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Analysis of badminton competitions in 2012 London Olympics

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ISSN: 2147-5652
Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise
http://selcukbesyod.selcuk.edu.tr/sumbtd/index
Year: 2014 - Volume: 16 - Issue: 3 - Pages: 55-60
DOI: 10.15314/TJSE.201439615
Analysis of badminton competitions in 2012 London
Olympics
Mert AYDOGMUS1, Erkal ARSLANOGLU2, Omer SENEL3
1 Hasan Doğan School of Physical Education and Sports, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey.
2 Sarıkamış School of Physical Education and Sports, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
3 School of Physical Educat,on and Sports, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Address Correspondence to E. Arslanoğlu, erkaloglu@gazi.edu.tr.
Abstract
In this study, the general analysis of 2012 London Olympics Badminton matches are aimed to be made. In this analysis, the
physical characteristics of the Olympic players, the average match and rally durations, the countries which have participated
by rally stroke points and the distributions of the medals were studied. The official website of 2012 London Olympics were
used as a means of collecting data and during the matches, the results and analysis of a total 189 matches published on this
site were recorded and evaluated. The study was carried out by using the data which belong to a total of 170 players (90
women and 80 men) who participated from 52 countries. Descriptive statistical analysis of data (mean, standard deviation,
minimum and maximum values, percentage distribution) was done by using SPSS 17.0 for Windows. As a result of this
research, the mean total match duration in singles and doubles categories were determined as; for males 45.12±13.24
minutes, 39.37±11.46 minutes, for females 37.7±12.46 minutes, 42.27 ±8.94 minutes respectively. The longest rally mean
durations of competitions in man and women singles were respectively 38.4±16.22 seconds, 34.6±8.15 seconds; in men
doubles, in women doubles and in mix doubles were respectively 38.18±15.13, 48.16±11.8 and 23.19±9.15 seconds. When the
highest rally strokes, with average of 53,39±15,7 strokes, took place in the women doubles, it was followed by women
singles (41,39±10,6), men singles (38.66±13.26), men doubles (36.74±12.58) and mix doubles (35.43±8.67). When looked at the
data obtained in this study, it is observed that the highest mean match durations are in men singles and the longest mean
rally durations and the highest mean rally strokes are in women doubles categories. As a conclusion, according to the 2012
London Olympics analysis, badminton coaches must revise technical, tactical, conditional elements of badminton and they
have to prepare special schedules for category properties.
Key Words: Badminton, 2012 London Olympic Games, match analysis.
INTRODUCTION
Badminton is a sports activity characterized by its
continuous high density during games, its long
durations and its periodical brakes (9). After
badminton was represented officially in the 1992
Barcelona Olympics, the performance capabilities of
the players became the focus of the researches. Despite
having an old and rooted historical background, we
cannot say that it is as widespread as expected in our
country. It has a very short historical background in
Turkey (the foundation of Turkey Badminton
Federation is 1991). However, the development and
promotion facilities are rapidly continuing. Besides,
badminton takes place in the most preferred free time
activities. Since the playground could be set up easily
and since the amateurs could easily start playing it,
people are interested in these sports (8).
In badminton, as in the other sports which use
racquets, there are short-termed maximal and
submaximal overloading and short-termed resting
periods. In such sports, speed, coordination, strength,
reaction, instinct, game skills and technics are
considered as preconditions of success (4). In high-
level competitors, high level aerobic capacity is
needed (10). The duration of a badminton match
changes between 15-90 minutes depending on the
performance of the players and the number of the
rounds played (6,13).
Aydogmus et al. 2014
Turk J Sport Exe 2014; 16(3): 5560
© 2014 Department of Physical Education and Sport, Selcuk University 56
From time to time, so as to make the conditions of
the game more appealing, to improve the visual
quality and to increase the number of sponsors and
audience, International Badminton Federation (IBF)
makes some changes on the rules. From these, the
changes in the score system are the most attractive
one. When it was 15 in all the categories in 2004
Olympic Games, the game was played over 21 round
score and by changing the service system, each
mistake was counted as a point in 2008 and 2012
Olympic Games. Again since the beginning of 2014, a
trial has been started for another change in the system
(11 points X 5 rounds). In this condition, it is clear that
there will be a change in the physical and mental
stress levels of the players and, as a result, a change in
their tactics.
In this study, the general analysis of 2012 London
Olympics Badminton matches are aimed to be made.
MATERIAL & METHOD
In this study, the official website of 2012 London
Olympics was used as a means of collecting data (11).
