No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Culture and Society, 1780-1950
... According to Mantra (1993) and Geriya (2007) the attitudes and interactions of islanders with people from diverse cultural backgrounds played a significant role in shaping the Balinese culture. Williams (1983) described culture as a set of everyday activities in which people participate in response to changing societal norms, He proposed that individuals cannot continue to act in the same ways they done in the past. Additionally, Clifford (1994) discovered that the distinct cultural response is still in the early stages of development and has yet to be fully realised. ...
... Additionally, Clifford (1994) discovered that the distinct cultural response is still in the early stages of development and has yet to be fully realised. Both Williams (1983) and Clifford (1994) emphasised the concept of continuous cultural renewal, highlighting the importance of Balinese social ties that are both collaborative and competitive. Nordholt (1986), Agung (1991), and Vickers (2013) made additional contributions to the evolution of Balinese culture, stating that Balinese rulers constructed this culture to show their supremacy. ...
Many parts of Balinese social life have been impacted by modernisation in the traditional house due to cultural tourism, which has fuelled the preservation of traditional Balinese culture. This study examines how the Balinese have accepted a modern level of living while maintaining traditional areas to preserve cultural heritage in their houses to show this paradoxical phenomenon. To examine this paradoxical phenomenon, memories of the Balinese people regarding alterations in their houses over time were consolidated, and the spatial narrative of the house was reconstructed through architectural examinations and interviews. Using a graphic analysis of physical changes to the house, the meaning and values of the changes were tracked and adjusted. This article reveals that the house has experienced continuous transformations over its lifetime. Icons from the past have been placed in the house, but their true importance has not been conveyed. The new order of the traditional house illustrates the evolution of spatial and time perception among the Balinese. When it comes to modern living, the house represents a lifestyle that rejects old values and meanings in favour of a more streamlined and efficient design. Traditional values have played an essential role in retaining the traditional appearance of the physical transition. This research is carried out to show how the transformation of the traditional house still preserves the Balinese identity, thereby providing a novel perspective on a dynamic cultural transformation in the search for balance between economic benefit and cultural preservation in the tourism economy.
... To answer my question, I decided to employ Gramsci's analytical perspective and in particular his concept of civil society (Gramsci, 1975: 75-100 and 195-199), understood as the place of social conflict where the ruling class exercises hegemony over society (Williams, 1958). ...
... With respect to the educational inequalities faced by the school-age population, we can consider the developments of a Gramscian analysis through the exponents of socalled British Cultural Studies, which have played a leading role in highlighting the relationship between dominant culture and school education. Hoggart (1958) and Williams (1958), for example, were among the first to argue that the reproduction of educational inequalities paid for by the children of the working class depends precisely on the school's attempts to assimilate the latter into middle-class culture. According to these scholars, education becomes truly universalist only when the construction of a common expressive code that overcomes the cultural monopoly of the ruling class is preferred over assimilation. ...
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/13675494241287932?fbclid=IwY2xjawGgPu5leHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHVGnkq1rJ7OoXV3nZOa_TGVDP8vaw22ZT62Jo41musj9qC-wUNi2tvnTuA_aem_ImbWSNcjo8frXSVRmNPYXQ
... To answer my question, I decided to employ Gramsci's analytical perspective and in particular his concept of civil society (Gramsci, 1975: 75-100 and 195-199), understood as the place of social conflict where the ruling class exercises hegemony over society (Williams, 1958). ...
... With respect to the educational inequalities faced by the school-age population, we can consider the developments of a Gramscian analysis through the exponents of socalled British Cultural Studies, which have played a leading role in highlighting the relationship between dominant culture and school education. Hoggart (1958) and Williams (1958), for example, were among the first to argue that the reproduction of educational inequalities paid for by the children of the working class depends precisely on the school's attempts to assimilate the latter into middle-class culture. According to these scholars, education becomes truly universalist only when the construction of a common expressive code that overcomes the cultural monopoly of the ruling class is preferred over assimilation. ...
The aim of this article is to examine the revival of popular schools in Italy, focusing on the ‘network of Roman popular schools’. This is a little researched but highly relevant topic in sociology nowadays, due to the innovative way it links politics and education in an increasingly unequal society. Inspired by research gathered over 4 years of participant observation and 28 in-depth interviews, I describe the way in which popular educators combine social mutualism, typical of Italian Antagonistic Left movements, with critical pedagogical practices: education is considered by activists as a way of doing politics by other means, in line with the origins of popular education enacted by the labor movement in the two past centuries and in particular with the pedagogical experience promoted by Lorenzo Milani, in turn capable of uniting Gramscian and Freirian thought. Popular educators address their educational actions to the social recognition of subaltern students, who are otherwise stigmatized by the dominant culture. In this way, a very interesting counter-hegemonic practice seems to be generated that entails not only the learners’ identity but also that of the educator themselves. This analysis leads to the identification of new popular education as a form of class and cultural struggle aimed at restoring social recognition to the working class.
... The research investigates the similarities between the social reality of Brazil in the 1950s and the literature of Jorge Amado, tracing relationships between the ideas of modernization, development and revolution in customs with the author's literary body. In order to investigate how Amado's political-intellectual performance is inseparable from the historical transformations experienced by this author, we rely on the conception, fully defended by Williams (1960), that the intellectual is not an isolated island, but the product of a social trajectory, a SciELO Preprints -Este documento é um preprint e sua situação atual está disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.9828 certain socialization process, a set of social relations. ...
... Com ele, o país viveria uma fase áurea do desenvolvimentismo. (VILLELA, 2011, p. 27-28 Nessa direção, apoiamo-nos na concepção, plenamente defendida por Williams (1960), de que o intelectual/artista não é uma ilha isolada, mas o produto de uma trajetória social, de um determinado processo de socialização, de um conjunto de relações sociais. No entanto, é preciso destacar com Teixeira (2023, p. 10) que isso não significa que o autor interpele o modo de vida de sua classe, uma vez que, a análise de uma obra "envolve o reconhecimento desses atributos em uma parte da produção cultural, a qual, no entanto, não se confunde com qualquer noção de alta cultura, podendo emergir na produção de atores sociais pertencentes a qualquer classe ou estrato social". ...
