ArticlePublisher preview available

Rebranding the Nation: Germany’s Image Politics

Authors:
To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the author.

Abstract

National image is a vital political consideration for the Federal Republic of Germany. In the global era, negative perceptions of Germany have been surpassed by evidence supporting that it rates among a select group of most admired countries, a standing attributable to state and non-state influences. A positive image has been sustained despite resonances of history, contradictory demands of EU leadership, and other domestic and international pressures arising from the migration crisis, the policies of Putin, and the election of Trump.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Rebranding the Nation: Germany’s Image Politics
Steve Wood
1
Published online: 22 February 2017
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2017
Abstract National image is a vital political consideration for the Federal Republic
of Germany. In the global era, negative perceptions of Germany have been sur-
passed by evidence supporting that it rates among a select group of most admired
countries, a standing attributable to state and non-state influences. A positive image
has been sustained despite resonances of history, contradictory demands of EU
leadership, and other domestic and international pressures arising from the migra-
tion crisis, the policies of Putin, and the election of Trump.
Keywords Germany Image Nation branding
Introduction
What significance does national image have for the Federal Republic of Germany
(FRG), how has it responded, and what outcomes have resulted? This article
contends that external perceptions—how others do or might regard Germany—are a
powerful influence on policy, evidenced by the substantial resources expended over
decades to achieve and maintain a favourable standing. An underlying security logic
that predominated in the early post-war era was joined and gradually exceeded by a
commercial-economic logic. These motivations were paralleled by affective desires
for acceptance, moral renewal, and recognition (Solomon 2014; Adler-Nissen 2014;
Browning 2015). Both types of impetus are reflected in the enduring emphasis on
trust and being an exemplar of liberal-democratic norms that pervades the FRG’s
&Steve Wood
steve.wood@mq.edu.au
1
Department of Politics and International Relations, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109,
Australia
Int Polit (2017) 54:161–181
DOI 10.1057/s41311-017-0027-y
Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.
... Each country focuses on a different idea that contributes to the structure of its nation's branding campaigns (Knott et al., 2017). For example, Germany's brand positioning refers to the country's leadership worldwide in economics, environment, and diplomacy (Wood, 2017). Canada prioritizes its unique national identity and ideologically deracialized discourse (Bhuyan et al., 2015). ...
Article
Full-text available
Private and public companies, as well as public authorities and governments, resort to corporate communication to build trust relationships with their stakeholders and, in this way, reinforce their corporate brands. However, they face different challenges including social transformations and cultural changes. This study evaluates how the FIFA World Cup 2022 impacted Qatar’s brand. To do that, we conducted a review of the literature about corporate communication and nation branding, and then, we carried out a quantitative content analysis of how the leading newspapers in the world’s most influential countries (United States, China, United Kingdom, France, and Germany) covered this event from a corporate communication perspective. These newspapers were selected based on highest circulation. The results from the analysis showed that media companies from France were the ones making more references to Qatar’s History (59); journalists from the United States were the most interested in the Qatar Brand (14); and British newspapers were the ones who published more content about the FIFA World Cup 2022 brand (53).
... For example, Canada focuses its branding strategies on some values such as its unique national identity and its ideologically deracialized discourse (Bhuyan, Jeyapal, Sakamoto, & Chou, 2015). Germany promotes its worldwide leadership in economics, environment, and diplomacy to build a credible brand that is associated with positive values such as respect and sustainability (Wood, 2017). Poland, Norway, and Ukraine focus their branding strategies on key concepts related to sincerity, excitement, sophistication, and humanism (Wawrzyniec & Waeraas, 2021). ...
... For example, Canada focuses its branding strategies on some values such as its unique national identity and its ideologically deracialized discourse (Bhuyan et al., 2015). Germany promotes its worldwide leadership in economics, environment, and diplomacy to build a credible brand that international stakeholders can associate with positive values such as respect and sustainability (Wood, 2017). Poland, Norway, and Ukraine focus their branding efforts on key concepts related to sincerity, excitement, sophistication, and humanism (Wawrzyniec, Waeraas, 2021). ...
Article
Full-text available
Countries implement corporate communication initiatives to improve their international relations, achieve business objectives, and strengthen their brands. Nation branding activities are mainly based on international events: sports, culture, and social issues. This paper evaluates the Dubai Expo 2020’s impact on the United Arab Emirates brand. We conducted a literature review about nation branding, and then we resorted to 15 indicators to analyze how the most important newspapers from some of the most influential countries (United States, Russia, France, and Germany) covered this event from a journalistic and corporate communication perspective. Our results proved that 82 articles were published about this topic; on the other hand, the most common criteria respected by these companies were quoting organizers (n=61), using the Expo’s logo (n=45), and the image of a falcon (n=43). We concluded that most media companies focused on facts related to the Expo 2020 and made references to the country’s identity (values, flag, falcon); however, most of them did not include links to the Dubai Expo and UAE public authorities’ websites.