During the matches, the results and analysis of total
189 matches (men singles 48, women singles 58, men
doubles 29, women doubles 22 and mix doubles 32
matches) published on this site were evaluated. In this
study, 90 women with average height of 169.12±6.12
cm, average weight of 61.25±5.18 kg, average age of
25.77±3.12 and 80 men with average height of
179.29±6.47 cm, average weight of 72.78±7.16 kg and
average age of 27.38±4.14 participated from 52
countries.
Descriptive statistical analysis of data (mean,
standard deviation, minimum and maximum values,
percentage distribution) was done by using SPSS 17.0
Statistical Program.
RESULTS
As seen in table 1, the average age, the average
height and the average weight of the women (no=90)
and men (no=80) players who joined the 2012
Olympics are respectively 25.77 ± 3.12 years old,
169.12 ± 6.12 cm, 61.25 ± 5.18 kg for women; 27.38 ±
4.14, 179.29 ± 6.47 cm, 72.78 ± 7.16 kg for men.
At the end of the man singles, the average
duration of the match was 45.12±13.24 minutes. In
rounds, the 3rd round (with the average of 25.06±4.2
minutes) is the longest average round. In rally
durations, the 2nd round (with 41.12±9.12 seconds)
has the longest duration. The highest average rally
strokes are 44.4±12.8 times.
Table 1. The physical characteristics of the athletes.
Variables
N
Min.
Max.
SD
Age (year)
Woman
90
155
183
6.12
Man
80
163
197
6.47
Height (cm)
Woman
90
50
75
5.18
Man
80
60
95
7.16
Weight (kg)
Woman
90
17
38
3.12
Man
80
21
37
4.14
Table 2. The analysis of man singles (48 matches in total).
Min
Max
Mean
SD
Match duration (min)
1st round
7
28
22.18
4.12
2nd round
9
32
22
3.54
3rd round
13
28
25.06
4.2
Total
22
79
45.12
13.24
The longest rally duration
(sec)
1st round
9
65
35.31
15.78
2nd round
12
85
41.12
9.12
3rd round
17
69
34.05
14.52
Total
17
85
38.4
16.22
The highest rally strokes
1st round
9
90
34.5
13.58
2nd round
17
51
38.75
8.54
3rd round
14
58
44.4
12.8
Total
18
90
38.66
13.26
Table 3. The analysis of women singles (58 matches in total).
Min
Max
Mean
SD
Match duration (min)
1st round
15
25
19.2
4.04
2nd round
12
28
20.28
4.12
3rd round
19
23
21.75
5.13
Total
20
78
37.7
12.46
The longest rally duration
(sec)
1st round
8
46
29.6
6.57
1st round
8
46
29,6
6,57
2nd round
9
56
30.92
8.48
3rd round
25
34
30.4
9.23
Total
16
56
34.6
8.15
The highest rally strokes
1st round
18
41
23.68
8.24
2nd round
18
43
23.21
7.02
3rd round
24
29
25.23
5.16
Total
18
43
41.39
10.6
In women singles matches, it is seen that the
average total match duration is 37.7±12.4 minutes and
Aydogmus et al. 2014
Turk J Sport Exe 2014; 16(3): 5560
© 2014 Department of Physical Education and Sport, Selcuk University 57
the average longest rally duration is 34.6±8.15 seconds.
The highest average rally stroke is 41.39±10.6 times. In
common, the three are seen at the 3rd round (Table 3).
In men doubles matches, the average total match
duration is 39.37±11.46 minutes and the average
longest rally duration is 38.18±15.13 seconds and the
highest average rally strokes is 36.74±12.58 times
(Table 4).
When we observe table 5, the average total match
duration is 42.27±8.94 minutes and the average longest
rally duration is 48.16±11.8 seconds and the highest
average rally strokes is 53.39±15.7 times.
Table 4. The analysis of men doubles (29 matches in total).
Min
Max
Mean
SD
Match duration (min)
1st round
8
24
19.42
4.46
2nd round
9
25
22.85
5.21
3rd round
21
28
26.45
3.25
Total
26
83
39.37
11.46
The longest rally duration
(sec)
1st round
16
60
36.14
7.16
2nd round
12
67
35.42
17.57
3rd round
18
43
32.65
5.16
Total
16
67
38.18
15.13
The highest rally strokes
1st round
14
72
33.28
6.26
2nd round
14
52
39.4
11.57
3rd round
18
59
34.56
8.15
Total
16
63
36.74
12.58
Table 5. The analysis of women doubles (22 matches in total).