Jorge Amado é um modelo exemplar para se captar as instigantes relações entre a sociologia da cultura e da intelectualidade, enfatizando as complexas interações entre artistas e intelectuais com o contexto sócio-histórico de seu tempo. A pesquisa investiga as aproximações entre a realidade social do Brasil nos anos 1950 e a literatura de Jorge Amado, traçando relações entre as ideias de modernização, desenvolvimento e revolução de costumes com o corpo literário do autor. A fim de investigar como a atuação político-intelectual de Amado está indissociável das transformações históricas vivenciadas por esse autor, apoiamo-nos na concepção, plenamente defendida por Williams (1960), de que o intelectual não é uma ilha isolada, mas o produto de uma trajetória social, de um determinado processo de socialização, de um conjunto de relações sociais. Nesse sentido, metodologicamente, optamos por realizar uma análise sócio-histórica da trajetória política de Jorge Amado. Este tipo de análise permite, como o definiu Thompson (1995), reconstruir as condições espaço temporais nas quais um conjunto de obras se materializa e é socialmente estruturado. Desta feita, propomos utilizar o estruturalismo genético de Goldmann (1976), estabelecendo as relações possíveis entre condições sociais e históricas específicas e sua obra literária. Assim, como desfecho dessa pesquisa, torna-se claro o afastamento de Jorge Amado do marxismo mais ortodoxo, trazendo o abandono de um caráter mais denuncionista em suas obras para um mergulho em transformações sociais e políticas que se faz sobre uma profunda crítica de costumes.
... The creation of artworks in the concept of techne values skill as practical knowledge, forming a circle of understanding between work, creator, and the world of art. The experience of art is crucial as a standard of civilization's health (Williams, 1960). Art is overshadowed by industrialism, with its distinctive beauty reflecting a reality bound to nature and God. ...
... Capitalist industrialization has significantly influenced the course of modern life. Art in the early industrial era underwent a change in meaning, from a joyful and sincere work process to something corrupted by the production system's perspective (Williams 1960). Initially, art involved a noble attitude between one's mind and character, leading to self-formation; "bildung" (Gadamer 1975). ...
This research explores the phenomenon of analog photography in the digital era. The objective of this study is to define the structure of meaning of analog photography through a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. Technological advancements and socio-cultural contexts influence the practice and perception of analog photography. The findings yield an understanding that despite the dominance of digital technology, analog photography holds a distinctive, rich, different, and relevant essential meaning in contemporary cultural practices. The automation of digital cameras has taken over many technical capabilities of photographers, leading to self-alienation and the loss of authentic skills in the photographic creative process. Analog photography emphasizes a slower and more manual process, which intensively involves cognitive and motor abilities while offering reflectiveness amidst the speed of the digital era. This study makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the phenomena of analog photography and its implications in the digital era.
... Бурдје дополнително ја засилува оваа централна теза, бидејќи покрај теоретичарот, на листата на неопходни чинители кои ја создаваат кни-16 Реферираме кон Култура и општество: 1780-1950(Williams 1960, Марксизам и литература (Williams 1977) и Долгата револуција (Williams 1961) од Рејмонд Вилијамс; Книжевна теорија: вовед (2008), Идеологијата на естетското (Eagleton 1990) и Настанот на литературата (Eagleton 2012) од Тери Иглтон. 17 Еклатантен пример за тоа е истакнатиот критичар од школата на американската Нова критика Клинт Брукс, особено во првиот и последниот есеј на неговата најпозната книга, Убаво искованата урна: студии за структурата на поезијата (Brooks 1960). ...
... Бурдје дополнително ја засилува оваа централна теза, бидејќи покрај теоретичарот, на листата на неопходни чинители кои ја создаваат кни-16 Реферираме кон Култура и општество: 1780-1950(Williams 1960, Марксизам и литература (Williams 1977) и Долгата револуција (Williams 1961) од Рејмонд Вилијамс; Книжевна теорија: вовед (2008), Идеологијата на естетското (Eagleton 1990) и Настанот на литературата (Eagleton 2012) од Тери Иглтон. 17 Еклатантен пример за тоа е истакнатиот критичар од школата на американската Нова критика Клинт Брукс, особено во првиот и последниот есеј на неговата најпозната книга, Убаво искованата урна: студии за структурата на поезијата (Brooks 1960). ...
... Arguments in favour of the documentary historicity of literature have been repeatedly put forward in "classic" Marxist and non-Marxist historicism (Lukács, 1963;Gramsci, 1971;Williams, 1958 and1977;Barthes, 1993;Pomian, 2001;Ricoeur, 2000). The literariness of history has forcefully been argued by Hayden White (1973 and1987), who has, however, been attacked by eminent historians, such as Carlo Ginsburg (2006), for dismantling the very idea of historical truth. ...
The literature on the Armenian Genocide (Metz Yeghèrn) comprises a great variety of genres and styles. Historical accounts, diplomatic reports, letters, eyewitness accounts, official political statements have been released worldwide providing a most relevant documentation. The aim of this essay is to show that artistic literature must be valuably added to these narratives. What novels provide to historical knowledge is a unique sense of history, whereby events are represented from the special perspective of the subjects involved. This phenomenological perspective will be illustrated through a reading of Il libro di Mush (2012) by the Italian writer of Armenian origin Antonia Arslan and its English translation as Silent Angel (2020) by Siobhan Nash-Marshall. The narration focusses on three women, a man and a young boy who escape from the massacres perpetrated in their valley, and who accomplish the heroic task of salvaging the Book of Moush, a precious illuminated manuscript, for posterity. History is “embodied” in their gaze and their sensations, as well as their perceptions of the contexts in which they move. Arslan’s novel is one of her most moving contributions to (her) Armenian identity, after the world acclaimed novel La masseria delle allodole (2004) from which a renowned film by the Taviani Brothers was produced in 2007.
Keywords: historical knowledge, literary knowledge, embodied history, framing events, phenomenology, collective memory, ekphrastic narration.
... Popüler kültür ve kitle kültürü, günümüz toplumlarının önemli bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Popüler kültür genellikle, bir toplumun üyeleri tarafından paylaşılan ve belli bir zamanda yaygın olan bir dizi uygulama, inanç, sanatsal çıktı ve egemen olan nesneler olarak tanınır (Williams, 1958). Popüler kişi, nesne ve durumlarla ilişkilendirilen kültürel pratikler ve içeriklere gönderme yapar (Hall, 1980). ...
