First record of Pseudorhaphitoma cf. iodolabiata (Hornung & Mermod, 1928) (Mollusca; Gastropoda; Mangeliidae) off the Mediterranean coast of Israel

Abstract

A live juvenile specimen of the mangeliid gastropod Pseudorhaphitoma cf. iodolabiata was noted off the Mediterranean coast of Israel on April 25, 2010, outside the port of Haifa. The occurrence of this Red Sea endemic raises the number of alien mollusk species recorded off the Israeli coast to 137.

Full text

BioInvasions Records (2012) Volume 1, Issue 1: 33–35
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/bir.2012.1.1.07
© 2012 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2012 REABIC
Open Access
33
Aquatic Invasions Records
First record of Pseudorhaphitoma cf. iodolabiata (Hornung & Mermod, 1928)
(Mollusca; Gastropoda; Mangeliidae) off the Mediterranean coast of Israel
Cesare Bogi1* and Bella S. Galil2
1 C/O Lippi Elio, Via Icilio Wan Bergher, 24, 57100 Livorno, Italy
2 National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research, POB 8030, Haifa 31080, Israel
E-mail: bogicesare@tiscali.it (BC), bella@ocean.org.il (BSG)
*Corresponding author
Received: 21 December 2011 / Accepted: 16 January 2012 / Published online: 17 January 2012
Abstract
A live juvenile specimen of the mangeliid gastropod Pseudorhaphitoma cf. iodolabiata was noted off the Mediterranean coast of Israel on
April 25, 2010, outside the port of Haifa. The occurrence of this Red Sea endemic raises the number of alien mollusk species recorded off the
Israeli coast to 137.
Key words: Pseudorhaphitoma cf. iodolabiata, Mollusca, Gastropoda, Mangeliidae, Erythrean species, Mediterranean, Israel
Introduction
The Levantine coast, located northward and
down-current of the Suez Canal mouth, is under
intense propagule pressure and consequently,
hosts the highest number of established
Erythrean alien species (Coll et al. 2010). One
hundred and thirty six marine alien mollusks
have been recorded off the Mediterranean coast
of Israel, mostly are of Indo-West Pacific origin
and considered to have entered the Medi-
terranean through the Suez Canal (Galil 2007).
This study records the presence of yet another
Erythrean alien gastropod mollusc,
Pseudorhaphitoma cf. iodolabiata (Hornung and
Mermod, 1928), in the SE Levant.
Materials and methods
A single juvenile specimen of Pseudorhaphitoma
cf. iodolabiata, complete with soft parts, was
collected on April 25, 2010, at Haifa Bay, Israel,
32°51′09″N, 35°01′23″E at depth of 20.5 m,
shell height 4.0 mm, shell width 2.2 mm. The
specimen is deposited in the National
Collections, Tel Aviv University (TAU Mo-
74884).
Results and discussion
Family Mangeliidae P. Fischer, 1883
Genus Pseudorhaphitoma Boettger, 1895
Pseudorhaphitoma cf. iodolabiata (Hornung and
Mermod, 1928)
(Figure 1a-c)
Mangilia (Clathurella) iodolabiata Hornung and
Mermod, 1928: 112, Figure 2)
Pseudorhaphitoma iodolabiata Kilburn, 1993:
326, Dekker and Orlin, 2000: 32.
Description (juvenile specimen): Shell biconic-
claviform, with distinctly produced base and
fairly acute, orthoconoid spire, left side of base
strongly concave. Protoconch conical, acute, of
about three convex whorls, first two whorls
smooth, curved axial riblets as wide as intervals
on last whorl. Teleoconch whorls four in
number, suture marked and slightly undulated,
shoulder slope of whorls slightly convex. Strong
axial ribs, 8 per whorl, more or less continuous
from whorl to whorl, slightly opistocline,
slightly curved at suture, ribs subequal to their
concave intervals, reduced at the base. Two