Min
Max
Mean
SD
Match duration (min)
1st round
9
26
16.42
8.44
2nd round
9
24
16.71
4.25
3rd round
17
18
17.50
3.65
Total
20
82
42.27
8.94
The longest rally duration
(sec)
1st round
25
57
39.71
20.61
2nd round
21
64
36.28
22.28
3rd round
24
25
24.5
9.82
Total
21
64
48.16
11.8
The highest rally strokes
1st round
28
57
40.14
22.34
2nd round
22
71
37.57
16.12
3rd round
27
28
27.5
18.5
Total
22
71
53.39
15.7
Table 6. The analysis of mix doubles (32 matches in total).
Min
Max
Mean
SD
Match duration (min)
1st round
8
36
20.87
6.2
2nd round
12
38
21.75
4.12
3rd round
16
42
24
4.19
Total
24
76
44.27
16.44
The longest rally duration
(sec)
1st round
15
62
26.44
12.56
2nd round
17
49
20.80
8.65
3rd round
21
50
22.33
10.12
Total
21
62
23.19
9.15
The highest rally strokes
1st round
14
44
32.46
8.56
2nd round
17
58
36.42
10.24
3rd round
24
54
34.25
8.45
Total
24
58
35.43
8.67
In the matches played in mix doubles category in
2012 London Olympics, the average total match
duration, the average longest rally duration and the
highest average rally strokes are 44.27±16.44 minutes,
23.19±9.15 seconds and 35.43±8.67 times respectively
(Table 6).
As seen in table 7, China's contribution is the
highest in 2012 London Olympics following (15
players - %8.82), Korea (14 athletes - %8.24), Denmark
and Japan (11 players - %6.47). 26 countries were
represented with 1 player (%1.11).
While China was the first with 8 medals (5 gold, 2
silver and 1 bronze), Denmark (2 medals), Japan (1
medal), Korea (1 medal), India (1 medal), Malaysia (1
medal) and Russia (1 medal) followed China.
DISCUSSION
The general analysis of Badminton matches
(which took place in 2012 London Olympics) was
made. The physical characteristics of the players who
participated, the average match duration, the average
rally duration, the average rally strokes and the
distribution of the athletes according to their countries
and how many medals they won were observed.
A total of 170 players (90 women and 80 men)
took place in the Olympics. China, with 15 players (8
men and 7 women), is the country that contributed the
most (Table 7). To the Athens Olympics in 2004, a total
of 162 athletes participated from 30 countries and to
the 2008 Beijing Olympics 173 athletes participated
from 50 countries. In both of the Olympics, China was
Aydogmus et al. 2014
Turk J Sport Exe 2014; 16(3): 5560
© 2014 Department of Physical Education and Sport, Selcuk University 58
the one who contributed the most (26 players in 2004,
19 players in 2008). In 2004, 4 countries joined with 1
player and in 2008, 18 countries joined with 1 player
(1).
The average age, average height and average
weight of the players who took place in the Olympics
are respectively 25.77±3.12 years old, 169.12±6.12 cm,
61.25±5.18 kg for ladies and 27.38±4.14 years old,
179.29±6.47 cm, 72.78±7.16 kg for men.
Table 7. The distribution of the countries participated to the2012 London Olympic.
Table 8. The distribution of medals in 2012 London Olympics.
Aydogmus et al. 2014
Turk J Sport Exe 2014; 16(3): 5560
© 2014 Department of Physical Education and Sport, Selcuk University 59
In the study that Senel & Eroglu (15) conducted
in 2005, it is clearly seen that for ladies the average age
is 25.59, the average weight is 62.2 kg and the average
height is 168.3 cm. In the research that Revan et al. (4)
conducted in 2007 on elite badminton players, the
average weight and height of the national players of
the Turkish National Badminton Team are 175.0±7.3
cm and 67.5±7.7 kg for men; 166.4±5.6 cm and 59.5±7.7
kg for women. The players of the 2008 Beijing
Olympic Games' average age, average height and
average weight are respectively 25.16±3.7, 168.32±6.28
cm, 61.66±5.97 kg for women and 27.12±4.02,
178.98±6.48 cm, 73.47±7.59 kg for men (1).
In man singles match durations, the average
duration for the 1st round is 22.18±4.12 minutes, for
the 2nd round is 22±3.54 minutes and for the 3rd
round is 25.06±4.2 minutes and the total duration is
45.12±13.24 minutes. In lady singles the average
durations for each round are respectively 19.2±4.04
minutes, 20.28±4.12 minutes and 21.75±5.13 minutes
and the total duration is 37.7±12.46 minutes. In men
doubles the average durations for each round are
respectively 19.42±4.46 minutes, 22.85±5.21 minutes
and 26.45±3.25 minutes and the total duration is
39.37±11.46 minutes. In ladies doubles the average
durations for each round are respectively 16.42±8.44
minutes, 16.71±4.25 minutes, 17.5±3.65 minutes and
the total duration is 42.27±8.94 minutes. And lastly in
mix doubles we see that the average durations for
each round are respectively 20.87±6.2 minutes,
21.75±4.32 minutes, 24±4.19 minutes and the total
duration is 44.27±16.44 minutes.