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the transformative impacts of artificial intelligence (AI) on creative cultural industries and society. Beginning with the historical development of the concept of cultural industries, this article examines the definitions and classifications of creative industries, specifically evaluating the role of AI in these industries within the context of digital transformation. It highlights AI’s potential to enhance inclusivity in creative processes and create new opportunities, while also discussing challenges such as data privacy, intellectual property rights, and algorithmic bias. The growing share of creative industries in the global economy, their employment potential, and the economic and social impacts of human-AI collaboration in creative processes are examined, with a particular focus on development strategies specific to Turkey. The study evaluates AI’s contributions to the creative economy and potential future developments, offering recommendations for the sustainable growth of creative cultural industries. While AI becomes more involved in creative research, the features of models that are sensitive to cultural differences are very important. Considering the relationship between creativity and AI is constantly evolving, the basic policy of AI should be revised on a daily basis. This challenging process is only possible with responsible AI.
... It was around the late twentieth century that a new understanding of culture as the whole way of life was introduced into critical circles. Williams (1981) regarded culture as the ordinary meanings and practices of people (Marxism and Literature 132). From here, everything that was thought about culture till then changed. ...
he idea of culture as a source of wisdom and truth was once seen as something to be imparted to the masses to cultivate civilized societies. Literature served as both a repository and a medium for transmitting this wisdom across generations. However, Marxist critics challenged this view, redefining culture as an ordinary and comprehensive way of life— a framework through which people understand the world.
This paper examines the complex relationship between culture, literature, and education. It critiques traditional notions of education and reveals the underlying structures that shape what is considered wisdom. Additionally, it analyzes how readers are interpellated during the reading process, demonstrating that every interpretation is influenced by ideological structures. Thus, meaning-making not only reproduces ideology but also has the potential to position readers within it.
... Therefore, thirdly we contribute to the emotional/moral turn of tourism studies with critical empathy as both methodological tool and theoretical construct. Williams (1990) reminded us, that the masses are always the others, but for the other we are the masses. Fictional ways of elaborating on the phenomenon may reveal our own prejudices and force us to reconsider our own ideas and empathy. ...
Art and tourism provide a fascinating nexus for creative academic research. This paper explores this connection by interpreting art made about tourists and tourism and by listening to a Finnish artist, Erika Adamsson. Her perspective as well as the theoretical framework of understanding others without hiding stereotypes or challenging issues are discussed. The method used is autoethnographic artwork elicitation. As a result, this paper provides a mass tourism cultural heritage album with unique interpretations by the authors, yet collectively linked to academic theories: an account of tourist representations and the possibilities of art to open minds to the worlds of others. Art, with its compositions, colours and indirect messages, invites a self-critical reflection on mass tourism that is more fruitful for understanding than mere critical analysis. Artwork elicitation and critical empathy provide a fruitful avenue for tourism researchers to explore phenomena and to engage with people who are challenging to empathize with or face being stereotyped.
... Kültür sözcüğünün etimolojik olarak kök anlamı, tarımla ilgili sözcüklere dayanmaktadır (Mejuyev, 1987). Latince "ekip biçmek, toprağı işlemek, tarım yapmak" anlamına gelen "colere" fiilinden türeyen "cultura" sözcüğü, daha sonra Fransızca'da aynı anlamı taşıyan "culture" sözcüğü ile alıntılanmıştır (Williams, 1977;Smith, 2001). Daha sonra kavram, kültür olarak Türkçe'ye geçmiştir. ...
... High culture refers to the cultural products rela ted to the upper class (e.g., arts, literature, and classical music). This is aligned with 'capital C' culture, which encompasses elements like history, geography, and literature (Bourdieu, 1984;Williams, 1983). On the other hand, in the literature, low culture is defined as the everyday forms of cultural products such as pop music and television shows. ...
Este livro examina a ligação essencial entre a aprendizagem de línguas e a competência intercultural. O livro explora estratégias de ensino, quadros pedagógicos e aplicações no mundo real para realçar a importância da diversidade linguística e do diálogo intercultural. O primeiro capítulo apresenta um estudo sobre o reforço da competência intercultural em Inglês para Fins Específicos (ESP), destacando o papel das atividades reflexivas e práticas. Os capítulos seguintes debruçam-se sobre a colaboração universidade-indústria, a aprendizagem interdisciplinar no ensino superior, os programas de formação de professores e a promoção da competência plurilingue através do ensino do inglês. Para além disso, o livro analisa o conteúdo intercultural em manuais de Português Língua Estrangeira e em materiais de chinês para negócios, salientando a importância de uma representação cultural equilibrada. O último capítulo analisa as estratégias de aprendizagem de gramática entre falantes de croata que aprendem várias línguas. De um modo geral, o livro sublinha a importância da integração da competência intercultural no ensino e aprendizagem de língua estrangeira para promover a consciência global, o pensamento crítico e a comunicação eficaz, defendendo abordagens educativas inclusivas que preparem os estudantes para ambientes diversos e multiculturais.
... Särskilt betydelsefullt för den svenska litteratursociologin var Raymond Williams forskning kring brittisk arbetarklass och litterär kultur i Culture and Society 1780-1950 (1958) och Keywords (1976). 19 Den marxistiska litteratursociologiska forskningen var inte oväntat främst inriktad på klass. Inom fransk historia (Annales-skolan, grundad av Marc Bloch och Lucien Febvre 1929) och sociologi (Robert Escarpit) grundlades parallellt ett intresse för bokens samhälle. ...
... Studies of the first generation, which integrated the concept of culture into the exploration of class relationships, predominantly concentrated on the perpetuation of social inequalities and practices of resistance (Williams, 1960;Dunk, 1991;Foley, 2007;Willis, 2016;Hoggart, 2021). These studies, which were rooted in the framework of cultural Marxism, focused exclusively on the conflict dynamics within working-class culture. ...
The steady increase in the number of wage earners in Turkey during the last 20 years has brought social expansion of middle-class and working-class groups to the agenda. In the relevant period, forms of labor market stratification became more visible. Widespread flexibility practices, such as subcontracting, have diminished secure employment. The emergence of new types of employment, especially the expansion of employment in the service sector, hasalsosignificantlyaffectedsocialstructuretransformations.Studies that addressed developments in social transformation from class-cultural perspective have focused more on middle-class groups. This study examines Turkish working-class culture from a class-cultural perspective. Adopting a neo-Bourdieusian class approach, this study analyses the transformations in lifestyles, tastes and voting behaviors of the working class in three different regions of Bursa. The study claims that different social and material conditions of existence spatially differentiate working-class culture. The results of the survey research conducted in Bursa in 2022 were analyzed by multiple correspondence (MCA) analysis. The results of this research show that independent variables such as workers’ social background, education level, material earnings anddifferencesinpropertyrelationsconstructspatial and cultural differentiation.
