Seawater Steam Engine as a prime mover for third industrial revolution
Abstract
Radical new technology Seawater Steam Engine presented in this book is a scientific and technological breakthrough with the hopes of stopping climate change. New technology can simultaneously produce energy and drinking water, using only 3 natural forces: Renewable energy sources (RES), Seawater and Gravity. In the next 15-30 years with this technology it will be possible to produce 24,441 TWh of energy and 244 km3 of drinkable water per year, which are amounts that can satisfy mankind’s needs for energy and drinkable water and save up to 20 Gt of CO2. Seawater Steam Engine technology has an extremely high potential for further development and could in fact become the ‘prime mover’ of third, and last, industrial revolution, which essentially becomes a synonym for realization of sustainable communities.
... SSE technology is patented [38]; the present authors have published several scientific papers [39,40] on it, as well as a book in which they present its potential to launch the third industrial revolution [41]. ...
... If factories and entire communities can obtain both energy and drinking water, they then become completely sustainable. For that reason, SSE technology has a particular significance in the construction of sustainable communities and the initiation of the Third Industrial Revolution, as described in a previous paper [41]. This way, SSE technology links three important notions: Industrial revolution, Sustainable communities and Climate change, as three key notions: Economy, Society and Environment. ...
... Table 2 presents the values of individual parameters (1-10) using Equations (1)- (6), which prove the potential of SSE technology to simultaneously produce thermal and electric energy and drinking water. These calculations apply to the entire integrated system of SSE technology (including PSH for energy storage), as presented in previous papers by the authors [39][40][41]. Legend: (SSE-Seawater Steam Engine; PSH-Pump storage hydroelectric; 1-Total energy (TWh) and drinking water (km 3 ) consumption; 2-CF (%); 3-RES Total Power (TW); 4-RES Unit land use (km 2 /TWh); 5-RES Total land use (km 2 ); 6-PSH Volume (km 3 ); 7-PSH Energy (TWh); 8-Total energy (TWh) and drinking water (km 3 ) production; 9-Power and Heat CO 2 savings (Gt); 10-Total CO 2 savings (Gt)). ...
There is a broad consensus worldwide that anthropogenic climate change is a scientific
fact. Likewise, the fact is that the UN’s efforts to address climate change over the last 28 years have not been successful enough. It is evident that the global average temperature is on the rise (1.1 °C above pre-industrial levels in 2019). A particular concern comes from the fact that the Paris Agreement on keeping increases in the global average temperature to below +2 °C is an unenforceable ambition since the focus is more on consequences than causes. In addition, economic policies regarding global taxes, as well as adaptation and mitigation measures, are questionable, as there is no evidence that changes in the climate system will proceed at the same rate in the coming years. This paper proposes an engineering approach that considers all relevant aspects of the climate change problem and proposes a new policy, named the “Climate New Deal”. It deals with: (i)Reorientation from a high-carbon economy to a green economy; (ii) The intensive use of radically
new technology, e.g., “Seawater Steam Engine” technology for the simultaneous production of thermal and electric energy and drinking water; and (iii) The intensive use of energy efficient technologies and RES technologies, especially in transport.
... As stated in [6,[20][21][22], Seawater Steam Engine (SSE) technology uses three natural sources-RES energy, seawater or water from other unclean water sources (rivers, lakes, etc.) and gravity (thus, three natural resources)-in order to produce electricity and heat (for heating and cooling) and drinking water (which could also be referred to as "quadrigeneration"), which would be provided continuously throughout the year. Seasonally stored thermal energy would also be supplied by geothermal heat pumps, which means that the fourth natural resource, i.e., Earth, would be used. ...
Considering that more than half of the world’s population today lives in cities and consumes about 80% of the world’s energy and that there is a problem with drinking water supply, this paper presents a way to solve the problem of the sustainability of cities by enabling their complete independence from external sources of energy and drinking water. The proposed solution entails the use of Seawater Steam Engine (SSE) technology to supply cities with electricity, thermal energy and drinking water. The system would involve the seasonal storage of electricity and thermal energy, supported by geothermal heat pumps. The strategy of the distribution network would be based on the original concept of the “loop”. In cities that do not have enough space, SSE collectors would be placed above the lower parts of the city like “canopies”. The city of Zagreb (Croatia) was selected as a case study due to its size, climate and vulnerability to natural disasters. The results show that Zagreb could become sustainable in 30 years with the allocation of less than 2% of GDP and could become a paradigm of sustainability for cities worldwide. This paper encourages the development of the “Philosophy of Sustainability” because the stated goals cannot be achieved without a change in consciousness.
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