In the study that Cinemre et al. (7) conducted on
young badminton players, they found out that in the
lady singles the average duration for the 1st round is
4.50± 2.21 minutes and for the 2nd round is 6.01±1.69
minutes and in the man singles the average duration
for the 1st round is 10.15±3.25 minutes and for the 2nd
round is 16.91±7.26 minutes. Aydogmus determined
in his 2002 study that Turkish National Men
Badminton players played 33.78 minutes in total (2).
In another research which Aydogmus et al. (3)
conducted, they found out that in 3x15 point system
the average duration is 33.78 minutes and in 5x7 point
system it is 27.21 minutes.
In a study conducted on 8 women and 8 men
about match analysis, it is determined that in 21 point
system, the average match duration for men is 17.27
minutes and for women it is 17.14 minutes (12). In
2008 Olympics, in men singles, this duration is
approximately 41.7 minutes (1).
When we look at the longest rally durations in
the matches, the average of man singles for the 1st
round is 35.31±15.78 seconds, for the 2nd round is
41.12±9.12 seconds and for the 3rd round is
34.05±14.52 seconds and the mean of these 3 rounds is
38.4±16.22 seconds. In lady singles the average for
each round are respectively 29.6±6.57 seconds,
30.92±8.48 seconds and 30.4±9.23 seconds and the
mean for the longest rally duration of these 3 rounds
is 34.6 ±8.15 seconds. In men doubles the average for
each round are respectively 36.14±7.16 seconds,
35.42±17.57 seconds and 32.65±5.16 seconds and the
mean of these 3 rounds is 38.18±15.13 seconds. In
ladies doubles the average for each round are
respectively 39.71±20.61 seconds, 36.28±22.28 seconds
and 24.5±9.82 seconds and the mean of these 3 rounds
is 48.16±11.8 seconds. And lastly in mix doubles we
see that the average rally durations for each round are
respectively 26.44±12.56 seconds, 20.80±8.65 seconds,
22.33±10.12 seconds and the mean of 3 rounds is
23.19±9.15 seconds (Tables 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).
In the study which Cabello and Gonzales worked
on in 2003 (6), they defined the match duration as 28
minutes, the rally duration as 6.4 seconds and break
times as 12.9 seconds. Again, Cabello et al. (5) state
that the rally duration is 8 seconds and the time to rest
is twice of it (16 seconds) according to their research
on three high-level national players.
When the highest rally strokes are observed in
the matches, it is seen that in man singles in the 1st
round it is 34.5±13.58 times, in the 2nd it is 38.75±8.54
times, in the 3rd it is 44.4±12.8 times and the mean of
these 3 rounds is 38.66±13.26 times. In lady singles in
the 1st round it is 23.68±8.24 times, in the 2nd it is
23.21±7.02 times, in the 3rd it is 25.23±5.16 times and
the mean of these 3 rounds is 41.39±10.6 times. In men
doubles in the 1st round it is 33.28±6.26 times, in the
2nd it is 39.4±11.57 times, in the 3rd it is 34.56±8.15
times and the mean of these 3 rounds is 36.74±12.58
times. In ladies doubles in the 1st round it is
40.14±22.34 times, in the 2nd it is 37.57±16.12 times, in
the 3rd it is 27.5±18.5 times and the mean of these 3
rounds is 53.39±15.7 times. And at last, in mix doubles,
it is seen that in the 1st round it is 32.46±8.56 times, in
the 2nd it is 36.42±10.24 times, in the 3rd it is
34.25±8.45 times and the mean of these 3 rounds is
Aydogmus et al. 2014
Turk J Sport Exe 2014; 16(3): 5560
© 2014 Department of Physical Education and Sport, Selcuk University 60
35.43±8.67 times (Tables 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).
The difference between 2012 London Olympics
and the previous two Olympic Games is the countries
which participated and the number of the players.
When there were 162 participants from 30 countries
(76 women, 86 men) in 2004 Olympics, this number
has increased to 173 participants from 50 countries (86
women, 87 men). In 2012 London Olympics this
number has become 170 participants from 52 countries
(90 women, 80 men). While China is the first with 8
medals (5 gold, 2 silver and 1 bronze) in 2012 London,
Denmark follows China with 2 medals (1 silver and 1
bronze).