... A Cultura, enquanto elemento que forma, informa e molda, pressupõe um compromisso com entender, enquanto sociedade, onde estamos e para onde vamos, cabendo a nós, enquanto estudiosos da argumentação, entender a atividade argumentativa como uma força com o potencial de influenciar esse processo. Isso nos chama a contemplar e a entender as minúcias por detrás da argumentação quando empreendida no limiar entre formas distintas de representar credos, dogmas e tradições por meio de fenômenos que exercem a função de elementos de ligação (Williams, 1960). Os elementos que ligam as pessoas, a cultura, são fundamentais para criar o que algumas teorias entendem como um conjunto de saberes partilhados e aceitos, o que joga luz a um ponto limítrofe: quais os acordos aos quais se pode recorrer quando em face do estranho/ desconhecido? ...
Como parte das atividades que compunham a programação do 5º Seminário Internacional de Estudos sobre Discurso e Argumentação – SEDiAr, contamos com o minicurso Problems in the Anthropology of Argument, ministrado, em língua inglesa, pelo Professor Dr. Christopher W. Tindale, da Universidade de Windsor, Canadá. Ao longo de duas manhãs de muita reflexão, Prof. Tindale nos convidou a pensar acerca de alguns parâmetros e conceitos referentes aos estudos argumentativos a partir de um ponto de vista filosófico e de um contexto intercultural, tendo como norte – especialmente – a dimensão retórica do ato de argumentar. Fomos levados a reconsiderar parâmetros concernentes a nós, enquanto atores envolvidos em uma comunidade, no que diz respeito à perspectiva que nos enquadra enquanto seres argumentativos e retóricos, de modo a expandir nossos horizontes em relação aos processos de percepção do outro, culminando em uma reformulação da percepção que temos de nós mesmos. Isso jogou luz sobre um dos pontos trabalhados no minicurso, a saber, as possibilidades de abordagem êmica e ética do fazer argumentativo. A perspectiva, herdada dos estudos antropológicos, nos fez refletir acerca do sistema de crenças a partir das quais se pode perspectivar a argumentação, isto é, se a partir de nosso próprio sistema – o ponto de vista ético – ou a partir dos termos de um sistema outro em foco – o ponto de vista êmico. Este capítulo busca sintetizar alguns dos tópicos abordados e discutidos ao longo do minicurso, assim como externalizar reflexões nossas derivadas das discussões lá realizadas. Buscaremos tratar de um movimento orientado a compreender formas distintas de argumentar que possam extrapolar os moldes já conhecidos, e até mesmo canônicos, de um ponto de vista ocidental – e, por que não, do Norte Global. Nesse sentido, faz-se pertinente reconsiderar os parâmetros que outras Culturas possam, porventura, assumir no processo de argumentar. Em outros termos, reconsiderar o lugar necessário para que tal atividade seja empreendida, assim como aquilo que pode, em outras redes de valores, ser considerado evidência, dentre outros componentes que se tornam relevantes ao adotar uma postura emicista. Dialeticamente complementar e paralelo, torna-se necessário revisitar alguns conceitos que constituem nossa própria cultura argumentativa, em um movimento que tensiona a visão ética, que tende a reger o olhar sobre o diferente, e a necessidade de reconsiderar determinados aspectos fundantes de comunidade, como a caracterização de uma ‘pessoa razoável’, ao estabelecer contato com outros lugares argumentativos, outras culturas. Isso joga luz sobre a problemática que rege a discussão proposta neste capítulo como um todo: “somos seres colocados; não há vista do nada; o viés ético é inevitável” (TINDALE, 2023). Isso nos leva a repensar sobre como abordar tais problemáticas, o que torna indispensável recorrer ao conceito de Cultura e interculturalidade.
... Na década de 60, Williams, junto a Stuart Hall e Richard Hoggart, foi considerado como um dos fundadores da disciplina dos Estudos Culturais. Seu livro Culture and Society, 1780-1950(originalmente publicado em 1958 é considerado um marco desse campo, ao materializar uma nova forma de discutir os fatos culturais, reunindo análises literárias e sociopolíticas (Williams 1966). 5 O antropólogo francês Marc Augé cunhou o termo não-lugar na década de 1990 com sua publicação "Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity". ...
Este artigo reflete sobre as diferentes formas e usos dos bunkers historicamente, e como cada iteração deste tipo de espaço retrata valores e disputas sociais de seu tempo. Respondendo ao exercício proposto pelo sociólogo Raymond Williams (1976) em seu canônico livro Keywords, esta pesquisa revisita a palavra “bunker” e seus variados significados. Originalmente, bunkers foram criados como formações espaciais para esconderijo, abrigo e proteção. Bunkers foram difundidos na Primeira Guerra Mundial como estratégia militar, e seguiram servindo diferentes usos ao longo dos anos. Apesar de tradicionalmente conhecidos como espaços subterrâneos insalubres, este artigo mostra a evolução espacial dos bunkers, que não apenas deixaram de ser necessariamente enterrados, como também passaram a servir a variadas funções e usos, dependendo do seu contexto e momento histórico.
... Tüm bu tartışmaların ortaya çıkmasında ve kültürel çalışmaların kuramsal çerçeve kazanmasında Hoggart'ın (1957) çalışması öncü özellik taşımaktadır. Williams (1957Williams ( , 1975Williams ( , 1977Williams ( , 1980Williams ( , 2013Williams ( , 2017 kültürel çalışmalar çevresinde daha uzun soluklu çalışmalara imza atmıştır. Williams (1975) (Williams, 2017, s. 467 -478). ...
