This book, which is informed by extensive field work, combining interviews and participant observation, provides a comprehensive study of key issues related to crucial differences in the relationship between collective identity and organisation in two of Bolivia's most important social movements and how these differences impacted on the two movements' participation in the process of writing a new Bolivian constitution and, subsequently, implementing the changes it sets out, in particular, regarding the rights of indigenous peoples to self-determination and territory. The book offers an overview of the historical processes, socio-political structures and cultural issues that have influenced recent developments and changes in Bolivia. It offers important insights into key issue regarding the identity and organisation of Latin American social movements generally.