To conclude the study, we can say that not the
match durations but the rally durations and the
strokes being more in ladies doubles can be related
with women having less strength than men and
ending strokes such as smashes being less.
Furthermore, we can explain why these parameters
don't reflect on match durations by the reduction in
the number of continuous matches. In mixed doubles
categories, rather than the rally durations and the
number of strokes, tactic is on the forefront. In the
game, rapid strokes like smashes and drives are
generally used and we can say that this type of game
shortens the rally durations of the match.
As a result, according to the 2012 London
Olympics analysis, badminton coaches and players
must revise technical, tactical, conditional elements of
badminton and they have to prepare special schedules
for category properties.
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... Over time, apart from optimizing the physical performance of badminton players, many statistical studies have been conducted regarding the evaluation of badminton games which aim to provide information to both players and coaches in order to improve the performance of the athletes. Aydogmus et al. (2014) studied the physical characteristics of the 2012 Olympic players in the badminton sector, including average match, rally durations, and the highest rally strokes [4]. The information obtained from the results of the analysis can be used by coaches to improve athlete performance related to technical and tactical aspects, as well as athlete training scheduling so that performance is more optimal. ...
... Over time, apart from optimizing the physical performance of badminton players, many statistical studies have been conducted regarding the evaluation of badminton games which aim to provide information to both players and coaches in order to improve the performance of the athletes. Aydogmus et al. (2014) studied the physical characteristics of the 2012 Olympic players in the badminton sector, including average match, rally durations, and the highest rally strokes [4]. The information obtained from the results of the analysis can be used by coaches to improve athlete performance related to technical and tactical aspects, as well as athlete training scheduling so that performance is more optimal. ...
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Badminton is one of the most popular sports in the world, especially in Asia. It has a parent organization called Badminton World Federation (BWF). Discussion about player strategies in winning various championships held by BWF is an interesting topic to discuss. This paper aims to analyze the hitting patterns of badminton players by paying attention to the sequence of types of strokes made by the players, including lobs, netting, smashes, drives, and dropshots. Sequential pattern discovery using the equivalent class algorithm (SPADE) is the appropriate method to identify these problems because it can determine the rules and probabilities of player’s hitting patterns based on the order of the types of strokes. In this paper, we analyze the stroke pattern of the two top-ranked badminton players in the men’s singles sector at the Malaysia Open 2022 championship, where Viktor Axelsen and Kento Momota met in the final. Based on the results of this research, we analyze the strategies and recommended hitting patterns from the information on the two players’ patterns. The results of this study, in general, can be used as information for players to understand and analyze the opponent’s performance or strategy before competing.
... With the continuous improvement of badminton players' competitive level, scientific and perfect training methods and efficient and intelligent technical and tactical analysis and decision-making mechanisms after the game are increasingly required to improve the badminton players' competitive level to meet the changing structure of the game. Especially in elite badminton players, the quantitative analysis of variables related to time [7,8] and skills and tactics in the game [9] has attracted great attention from related researchers [10,5] . In addition, the above-mentioned researchers also conducted a descriptive and quantitative analysis of the badminton game video to study the specific performance of badminton players in the game [4] . ...
... In this way, the athlete can improve the strength of the muscles, the overall strength and the quickness, while stabilizing the running technique (Kale, 2011;Vicen, Del Coso, Millan, Salinero & Abian, 2012). When the literature is examined, there were numerous researches, which revealed the characteristics of the play, stating that the longest rally times in females and males consecutively are 34.6 and 38.4 seconds (Aydoğmuş, Arslanoğlu & Şenel, 2014), that the time of intervals between the points are 27-30 seconds (Abian, Castanedo, Feng, Sampedro & Abian-Vicen, 2014), that the maximal speed of a shuttlecock measured as 421 km/h and that it is the fastest ball in the world (Bankosz, Nawara & Ociepa, 2013;Huynh, 2011). In another research, Seth (2016) indicated that badminton sport is characterized with short period, high intensity, and short intervals. ...
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The aim of this research is to compare the motoric features of badminton players of the national teams participated in International tournament under-15, and to determine whether there is a correlation between the development level of motoric features and the results. Totally 48 players participated in the study, from 6 countries (Turkey, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Serbia, Georgia) participating in the 5th International Rumi Child Sport Games, 24 of whom were females and 24 males. Stature, bodyweight, body mass index (BMI), flexibility, dominant and non-dominant hand grasping power, standing long jump, sit-up for 30 seconds, vertical jumping test, and anaerobic strength values of the participants were detected. It was determined that there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the countries in terms of dominant hand grasping power, vertical jumping, and standing long jump values of the male players; and in terms of bodyweight, BMI, dominant and non-dominant hand grasping power values of the female players. As conclusion, it was found that the motoric features of the players ranked in the International Tournament under-15 were in better level, and it can be concluded for badminton sport that development of motoric features played an important role for success alongside with technique and tactic features.