Bu çalışmanın amacı, sanal semt topluluklarında etkileşimin incelenmesidir. Ayrıca, sanal semt topluluklarında ortaya çıkan etkileşimin; semt kimliğine, kültürüne ve kültürel belleğe etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçların yanında, aktif olarak içerik üretebilen ve paylaşabilen bireylerin semt kimliğine ve mahalle kültürüne katkısının tartışılması amaçlanmaktadır. Amaçlara bağlı olarak üç soru formüle edilmiştir. Bu soruların her biri çalışma kapsamında ele alınan kültürel çalışmalar ve toplum-benlik çalışmalarının temel yaklaşımlarından olan sembolik etkileşimcilik ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın ilk sorusu (S1) "Sosyal medyadaki sanal semt topluluklarındaki etkileşim nasıl ortaya konmuştur?" şeklinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ikinci sorusu olarak (S2) "Sosyal medyadaki sanal topluluklarda ortaya çıkan iletişim ve etkileşim bağlamında; kültürel bellek, semt kültürü ve kimliği nasıl yeniden inşa edilmekte ve şekillenmektedir?" formüle edilmiştir. Bu soruya bağlı olarak iki alt soru ortaya konulmuştur. Bunlardan ilki, (S2a) "Sanal semt toplulukları etkileşimin fiziksel ortamdan sanal ortama taşınmasına nasıl katkı sunmaktadır?", ikincisi ise (S2b) "Sosyal medyadaki sanal topluluklar etkileşimli ve benlik sunumlarına imkân veren yapılarıyla kültürel belleği, semt kültürünü ve kimliğini nasıl etkilemektedir" (S3) "Sosyal medyadaki sanal topluluklarda ortaya çıkan etkileşimle beraber alt kültürlerin makro ölçüde topluluklara etki etme ya da katkı sunma potansiyeli nedir?" ise araştırmanın üçüncü sorusu olarak ortaya konuşmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında 5 Facebook sanal semt topluluğu örneklem olarak seçilmiştir ve 30 Mayıs – 30 Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında topluluk üyelerinin yaptığı 35.599 paylaşım ve yorumlar toplanarak Van Dijk'ın eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Belirlenen topluluklar kendi içinde kapalılık içermektedir ve belirli koşulları sağlamadan katılımcı kabul edilmemektedir. Bu topluluklar; Kadıköy ilçesine bağlı "Fikirtepe Halkı" ve "Erenköy'de Büyümek" sanal toplulukları, Şişli İlçesine bağlı "Feriköy Platformu" ve "Tatavla'dan Kurtuluş'a" sanal toplulukları ve Fatih ilçesine bağlı Karagümrüklüler sanal topluluğu olarak belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında bu sanal semt topluluklarında aktif olan her bir topluluktan 4 kişi olmak üzere 20 kişiyle yarı-yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmış ve elde edilen cevaplar Facebook yorum ve paylaşımlarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, kentsel dönüşümlerden dolayı; yok olan semt mekânı, göçler, değişen demografik yapılar ve yok olan komşuluk ilişkileri sanal semt topluluklarındaki temel etkileşim ortamının ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır.
... Cultural Development Theory is pertinent to studying arts and cultural events as it underscores how these events contribute to the intellectual and emotional growth of community members. They provide a space for communal reflection, dialogue, and the expression of collective identity, all of which are crucial for fostering social cohesion and driving community development (Williams, 1983). ...
Purpose: This study sought to investigate the role of arts and cultural events in community development and social cohesion. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the role of arts and cultural events in community development and social cohesion. Preliminary empirical review revealed that such events acted as catalysts for economic and social revitalization, enhancing local business and infrastructure through increased foot traffic and investment. They significantly boosted social cohesion by providing a platform for diverse groups to engage and share cultural experiences, thus strengthening community ties and civic engagement. Additionally, participation in these events was linked to improved mental health and personal well-being, as they offered emotional and psychological benefits that extended from communal to individual levels. The findings highlighted the necessity for ongoing support and investment in the arts, underscoring their integral role in fostering cohesive, vibrant, and resilient communities. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social Capital Theory, Cultural Development Theory and Urban Regeneration Theory may be used to anchor future studies on the role of arts and cultural events in community development and social cohesion. The study provided comprehensive recommendations across theoretical, practical, and policy realms. It advocated for the integration of cultural activities into theories of social capital and community dynamics, emphasizing their dual role in fostering both inclusivity and deeper social bonds. Practically, it offered guidance on making cultural events more accessible and engaging for diverse communities, while on the policy level, it pushed for increased governmental investment and the incorporation of arts into broader development strategies. The study also suggested innovative funding models, continuous program evaluation, and the use of cultural indicators to track and enhance the impact of arts on communities. Additionally, it underscored the importance of promoting and advocating for the benefits of cultural events to secure sustained support and recognition.
San people are a race that has existed in harsh conditions for tens of thousands of years. Despite the atmospheric and geographical conditions, these people have survived with their knowledge, arts, designs and productions that have been passed down from generation to generation. This study is basically shaped by examining, analysing and analysing the art and design commodities of the San people in terms of function. At the point of understanding this basic situation, the contexts of each design object with culture and life have been investigated. Field research (observation), visual interpretation and analysis as well as literature review were frequently used in making sense of culture-life and commodity relations and producing information. In the study, examples of innovative design approaches to conventional problems were discussed in detail, while some designs were not included in the study. Form-design-use analyses for the related instruments were examined by comparing them with modern commodities, and discussed in terms of material and production. The initial question of the study is to explore how culture and reality combine with function and reach design with the knowledge of experience through San'lar. As a result, a design strategy is explained through conventional, traditional and innovative realities, detailed analyses of the designs of San people are made, the behavioural patterns of these analyses are revealed and a research technique is proposed to designers and design students working on innovation.
As the world’s second-largest economy and the second most populous country, China hosts numerous international schools, some of which allow Chinese citizens to attend. In addition to foreign-owned international schools, there are many private bilingual schools (Chinese internationalized schools) and dual-curriculum international departments affiliated with Chinese public schools that are open to Chinese citizens. These for-profit schools often use affective storytelling to market their expertise in international education. Using a cultural studies approach and drawing on an affect lens, this study investigates how private international schools’ websites use colonial discourse and affective storytelling to attract prospective students and shape social imaginaries of Western educational supremacy. First, this study provides a literature review on themes related to the identities, curriculum, and tensions surrounding K-12 international schooling in China. Next, it introduces cultural studies and affect theory, and explains their interconnections as the theoretical foundations of this research. The methodology of Multimodal Critical Colonial Discourse Analysis (MCCDA) is also detailed to outline how textual and visual contents on the websites of Chinese internationalized schools are analyzed. Based on a systematic investigation of these schools’ websites, this paper argues that Chinese internationalized schools use their websites as forms of affective infrastructure to shape and normalize colonial logics and the supremacy of Western educational hegemony globally while marginalizing other ways of learning, knowing, and being.