... En la primera categoría, prevalecen investigaciones sobre el emblemático caso de Alemania, (Rossbach, Hayes, Wilson, Kleinheider, Myers, Westfall, & Haakenson, 2013;Adler-Nissen 2014Alexander, 2016;Wood, 2017), su diplomacia cultural en el manejo del estigma "amenaza nazi" y resignificación internacional. En la segunda categoría, se ven estudios de la diplomacia cultural estadounidense y soviética, usadas para contrarrestar la estigmatización de la contraparte en la Guerra Fría (Zourek, 2017). ...
Article
Full-text available
Este artículo aborda tres posturas de manejo del estigma como aceptación, contra-estigmatización y rechazo del estigma, acogidas por Chile, Cuba y Colombia a inicios de la Posguerra Fría. El artículo se aproxima a las iniciativas de diplomacia cultural desplegadas en el contexto del estigma asociado a la violación de los derechos humanos en estos tres casos, y pone en evidencia el subexplorado status del estigma en la disciplina, así como sus desatendidas relaciones con la diplomacia cultural que emerge en sus contornos.
... Unfavorable circumstances invigorate a latent anxiety. Angst might be too strong a word, and it is not immediately obvious on the streets, yet unease is creeping back among the German political establishment. a fear of being alone as other states depart, de facto if not yet de jure, from common ideals and frameworks, is masked by consumerism, welfare, predominance in europe, and high ratings in polls on reputation and image (Wood 2017b). If others are leaving the multilateral arrangements that are our raison d'etre, which got us to where we are, then where exactly is that? ...
Article
Germany benefited most from post-war integration into liberal democratic structures, an experience that transformed it into an enthusiastic advocate of multilateralism and a model for other states. The current “illiberal turn” away from international institutions and, in some instances, international law, threatens Germany’s preferred orientation. As authoritarian regimes and populisms undermine the “liberal international order” that made Germany secure and prosperous, it may be left as one of few if not the only noteworthy advocate of multilateralism in global affairs.
... Nation branding is, together with public diplomacy, the most recent incarnation of the task of projecting a positive image of a nation abroad. 2 Whilst there are competing definitions of nation branding, there is some consensus that it involves the use of marketing and advertising techniques to enhance the reputation of a nation (Aronczyk 2013;Castelló and Mihelj 2017;Kaneva 2011;Surowiec 2017;Volcic and Andrejevic 2011). Since the late 1990s, governments from all over the world have spent hefty sums of money engaging in various initiatives that promise to re-build and project "new" or "updated" versions of national identity in order to advance political, economic, and/or cultural agendas (Aronczyk 2013;Bátora 2005;Bolin and Ståhlberg 2015;Hall 2012;Kaneva 2011Kaneva , 2016Mains 2015;Saunders 2015;Surowiec 2017;Valaskivi 2013;Wood 2017). Nation branding advocates claim that the globalization of capitalism and the spread of communication technologies have made the international image or reputation of a nation as important as economic or military power (Anholt 2007;Dinnie 2008;van Ham 2001). ...
Book
Edited by Dunja Fehimović and Rebecca Ogden Foreword by Melissa Aronczyk As public and private sectors become stakeholders, nation-states become corporations, interests become strategic objectives, and identities become brands, branding emerges as a key feature of the pervasiveness of market logic in today’s world. Branding Latin America: Strategies, Aims, Resistance offers a sustained critical analysis of these transformations, which see identities deliberately (re)defined according to the principle of competition and strategically (re)oriented towards the market. Through context-sensitive case studies that foreground a specific, under examined set of practices and concepts, this volume draws particular attention not only to the reconfigurations of citizenship, identity, and culture according to an insidious logic of market competitiveness, but also to the ways in which different actors resist, survive, and even thrive in such a context. In so doing, it illuminates the ambivalent relationships between the local, national, and global; the individual and collective; the public and private; and the economic, political, and cultural landscapes that characterize contemporary Latin America and the wider world.
Article
An avoidance of overt status-seeking behaviour contrasts the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) with many other states. Does the FRG desire international status? Is it substantially different? This article contends that the FRG appreciates status and acquired it through economic and civil achievement, and relatively subtle diplomatic and political means. It does not engage in blatant status pursuit nor ostentatiously impress that which it has. Yet there are rarer examples of more robust status defence, lending insight into an evolving national persona. The article explores the status concept and variations in status as a political motivation. It then examines the FRG in general and specific contexts: sport, the goal of a permanent UNSC seat, and bilateral relations with the USA.
Article
This article examines post-war (West) Germany's attempt to address national stigma and gain international acceptance. It surveys three domains: public relations, Foreign Cultural Policy ( Auswärtige Kultur Politik ) and bilateral relations with France and the United States. By the 1970s, although some images of ‘Germany’ were still negative, on a global scale its underlying reputation was remarkably positive. The complex of political actions involved was a pioneering example of ‘nation branding’.
Article
EUrope and Germany face unprecedented crises. Given its role as EUrope's “central power” the article explores how Germany looks at its environment and how the world looks back. I offer five cuts of Germany's world, that is, how its power, place and ambition might be described from different angles. First, I examine a “structural” interpretation of EUrope's setting which shows a certain affinity with German visions of a rules-governed world. Next I reconstruct how Germany's changing role is described from the outside and the inside. The stark contrast between images of overbearing “hegemony” and facilitating German “leadership” lay the ground for a third cut which examines how German leadership has fared in three recent EUropean crises. In a fourth cut I analyse Germany's leadership challenges against the foil of US leadership globally. The difficulties highlighted in Germany's world of “shaping powers” and tough love diplomacy, my fifth cut, leave it, and EUrope, in an unenviable position indeed.