... Literature review research indicates that the shuttlecock bounces back 0.93 s after a shot in a rally [4], and that the average time of a rally is in between 6-11.5 s [5,6]. Another study reported that the longest rally times in females and males consecutively were 34.6 and 38.4 s [7]. A different study emphasized that the time of intervals between the points were 27-30 s [8]. ...
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This research was conducted to examine the simple visual and auditory reaction times of badminton players of the national teams and to examine the possible effects of reaction-time average values of badminton players under the age of 15 who participated in the fifth International Rumi Child Sport Games. In total, 48 players (male = 24; female = 24) from six countries (Turkey, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Serbia, Georgia) participated in the study. Stature, bodyweight, BMI, dominant and non-dominant hand visual and auditory reaction time values of the participants were detected. At the end of the study, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences between the countries in terms of male dominant and non-dominant hand visual reaction values, and male dominant hand auditory reaction values. It was also determined that there were statistically significant differences between the countries in terms of female bodyweight, BMI, dominant and non-dominant hand visual reaction values, and female non-dominant hand auditory reaction values. There was statistically significant difference between female and male players with regards to dominant and non-dominant hand visual, and non-dominant hand auditory reaction values. In conclusion, it was determined that the reaction times of the top ranking countries in the fifth International Rumi Child Sport Games under-15 were at a better level, and it can be concluded that this factor played an important role for success alongside with technique and tactic features.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the technical and tactical styles of the world's best badminton players at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Materials and methods: The research material consisted of the post-event analysis of 58 matches from the Tokyo Olympics. Through AHP analysis (analytic hierarchy process) to 6 temporal variables with a high influence on match/game effectiveness were selected. Match/game statistical analysis, with the one-way measure of the variance (ANOVA), and independent-sample T-test, were conducted by using IBM SPSS for Windows version 22.0 (IBM. Corp. Armonk, NY) in order to compare the statistical differences. Results: This conducted study showed that frequency of strokes in badminton was 1-1.12 strokes/sec, which is one of the longest rally strokes. The mean and standard deviation of the women's singles players, particularly in the knockout stage, is greater than the mean and standard deviation of the group stage. Results show the differences between Group Phase (35.05±9.77, 47.07±13.12, s, P=0.020) and Eliminatory Phase (11.93±1.58, 13.93±2.30, s, P=0.030) respectively. Conclusions: The women's singles competition currently mainly revolves around the technical and tactical styles of "fast-oriented", "offensive-oriented" and “self-oriented”. This is in line with the current trend of development of the world's women's singles athletes' more "masculine" style of play.
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This research was motivated by the badminton achievements of the students of PGRI University Surabaya. This achievement actually shows the shortcomings or weaknesses of the women's singles athletes at PGRI University Surabaya. Both in defending the attack or the attack ability that is not optimal, it results in ball errors such as unforce errors and diving errors. So that it produces a number for the opponent. The purpose of this research is to provide answers and scientific evidence about unforce error and dives error in the women's singles match for the students of Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach, with the subject of 6 female students at the University of PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya. This study analyzes unforce errors and dives errors in badminton. The results of the analysis of this study are: (1) Unforce error and dive error each have an effect of 28% for unforce error and 72% for dive error
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Bu araştırmada, 2016 Rio Olimpiyatları badminton müsabakalarının genel analizi yapılarak, daha önce düzenlenen Olimpiyat Oyunları (2004 Atina, 2008 Pekin, 2012 Londra) badminton müsabakaları ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Bu çalışmada, veri toplama aracı olarak 2016 Rio Olimpiyat Oyunlarının resmi internet sayfası kullanılmış, müsabakalar süresince bu sayfada yayınlanan toplam 206 müsabakanın sonuç ve analizleri kaydedilerek değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Araştırma, 41 ülkeden olimpiyat vizesi almış 85 kadın ve 87 erkek sporcu olmak üzere toplam 172 sporcuya ait veriler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.Bu araştırma sonucunda; toplam maç süreleri ortalama olarak tekler ve çiftler kategorilerinde sırasıyla; erkekler 46,37±14,62 dk., 53,42±18,91 dk., kadınlar 42,44±13,09 dk., 53±16,81 dk., olarak belirlenmiştir. Karışık çiftlerde ise bu süre 46,78±14,99 dk. olarak tespit edilmiştir. En uzun ralli süreleri ortalaması tek erkek ve kadınlarda sırasıyla 43.6±16.77 sn., 36.96±13.77 sn., çift erkek, çift kadın ve karışık çiftler kategorilerinde sırasıyla; 40.18±18.06 sn., 53.53±17.69 sn. ve 33.75±10.32 sn.’ dir. Bu araştırmada elde edilen veriler geçmiş Olimpiyat Oyunları ile karşılaştırıldığında, toplam maç süresi ortalaması, en uzun ralli süre ortalaması ve en yüksek ralli vuruş sayısı ortalamasının artmış olduğu görülmektedir.