This study explores the ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) perceives and reads cultural and traditional values. Understanding how contemporary technologies such as AI, big data analytics, deep learning and natural language processing reflect cultural values is important for making sense of and understanding individual/social life. The fact that the concept of culture is a phenomenon that is shaped and continuously reproduced in historical, social and intellectual processes shows that it is not only a legacy of the past, but also plays an important role in the construction of the future. In this respect, the study of the concept poses several various challenges. The research analyses how the artificial intelligence tool DALL-E visualises different family structures around the world. It examines the extent to which DALL-E accurately, comprehensively and deeply reflects cultural diversity when asked to select countries from seven continents. The study shows that DALL-E tends to idealise and reflect cultures and family structures and fails to represent local cultural diversity fully and with the expected values. The under-representation of indigenous and minority cultural heritage is notable in the sample from Japan, Nigeria, Canada, Brazil, Italy and Australia. The research highlights that understanding the impact of AI on cultural perceptions is critical to shaping the ethical and societal dimensions of future technological applications. It is also a rich example of how technological developments have advanced intercultural communication. At a time when learning styles are changing and speed-oriented information can easily turn into disinformation, the ways in which cultural and traditional values are transmitted have the potential to lead to misunderstandings in the encoding and transmission of human values to future generations. In order to preserve traditional ties and ensure healthy intergenerational continuity, it is important to train these technologies, which are constantly learning and evolving, in the right way.
A noticiabilidade resulta da compreensão de uma ordem noticiosa relacionada à percepção de uma dada ordem social, apontando que mudanças de uma
sociedade em crescimento econômico passam a configurar um relato noticioso de
novas relações sociais, discutindo os limites da materialidade discursiva no processo de conversão em notícia de fatos anteriormente considerados irrelevantes.
Das Kapitel führt in das Feld der Medienkulturforschung ein. Dazu werden grundlegende Begriffe geklärt und es wird diskutiert, was Medien und Kultur sind und wie diese im Zusammenhang gesellschaftlicher und technologischer Bedingungen, also ihrer Kontexte, zu verstehen sind. Ausgehend davon stellt das Kapitel Traditionslinien und Theorierahmen der Medienkulturforschung vor. Insbesondere geht es dabei um die Mediumstheorien, wie sie zum Beispiel in den Ansätzen von Harold A. Innis und Marshall McLuhan formuliert wurden. Auch die Kulturtheorien von Pierre Bourdieu, Anthony Giddens und Michel Foucault werden betrachtet, bevor die Tradition der Cultural Studies näher beleuchtet wird. Auf dieser Basis ist es möglich, zentrale Konzepte medienkulturwissenschaftlicher Forschung vorzustellen. Die Schwerpunkte liegen dabei auf Technologien, auf Diskursen und auf Praktiken. Im Ausblick des Kapitels geht es schließlich darum, zu klären, wie Medienkulturen erforscht und verstanden werden können, welche Fragen eine medienkulturwissenschaftliche Perspektive auf Medienaneignung, Medienwandel bzw. die Entwicklung von medienbezogenen Praktiken eröffnet und welche methodischen Herangehensweisen zur Verfügung stehen, um diese zu beantworten.
Theatre has always been an important mechanism of knowledge dissemination; in the time of expert scientific theories and innovative technologies the task of science popularization is successfully performed by science theatre. Science theatre has a great number of cases and genres of a science play and is often a focus of interdisciplinary research. Historically, the theatre witnessed the interconnection of natural philosophy and literature; nowadays science theatre uses a variety of multimodal possibilities in line with art-science phenomenon. Also, the problems science theatre raises are of equal value both for society and for individuals. At the same time, the neurocognitive trend in the theatre contributes to the choice of human-related themes as well as the format of a science performance or a postdramatic theatre experiment. The article explores the phenomenon of science theatre in its dialectics of the social and individual, the scientific and imaginative. The literature review shows that the living organism of the theatre is much more complex than one single classification of a science play can reflect. Our purpose is to address the genre characteristics of a science play and the problem of its classifications in the modern cultural context and major directions of research. We pay special attention to Carl Djerassi’s perspective on the science play and its major features and illustrate his didactic concept of “science-in-theatre” by analyzing two plays that have not been previously translated into Russian: Oxygen (2001) and Calculus (2004). Both plays center on the historical personality of a scientist in his struggle for priority in a fundamental scientific discovery, whether it is oxygen or calculus. The path to the recognition of a scientific discovery turns out to be a test of humanity; at the same time, the principle of historical documentation and the reliability of scientific knowledge coexists with the artistic principle of showing the hero-scientist in a situation of a moral and ethical choice. The concept “science-in-theatre”, suggested by Carl Djerassi, can be debated; the article offers alternative classifications of science plays based on the historical, communicative, and thematic principles.
This article discusses the literary discourses of industrial cities from industrialization in the nineteenth century to deindustrialization. At the beginning of this article, the similarity of literary and sociological images of industrial cities was emphasized, thus creating a negative image of these places. Particular attention was paid to the literary works, memories, and sociology of the Dąbrowa Basin. This industrial region was the subject of interest to many Polish writers at the end of the nineteenth century. This article confronts the negative discourse of industrial cities from the perspective of residents who-under challenging conditions-created various lifestyles and support networks, thanks to which it was possible to organize life in industrial slums. In the post-war period, the negative discourse about industrial cities served as a critical argument for demolishing old districts and building in their place concrete housing estates, which are still the spatial dominant of the Dąbrowa Basin region.
The Covid 19 era presents yet another instance of the symbiosis between viral pandemic and pestilence in the political culture of the moment. Through a brief reprise of plague-riven history dating from antiquity, this article explores the symptoms of the current epidemic and offers a number of keywords that characterize the current maladies as viral plague and as political pestilence. The coupling of the viral and the political dates from the third century Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius who took the measure of the plague and political corruption of Rome during his reign. The lexical compendium offered here could constitute a study in cultural epidemiology that defines the exhibited symptoms of pandemic disease in its concurrent medical and socio-cultural manifestations.
