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Limitation of Sovereignty by European Integration: The German Experience in a Comparative View
Abstract
The contribution reflects on the limitation of national sovereignty which has been effectuated by a transfer of national competences to the supranational institutions. The EU member states have opened their formerly closed legal orders through such transfers and accepted that EU law has direct normative effect. Primacy of EU law is generally accepted, but not regarded as being absolute. In tendency, the core elements of a Constitution are safeguarded by the constitutional courts which have elaborated the concept of constitutional identity.
This paper introduces different perspectives of rule of law in the European Union starting out of the assumption that fear and (common) economic interests continue to be the primary motivator of European integration as to the European Union. The analysis touches upon the problematic tension between national specificities of the rule of law developed organically inside state frameworks of constitutionalism, through the practice of national constitutional courts and the practice and standards of international organizations and institutions in this matter. Starting out of problems brought about by open statehood and the “dialogical” development of rule of lawin the European Union, the paper also describes the institutions, concepts and processes relevant to the enforcement of the value of rule of law in the EU.
A nemzeti alkotmánybíróságok és az EUB kapcsolatát, illetve az uniós jog abszolút primátusát a tagállami alkotmányok felett az alkotmányértelmező testületek az európai alkotmányos párbeszéd eszközével igyekeztek és igyekeznek a mai napig a fenntarthatóság medrén belül tartani, míg az e relációk meghatározása iránti igény időközben életre hívta az alkotmányos identitás védelmének szükségességét. Az elmúlt évek tudományos diskurzusában mind többször találkozhattunk a „nyílt kenyértörés” pillanatával, mikor az e testületek közötti viszony meghatározatlanságából fakadóan a testületek és az általuk védelmezett jogforrások összeütköznek. 2020. május 5-én úgy tűnik, hogy a Német Szövetségi Alkotmánybíróság PSPP tárgyában hozott döntésével e pillanat elérkezett, bár talán kevésbé lesznek hevesek az ezt követő folyamatok, mint azt elsőre gondolnánk. A tanulmány bevezetője röviden érinti az EUB és a nemzeti alkotmánybíróságok közötti hatásköri kérdéseket, majd – annak fő részében – e német döntés alkotmányjogi magvának, az integrációért viselt alkotmányos felelősségnek (Integrationsverantwortung) az elemzéséből kiindulva írja le annak elméleti és gyakorlati fontosságát, várható hatásait és utóéletét az alkotmánybíráskodást végző nemzeti fórumok és az EUB közötti kapcsolat vonatkozásában, kitekintve a releváns EUB-gyakorlat megállapításaira is.
Peer-reviewed, accepted for publication in Európai Tükör (European Mirror), 2020/2.
“The master pulls a fence around his house”?
The significance of the PSPP decision of the German Federal Constitutional Court and the reality of constitutional responsibility for European integration
Abstract (article available in Hungarian)
The relationship between national constitutional courts and the CJEU, and the absolute primacy of EU law over the constitutions of the Member States, has been and continues to be sustained by all bodies interpreting the constitutions through the so-called European constitutional dialogue, while the need to define these relations invoked the necessity of protecting constitutional identity. In the scientific discourse of recent years, we can come across moments of ‘bread breaking’ with increasing frequency, when, due to the uncertainty of the relationship between these organs, they and the sources of law they protect collide. On May 5, 2020, with the German Federal Constitutional Court’s PSPP-decision said moment seems to have arrived, although perhaps the resulting processes will be less intense than we might first think. In its introduction, the paper shortly touches upon standing questions of the competences between national constitutional courts and the CJEU, then – in its main part -, starting out of the constitutional core of the decision, i.e. the constitutional responsibility for the integration (Integrationsverantwortung) describes the practical and theoretical importance of this German decision, as well as its expected effects and its afterlife regarding national bodies in charge of constitutional adjudication and the CJEU, with an eye on relevant CJEU jurisprudence as well.
Keywords: ultra vires, PSPP, national constitutional courts, CJEU, Europe, sovereignty, constitutional identity, preliminary ruling
This paper deals with the process of constitutional reform in Serbia in the context of European integration. Serbia has officially started the negotiations process for European Union membership, something which will require Serbia to conduct fundamental changes to its legal, economic and political system. Changes will also have to be introduced to Serbia’s Constitution. These changes, ultimately, will lead to the Europeanization of Serbian constitutional law and should enable this country’s smooth and transparent transition towards membership in the Union.
Étude des sources du droit et des institutions de l'Union européenne. Présentation individuelle de la participation à l'Union européenne des 27 États membres.
Droit général de l‘Union européenne
- Guy Isaac
- Marc Blanquet
- G Isaac
R v Secretary of State for Transport. Ex p. Factortame Ltd. and others
- Uk House Of Lords
Referring judgment of the Constitutional Court: 172
- Belge Cour Constitutionnelle
Conseil d’Etat – Arcelor-Entscheidung vom 8. Februar 2007 (Übersetzung) Der Vorrang des Europarechts in Frankreich(Anmerkung) WHI – Paper (Walter-Hallstein-Institut der Humboldt
- Franz C Mayer
- Lenski
- Wendel Edgar
Conseil d’Etat-Arcelor-Entscheidung vom 8. Februar
- Franz C Mayer
- Lenski
- Wendel Edgar
Conseil d’Etat - Arcelor -Entscheidung vom 8. Februar 2007 (Übersetzung)
- Franz C Mayer
- Edgar Lenski