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THIS REVIEW PROVIDES A STOCK TAKE OF BADMINTON-SPECIFIC CHANGE OF DIRECTION (COD) RESEARCH AND PROVIDES RECOMMENDATIONS TO PRACTITIONERS FOR COD ASSESSMENT. THE REVIEW WILL EXAMINE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN COD AND THE FOLLOWING MEASURES: ANTHROPOMETRY, ELASTIC STRENGTH, CONCENTRIC STRENGTH, LEG MUSCLE IMBALANCES, TECHNIQUE, STRAIGHT-LINE SPRINT SPEED, AND FLEXIBILITY. A BADMINTON-SPECIFIC COD ASSESSMENT BATTERY IS PROPOSED WITH THE INCLUSION OF 2 NEW TESTS: A MULTIDIRECTIONAL LUNGE TEST AND A MULTIDIRECTIONAL CYCLIC COD TEST.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the time motion and notational variables of 21 point singles' badminton play and of the old scoring system (15 points for males and 11 for females). Sixteen (8 males and 8 females) state-level badminton players with a mean age of 15.7 ± 1.2 years participated in this study. They were initially tested using incremental treadmill test following Bruce protocol to obtain individual maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) value. VO2max of the male and female participants were 47.1 ± 5.2 ml·kg-1·min-1 and 39.8 ± 6.2 ml·kg-1·min-1 respectively. On a separate day, they played a simulated badminton match using 21 points (Trial 1) and 15 / 11 points (Trial 2) scoring system. During the trials, a video camera was used for time-motion and notational analysis throughout the match. The statistical analysis showed that total number of shots and rallies in a match were the only variables which were significantly higher in the 15 points compared to 21 points in men's singles match play (331.2 ± 51.6 vs 463.5 ± 24.7 (total shots) and 70.2 ± 1.2 vs 97 ± 6.6 (total rallies) respectively). Even though female players had a greater point difference (10 points) in the new scoring system compared to the male counterparts, there were no significant differences in all parameters measured. The patterns of play which were analyzed on the basis of notational variables were also similar in both scoring systems. However, some differences in the time motion and notational analysis were found between genders suggesting that there should be different training regimens for men and women in their respective disciplines due to greater intensity, speed of play and the longer rally lengths in men's singles. Therefore, it is recommended that players should impart more emphasis in the development and improvement of the skills/techniques rather than making any drastic changes to the training programme to develop their physical fitness to meet the demands of the match with the 21 point scoring system.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate of some physical and physiological characteristics of Turkish and Foreign National Badminton Team Players.The study was participated by 50 players from Turkish team (12 males and 11 females), from foreign team (13 females and 14 males). Body mass index, audio and visual reaction times, anaerobic power, body fat percentage and somatotype components of the participants were determined.While visual right hand reaction times of Turkish Male Badminton Players were better than foreign players, other physical parameters were not found as statistically significant between male player groups. While visual left hand reaction times of Turkish Female Badminton Players were better and mesomorphy values were less than foreign players, in other physical parameters a statistically significant difference could not found between female player groups.As a result, physical and physiological characteristics of Turkish and foreign badminton players were similar.
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To describe the characteristics of badminton in order to determine the energy requirements, temporal structure, and movements in the game that indicate performance level. To use the findings to plan training with greater precision. Eleven badminton players (mean (SD) age 21.8 (3.26) years) with international experience from four different countries (France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal) were studied. Two of the Spanish players were monitored in several matches, giving a total of 14 samples, all during the 1999 Spanish International Tournament. Blood lactate concentration was measured with a reflective photometer. Maximum and average heart rates were recorded with a heart rate monitor. Temporal structure and actions during the matches were determined from video recordings. All variables were measured during and after the game and later analysed using a descriptive study. The results confirmed the high demands of the sport, with a maximum heart rate of 190.5 beats/min and an average of 173.5 beats/min during matches over 28 minutes long and performance intervals of 6.4 seconds and rest time of 12.9 seconds between exchanges. The results suggest that badminton is characterised by repetitive efforts of alactic nature and great intensity which are continuously performed throughout the match. An awareness of these characteristics, together with data on the correlations between certain actions such as unforced errors and winning shots and the final result of the match, will aid in more appropriate planning and monitoring of specific training.