Este artigo analisa alguns dos modos pelos quais o ensino da leitura e a formação de leitores em língua portuguesa, do século XVI ao XVIII, isto é, do Renascimento ao Iluminismo, estão associados à expansão imperial do reino lusitano e ao processo de colonização dela decorrente, que promoveu uma política linguística articulada com um projeto de propagação do império e da fé cristã, possibilitando assim a consolidação do vernáculo como língua oficial e, ao mesmo tempo, a formação de um cânone literário em português. Desse modo, busca compreender as condições históricas que possibilitaram a emergência do “sujeito” e, consequentemente, o advento da leitura subjetiva. Para tanto, recorreu-se ao uso dos compêndios e da legislação do período como fontes, bem como de alguns pressupostos teóricos relacionados aos conceitos escolarização (Vincent; Lahire; Thin, 2001), gramatização (Auroux, 1992) e colonialidade (Quijano, 2007). Concluiu-se que, com a institucionalização do ensino da literatura e o advento da leitura literária, no século XIX, a formação de leitore(a)s já se encontra limitada ou cerceada por uma normatividade que enclausura as possibilidades subjetivas e intelectivas das experiências de leitura, circunscrevendo-as ao cardápio canônico oferecido pelas instituições educativas.
A decade on from its founding, it is the right time to take stock and consider the manner of Performance Philosophy’s constitution and its projection into and onto the world. There are questions about how it narrates itself, both inwardly to its network (though the global reach of Performance Philosophy suggests that ‘inward’ is not the right word here) and outwardly towards interlocutors nominally outside the network. One challenge concerns the “performative materialisation” of Performance Philosophy’s many practitioners. This can be unpacked with a few questions: Who witnesses events? Who intervenes materially? Who contributes to the network? Whose collaboration increases social capital? Who evaluates practitioners’ self-management? Other questions are possible. This essay considers some of these questions.
This study explores the portrayal of women's rights in Pakistan's leading news outlets through the theoretical lens of Erving Goffman's (1981b) theory of framing. Goffman's framing theory asserts that individuals use pre-existing frames to interpret social situations, thus shaping their understanding of reality. The research employs a qualitative methodology, analyzing a random sample of prime-time news talk shows from both local channels (Samaa TV, ARY News, Geo News) and international outlets (BBC, Al Jazeera). The analysis reveals distinct framing patterns, highlighting the influence of sociocultural and political factors in shaping the media discourse on women's rights. The findings indicate that while local media often focus on cultural values and protective frameworks, international outlets adopt a more global, rights-based perspective. Linguistic and thematic patterns further demonstrate the disparities between the framing of women's rights in Pakistani and foreign media, offering insights into the role of media in shaping public perceptions of gender equality.
This article delves into the significant contributions of Stuart Hall to media and cultural studies through a Marxist lens, emphasizing his innovative approach to the concept of representation. Hall’s integration of critical theory with media studies has provided deep insights into the dynamics of culture and power within society, highlighting the role of media in shaping and reflecting social identities and struggles. The paper critically examines Hall’s interdisciplinary application of neo-Marxist theories, notably those of Antonio Gramsci and Louis Althusser, to analyze contemporary media landscapes. By exploring Hall’s critique of authoritarian populism and his theories on cultural hegemony and ideological representation in media, the article sheds light on the lasting impact of his work on current media practices. The paper also assesses the practical implications of Hall’s theories in understanding the mechanisms of inclusion and representation in media, suggesting their relevance in navigating the complexities of global media today.
Immediately after the Second World War, Jean-Paul Sartre offered a history of literature as part of his project to launch a new era of literary activity guided by his concept of littérature engagée or committed literature. This article examines Sartre’s approach to the construction of literary history, highlighting his use of periodisation, a thematics of shifting relationships between writers and readers, and frequent deployment of gendered rhetoric to support his arguments. It shows that Sartre repeatedly used gendered tropes that worked to associate women, females and/or femininity with characteristics generally devalued in European and other Western societies, such as passivity, ignorance and indecision. It is argued that the touchstone to which Sartre continually referred in formulating his literary history was Julien Benda’s La Trahison des Clercs (Treason of the Intellectuals). The argument to be developed takes broad inspiration from the work of Hayden White on the analysis of historical texts, and follows his injunction that historians and readers of history need to become more conscious of how histories are made.
The paper engages in a critical assessment of the changes in cultural tourism largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, from the period before to the period after the pandemic, as regards both the supply and the demand sides of tourism, through the eyes of local/regional/national stakeholders, in the case of the Cyclades, Greece. Methodologically, the study relies on a series of stakeholders’ interviews, a round-table discussion and a short questionnaire, undertaken in the context of the H2020 EU project SPOT, during the years 2020–2022. This material is then combined, using a SWOT analysis, in the context of a discussion and assessment of the problems, pitfalls and potential ensuing from the pandemic in Cyclades cultural tourism, towards a resilient, sustainable, or transformative future for the islands’ tourism and cultural sectors. The paper begins with an overview of relevant scientific literature, it continues with the presentation of the study’s research questions and data collection, and then proceeds to the analysis and discussion of the stakeholders’ opinions, perspectives, visions and recommendations on the changing relationship culture-tourism and the SWOT analysis. A general conclusion is that current and emerging trends and patterns seem to reinforce the reciprocal relationship culture-tourism, but also to reconfigure it, in line with new and evolving trends and patterns of cultural tourism.
Escrito na fase inicial da carreira do artista e pesquisador estadunidense Allan Sekula, O tráfego nas fotografias (1981) é um ensaio que investiga e problematiza a noção de linguagem universal atribuída à fotografia. Segundo uma abordagem materialista-histórica, o autor analisa a função política desempenhada pelos discur- sos estéticos e científicos atrelados ao meio fotográfico, dentro dos quais a noção de universalidade cumpre uma função de dominação cultural e econômica que tem como fundamentos ideológicos a família nuclear patriarcal, a lógica de consumo capitalista e o imperialismo.
This chapter examines the intricate relationship between
culture and economy, exploring how cultural practices and
expressions influence economic systems and development.
Through an analysis of various aspects of cultural economy,
including festivals, food, and other cultural activities, the
chapter demonstrates the multifaceted ways in which culture
contributes to economic growth, social cohesion, and
community well-being.
Using data on key financial metrics and case studies, the
chapter illustrates the tangible economic impact of cultural
initiatives, highlighting their role in creating jobs, stimulating
tourism, and generating revenue. Additionally, the chapter
emphasizes the importance of recognizing the intangible
benefits of cultural economy, such as creativity, innovation,
and identity formation, which are essential for fostering a
sense of belonging and pride within communities.
Overall, the chapter argues for a holistic approach to
cultural economy that values both its tangible and intangible
benefits. By leveraging cultural resources and promoting
cultural entrepreneurship, policymakers, businesses, and communities can unlock new opportunities for economic
growth and social development, creating inclusive and
sustainable societies for the future.
