methods: The study uses a qualitative and analytical approach, analyzing secondary data like globalization indices, GDP growth rates, and PISA reports to assess economic and social development. Case studies and statistical data highlight trends in youth delinquency linked to globalization-driven inequalities. Results: The Western Balkans show lower economic and social development compared to EU and OECD countries. Economic globalization has increased income disparities and poverty, particularly among youth. Marginalized youth face limited access to education, employment, and social services, leading to social exclusion. High youth unemployment and low educational attainment persist, while the decline of traditional structures has driven youth to form "urban tribes" for identity and belonging, reflecting dissatisfaction with societal institutions. Conclusions: Globalization has significantly impacted the Western Balkans, intensifying inequalities and social exclusion, which contribute to increased youth delinquency. Research Implications: The implications of these state-of the-art review can be summarized as follows: 1)Governments and organizations should promote inclusive growth, improve education access, and create youth job opportunities; 2) Regional collaboration is needed to address challenges like youth unemployment and social exclusion; 3) Achieving SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions) requires addressing root causes of delinquency and ensuring globalization benefits vulnerable populations.
Effective political communication, involves the deployment of language by political public
speakers not only to share political visions with the people, but essentially, to enact
ideological positions. Even though scholars have examined ideologies in political speeches,
to the best of our knowledge, adequate works are yet to be done on the strategies and the
language use that index these ideologies. This study examines selected political speeches
of President Muhammadu Buhari (PMB) with the view to identifying and discussing the
ideological stances, the strategies and the linguistic elements employed to enact and
legitimise them. The study deploys Critical Discourse Analysis in the analysis of eight
political speeches of PMB with the view to elucidating the discourse elements and the
strategies deployed to enact shades of ideological stances in the data. The study reveals
that PMB selects proforms, auxiliary verbs, action verbs, descriptive adjectives, concrete
nouns and descriptive phrases to enact and legitimise unity of purpose, shared responsibility
and shared glorification and, to achieve positive self-imaging while delineating others
negatively.
This book explain about history, theories, analysis and policy innovation
Apatheism, a unique attitude of indifference to religion and the question of God’s existence, is becoming increasingly prominent in the context of contemporary socio-cultural changes, particularly among younger generations. This article comprehensively analyzes apatheism, exploring its origins, distinct characteristics, and evolution in the face of escalating secularization. Drawing on research and theory, including the concepts of Robert J. Nash and Jonathan Rauch, the authors present various perspectives on apatheism, highlighting its unique aspects and contrasting them with other non-theistic attitudes such as atheism, agnosticism, and secularism. The article delves into the social and cultural contexts of apatheism and its potential implications for the future of religion in society, as well as the challenges and needs it raises. The study aims to demonstrate how apatheism aligns with the broader landscape of contemporary social change and its potential influence on future forms of religiosity and spirituality. The concluding remarks offer insight into how to think practically and theologically about apatheism so that pastoral offerings have a chance to meet the challenge.
The article is devoted to the theoretical and methodological study of the crisis phenomenon. Based on the developments of U. Beck and N. Luhmann, the authors examine the process of how rationality, trying to get rid of external dangers and control an increasing number of elements of the environment, produces more and more risks. It is analyzed how the logic of "rationalization", "managerialization", "calculativeness", "dynamism" becomes an integral and recognized attribute of modern society and at the same time leads to the emergence of new risks. Attention is also paid to how risks are transformed into a commodity with a visible and stable audience of constant consumption. In this light, the authors aim to build a research scheme for further analysis of the strategies of social agents in the conditions of riskogenicity and chrysogenicity of modernity. For this purpose, they turn to the analysis of the societies of the Modern Other as producers and objects of specific risks. Authors analyze separately the constitutive nature of risks, that is, as chosenness, producedness and implementedness by the system, where reveals the "double paradox of unreliability". Special emphasis is placed on how the industrialization of risk production forms a new arrangement of political forces in society and how it transforms the nature of symbolic struggle at the macro level and subjectivity at the micro level. It is demonstrated that the logic of "permanent choice" and "doom to flexibility" leads to the permanence of diversity, uncertainty, instability, and fragility of the objects of choice and to their involvement in the agent's identity. The formation of the fundamental paradox of the "actor doomed to act without the guarantee of his own subjectivity" is separately investigated. The authors justify another paradox, that the crisis is constituted in the reality of everyday life only when there is also a crisis pattern among the patterns of perception and action. The authors pay attention to "layers of strength", "typed crises", "backup ways", ways of preserving "pieces" of "torn social fabric", the phenomenon of "crisis things", as well as, in particular, to the processuality of the fabrication of continuity of communication, interaction, practice, habits, discourses. Particular attention is paid to the phenomenon of integration of the "crisis" into the order of the social institution and the key parameters of this process are highlighted, noting that the social institution "expands" itself due to the integration into its order of elements from the surrounding environment.
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