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Table tennis, like tennis, squash and badminton, is a racket sport. All these sports have in common a rapid succession of mostly short-term maximal or submaximal efforts and short recovery phases. The goal of this paper is to investigate the psychophysical stress in table tennis by means of the stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine. The catecholamines were determined from urine samples. 16 Austrian top-level table tennis players were examined. There were 8 female and 8 male players in this group. The catecholamine excretion at rest (R), training (TR), practice competition (PC), competition (C) and treadmill ergometry (TE) are indicated in ng/min of collecting time. When the group is divided according to sex, we find marked differences in the catecholamine release. While the epinephrine excretion during and after training and practice competition is basically the same, it is lower during and after treadmill ergometry and higher after competition. The same result was found with respect to norepinephrine excretion. The ratio between norepinephrine and epinephrine was 4:1 at rest and during and after treadmill ergometry, 6:1 during and after training, 5:1 during and after the practice competition and 2:1 during and after the competition. The investigation showed that a table tennis competition puts high stress on the player. The mental component should therefore receive much more importance in order to keep the stress low.
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The present study aimed at examining the physiological characteristics and metabolic demands of badminton single match play. Twelve internationally ranked badminton players (eight women and four men) performed an incremental treadmill test [VO(2peak = )50.3 +/- 4.1 ml min(-1) kg(-1) (women) and 61.8 +/- 5.9 ml min(-1) kg(-1) (men), respectively]. On a separate day, they played a simulated badminton match of two 15 min with simultaneous gas exchange (breath-by-breath) and heart rate measurements. Additionally, blood lactate concentrations were determined before, after 15 min and at the end of the match. Furthermore, the duration of rallies and rests in between, the score as well as the number of shots per rally were recorded. A total of 630 rallies was analysed. Mean rally and rest duration were 5.5 +/- 4.4 s and 11.4 +/- 6.0 s, respectively, with an average 5.1 +/- 3.9 shots played per rally. Mean oxygen uptake (VO(2)), heart rate (HR), and blood lactate concentrations during badminton matches were 39.6 +/- 5.7 ml min(-1) kg(-1) (73.3% VO(2peak)), 169 +/- 9 min(-1) (89.0% HR(peak)) and 1.9 +/- 0.7 mmol l(-1), respectively. For a single subject 95% confidence intervals for VO(2) and HR during match play were on average 45.7-100.9% VO(2peak) and 78.3-99.8% HR(peak). High average intensity of badminton match play and considerable variability of several physiological variables demonstrate the importance of anaerobic alactacid and aerobic energy production in competitive badminton. A well-developed aerobic endurance capacity seems necessary for fast recovery between rallies or intensive training workouts.
Analysis of badminton competitions In 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and comparison with the 2004 Olympic Games. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi
  • E Arslanoğlu
  • Y Arslan
  • Ö Şenel
Arslanoğlu E, Arslan Y, Şenel Ö. Analysis of badminton competitions In 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and comparison with the 2004 Olympic Games. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2009; 7(2):77-84.
Farklı skor sistemlerine badminton oyuncularinin fizyolojik ve metabolik cevaplari. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi
  • M Aydoğmuş
  • Ö Şenel
  • N Bukan
  • N A Güzel
Aydoğmuş M, Şenel Ö, Bukan N, Güzel NA. Farklı skor sistemlerine badminton oyuncularinin fizyolojik ve metabolik cevaplari. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2006; 11(2):11-18.
Estudio de la Frecuencia Cardiaca y Acido Lactico en Badminton
  • D Cabello
  • J C Cruz
  • P Padial
Cabello D, Cruz JC, Padial P. Estudio de la Frecuencia Cardiaca y Acido Lactico en Badminton. In: VIII Congresso Europeo de Medicana del Deporte, Granada, October, 1995 (Cited in Cabello and et al 2003).
Evaluation of lactate and heart rate values of young badminton players during the match
  • A Cinemre
  • C Açıkada
  • T Hazır
  • Ö Şenel
Cinemre A, Açıkada C, Hazır T, Şenel Ö. Evaluation of lactate and heart rate values of young badminton players during the match. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Science, 2002; 13(4):22-31.