Key Words: Cultural economy, Economic development,
Cultural practices, Cultural entrepreneurship, Social cohesion
Olga tokarczuk, the nobel laureate in literature, has captivated readers with her intricate narratives that delve into the depths of human experiences. She captures the complex and nuanced experiences that often elude easy articulation. The fragmented structure of her novels mirrors the fragmented nature of contemporary experience, reflecting the disorienting effects of globalization and rapid technological change. Her characters are constantly on the move, traversing physical and psychological boundaries, and their identities in flux. The article demonstrates how tokarczuk masterfully portrays the complexities of identity, power, and social change, inviting readers to critically engage with the forces that shape our understanding of the world. It further highlights tokarczuk's contribution to contemporary fiction by capturing the zeitgeist of our era, marked by displacement, fragmented identities, and ecological concerns.
Uma das tarefas essenciais de uma teoria da comunicação é abordar o pro
blema da mediação e do meio, seja este medium tecnológico ou não. Afinal de
contas, comunicar é já utilizar uma forma mediadora (semiose) para gerar um
significado comum. Este capítulo defende uma teoria da comunicação mediada1 que é tam
bém – e concomitantemente – uma teoria da mediação comunicacional.
Pressupõe que a mediação não é simplesmente um processo tecnológico
homogéneo e universal. Em vez disso, apresento-a enquanto geração, remo
delação e transformação. A realidade mediada é, antes de mais, um mediador
da experiência humana. Mostrarei de que forma podemos integrar os dis
positivos tecnológicos de mediação simbólica, vulgarmente referidos como
Média, numa teoria da mediação comunicacional.
Para tal, princípio por apresentar a teoria da Mediatização no contexto
da teoria dos Média para, num segundo momento, a distinguir da mediação.
Sublinho que o uso anglo-saxónico da palavra “mediação” é usado de forma
muito próxima àquele da mediatização, ainda que subsistam algumas disse
melhanças. Concluo apresentando o entendimento de meio (ou média) que
uma teoria comunicacional da mediação supõe e exponho-a nos seus princi
pais traços.
Bernstein’s landmark essay ‘On the Classification and Framing of Educational Knowledge’ can not only be read as an analysis of codes and systems, but as a historical interpretation of curriculum and pedagogy in twentieth century England. The UK’s neoliberal turn after 1979 marked among other things a rupture from the system analysed by Bernstein. Charting the course of knowledge politics since 1979, the chapter argues that the radical intensification of neoliberal policy from 2010 onwards should lead us to consider what kinds of reconceptualisation are necessary in order to understand the new forms of curriculum, pedagogy and evaluation that have been established in a school system where control of educational knowledge has reached a new point of stringency, and where the effects of political authoritarianism are felt at many points.
В статті викладені результати культурологічного дослідження художньої кіномови О. Довженко, проведеного на базі сучасних методологічних розробок з декодування медійних артефактів, які реалізують науковий принцип міждисциплінарності. Дослідження ідентифікувало раніше не описані культурні архетипи фігурального плану художньої кіномови митця. Декодовані архетипи були застосовані українським режисером для трансляції культурогенних контекстів та мають логічний зв'язок між собою, всередині наративу, що дозволило їх об’єднати в єдиний комплекс культурних архетипів. Наявність комплексу культурних архетипів, забезпечує оригінальну, не типову для радянського кіно, риторику автора з глядачем. Унікальність комплексу надає те, що він побудований на базі неовізантійської стилістики і візантійської риторики, наближених до окремих рис української культури. Важливо, що контексти, експліковані комплексом культурних архетипів в стрічках О.Довженко, містять власну світоглядну позицію автора і знаходяться в опозиції до офіційної радянської ідеології 30-40-х років ХХ ст., що руйнує міф про українського режисера, як рупора радянської пропаганди. За даними дослідження, згаданий комплекс культурних архетипів був ідентифікований у стрічках О.Довженко «Земля» (1930), «Аероград» (1935), «Щорс» (1939), «Мічурин» (1948) і кіноповісті «Зачарована Десна» (1956). Результати проведеного культурологічного дослідження дозволяють відокремити творчість О. Довженко від кіношколи С. Ейзенштейна і кіношколи поетичного кіно П. Пазоліні в окрему оригінальну кіношколу. Дослідження висвітлило y творчості великого українського митця актуальні в наш час культурологічні контексти, корисні для збереження української культури.
Through an examination of Alfonso Cuarón’s Children of Men, this book demonstrates the ability of cinematic fictions, and other complex narrative fictions, to contribute to meeting the climate challenge by shaping the desires of audiences. What if there was a single feature film that showed us everything we need to know about climate catastrophe culture? What if that same film also made the philosophies of Slavoj Žižek, Mark Fisher, Francis Fukuyama, and Fredric Jameson accessible? Identifying the climate challenge as a cultural challenge, this book provides an unprecedented criminological analysis of both Children of Men and Fisher’s oeuvre from 1998 to 2022, and demonstrates the capacity of cinematic narratives to shape climate catastrophe culture. Seeking to be part of the solution to the climate challenge, it is the first criminological study to link the capacity of cinematic fictions to shape desire to solutions to the climate crisis. It is also one of the most detailed, and most rigorous criminological case study of a cinematic work to date. Anthropocide: An Essay in Green Cultural Criminology will be of great interest to students and scholars of green criminology, cultural criminology, narrative criminology, film theory, philosophy of film, and ecocriticism.
Pellagra is caused by a diet with little meat or milk and a reliance on maize. Pellagrins suffer from poor cognitive and social skills. Pellagra was cured with nicotinamide (vitamin B3) but before that pellagrins were considered inferior and dangerous degenerates and were known as the “Butterfly Caste” after the characteristic sunburn rash. Quests for meat drove the diaspora “out of Africa” with meat sharing being the social norm. After the domestication of animals “meat elites” across classes, castes, sexes and continents emerged. Nomads migrating to northern Europe created mixed pastoralist-farmer populations whose fermentation cultures and genetic innovations allowed lactose tolerance. Skin lightened as sunlight, needed to synthesise vitamin D. and sunburn was rare. Conquests encouraged their view that they were a superior race rather than that they were blessed with a superior diet. Ruling classes on a high meat diet combined forces with cereal dependant workers (with higher fertility) whilst the “lumpenproletariat” were economic vegetarians. Social contracts broke down with rebellions, but slaves, oppressed sharecroppers and refugees bore and bear the brunt of (subclinical)pellagra often in ex-colonial subjects—to whom dietary reparations could bridge international inequality gaps.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.