C. Bogi and B.S. Galil
34
Figure 1. Pseudoraphitoma
iodolabiata, Haifa Bay, Israel.
a: frontal view; b: detail of the
microsculpture; c: detail of the
protoconch.
Figure 2. Pseudoraphitoma
iodolabiata, Holotype,
Massawa, Eritrea. a: frontal
view; b: side view; c: detail of
the microsculpture;
d: accompanying labels.
spiral ridges on lower half of each spiral whorl,
projecting markedly across ribs, rendering them
distinctly bicarinate, upper keel prominent,
forming a distinct median angle, lower keel
equidistant between suture and upper keel. No
subsutural crest. On the body whorl two more
distinct ridges over the aperture and about 10,
less well marked, to the base of the shell.
Surface of teleoconch covered by dense
granulose microspiral threads (7-8 between the
two ridges, 14-15 between the suture and the
upper ridge). Aperture uterine, greatest width at
upper third; inner lip slightly convex medially;
outer lip preceded by a moderate varix, lip
slightly patulous, with sharp edge, weakly
crenulated in side view by the termination of
spiral ridges, no denticles on interior of lip.
Siphonal canal moderately long, oblique, distally
truncate. Uniform light brown shell, dark stain
on inner curvature of aperture.
Remarks: Pseudorhaphitoma iodolabiata was
described by Hornung and Mermod (1928) from
Massaua in the southern Red Sea (20-30 m),
from material collected by Arturo Issel, in 1870,
in the course of a scientific expedition to Assab
and Massawa organized by the Societa

First record of Pseudorhaphitoma cf. iodolabiata off the Mediterranean coast of Israel
35
Geografica Italiana and deposited in the Museo
civico di Storia naturale at Genoa. The holotype,
a badly corroded specimen, measures 3,9 mm
rather than 7,5 mm (Hornung and Mermod 1928)
(Figure 2a-d). We also note that the name is
written on the hand written label as “Mangilia
(Clathurella iodiolabiata”, possibly referring to
the color of the stain on the lip. A label confirms
the specimen was examined by Kilburn (Figure
2d). No other information of the species exists,
although it was mentioned in subsequent studies
(Kilburn 1993; Dekker and Orlin 2000). It is
considered a Red Sea endemic (Dekker and Orlin
2000). The genus is known from the tropical and
subtropical Indo west Pacific, and has not been
hitherto represented in the Mediterranean Sea. In
his revision of the genus Kilburn (1993)
distinguished three different protoconch types
depending on their structure, shape and number
of whorls (1993: 321). Our specimen belong
within Type B: “Protoconch conical, of about
2,5-3,5 whorls, the last whorl (at least) axially
ribbed”. The protoconch of P. cf. iodolabiata
differs from that of the closely allied P. sienna
Kilburn, 1993 (p. 323, Figure 2), in that in the
former the first whorl is not depressed and the
two first protoconch whorls are smooth.
According to Kilburn (1993), adult
Pseudorhaphitoma have a blunt labral tooth
anterior to anal sinus and sometimes additional
denticles anteriorly. The inner lip usually has a
parietal nodule and occasionally 1-2 denticles on
the columella. Edge of columella flattened,
somewhat horny. The specimen collected off the
Mediterranean coast of Israel lacks those
characters, being immature. Therefore it is
recorded as “cf” pending collection of mature
individuals. A smaller specimen (2.6 mm high),
identified as P. iodolabiata, was collected in
2011 in Iskenderun Bay, Turkey (Öztürk 2012).
Acknowledgements
The authors are deeply grateful to Henk K. Mienis, Israel, for his
advice and comments, Stefano Bartolini, Firenze, Italy, for
photograpy, and Dr. Maria Tavano, curator of the collection at the
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genoa, Italy, for allowing us to
examine the type of P. iodolabiata. The research leading to these
results has received funding from the European Community’s
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) for the projects
Vectors of Change in Oceans and Seas Marine Life, Impact on
Economic Sectors (VECTORS) and Options for Delivering
Ecosystem-Based Marine Management (ODEMM) (BSG).
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